不同烤烟品种对烘烤条件的响应差异分析

为探究不同烤烟品种烟叶对不同烘烤工艺的品质响应差异。以云烟97、K326、NC71、NC102和NC297品种的中部叶为供试材料,使用皖南烟区主栽品种云烟97和NC297烘烤工艺分别在2座烤房内进行烘烤,通过分析烤后烟叶的经济性状、化学成分和感官质量,判断不同烤烟品种对烘烤条件的响应差异。在T1处理工艺下,云烟97的均价最高(22.47元/kg),NC102和K326的淀粉和叶绿素降解较充分,评吸得分以K326最高(66.33分);T2处理工艺下,K326的均价最高(23.63元/kg),NC297的淀粉和叶绿素降解率均较高,其评吸得分也较高(65.17分)。因此,通过适当调整烘烤工艺可提高云烟97和K326的内在质量,并保持其经济性状稳定。     

喷水频度和光质对烟用烤房内豌豆苗生长发育和品质的影响

以烟用烤房内生产豌豆苗为材料,研究不同光质(蓝光、红光、蓝红混合光)对豌豆苗长、重量积累、色素含量及营养物质含量的影响。结果表明,相同光照条件下,相对较高的喷水频度能够提高豌豆苗长、鲜重和干重、色素含量和营养成分含量,其中蓝光照射条件下,叶绿素a、V_C含量和总酚含量显著增加,红光照射条件下,叶绿素b、类黄酮和总酚含量显著增加,蓝红混合光照条件下,叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素、V_C含量和类黄酮含量显著增加。相同喷水频度下,蓝光处理能够显著提升苗长及显著增加豌豆苗茎叶鲜重、总鲜重、总干重。不同光质对豌豆苗叶片中不同色素含量的影响存在差异,蓝光处理显著增加叶绿素a含量,红光处理显著增加叶绿素b含量,蓝红混合光照处理显著增加类胡萝卜素含量。红光处理酚类物质含量显著高于其他光质。蓝光照射处理V_C含量、可溶性蛋白含量和类黄酮含量高于红光照射。豌豆苗中色素总量与V_C含量、类黄酮含量呈极显著正相关,与可溶性蛋白含量呈显著正相关。总之,豌豆苗生产过程中采用蓝光照射配合较高的喷水频度能够改善豌豆苗生长发育状况和达到提升豌豆苗营养价值的目的。     

不同前茬作物对平桥区植烟土壤养分的影响

In order to study the effect of different preceding crops on soil fertility in tobacco growing areas, 166 soil samples were collected from Pingqiao tobacco growing area for nutrient determination. The analysis results show that: ① The overall soil pH value is at an appropriate level (5.5~7.0), the degree of soil acidification in the corn preceding crop is generally high, and the pH value in the peanut preceding crop is mostly at an appropriate level. ② The overall soil organic matter is at a suitable but low level. 83.33% of the soil organic matter content in the previous crop of tobacco leaves is at an appropriate level, while most of the soil organic matter content in the other previous crops is at a low level. It is necessary to supplement organic fertilizer in a timely manner. ③The alkaline nitrogen content in the soil of different previous crops exceeds 100mg/kg, which is above the average level. The application amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled.④The soil available phosphorus content is relatively high in the previous crop of rice, while the rest are at an appropriate level, but the coefficient of variation is relatively large. ⑤The average content of soil available potassium is at an appropriate level, and the proportion of soil available potassium content in the previous crop of peanuts is the highest at an appropriate level, at 83.64%. ⑥The chloride ion content in the soil of the tobacco planting area is at the average level except for the previous crop of rice, but overall, the proportion of chloride ion content is relatively high. Therefore, comprehensive fertilization should be timely regulated s to regulate the proportion of chloride ions during the planting process.⑦Targeted fertilization suggestions were proposed for different previous tobacco fields.     

烤烟密集烤房不同装烟方式烘烤效果对比分析

挂竿、烟夹、散叶等3种装烟方式的烘烤对比试验表明:与传统挂竿烘烤相比,较散叶烘烤省工、节能,挂竿装烟和针式烟夹装烟环节用工效率基本一致,差异不明显,但编烟环节针式烟夹明显省工,总体节省了0.39个工/667 m2;散叶堆积较挂竿的各个环节均明显省工,散叶堆积较挂竿节省了1.60个工/667 m2,较针式烟夹节省用工1.21个工/667 m2。针式烟夹和散叶堆积较挂竿烘烤能耗成本略有降低,散叶堆积干烟较挂竿节省能耗成本0.22元/kg,针式烟夹干烟节省0.07元/kg。烟夹烤后烟叶的化学成分协调性最好;烟叶均价以及中上等烟比例针式烟夹和散叶堆积均较好,针式烟夹和散叶堆积干烟均价较挂竿分别高0.9和0.5元/kg。     

不同烘烤工艺对5个烤烟品种感官质量的影响研究

在5个密集烤房内采用不同的烘烤工艺分别对5个烤烟品种进行烘烤,应用主成分分析法综合分析评价了不同处理烤后烟叶的感官质量。结果表明:不同烤烟品种在其自身烘烤工艺条件下其感官质量评吸结果不一定最好;K326、NC297、云烟97和NC102使用较长变黄期和稍短定色期的烘烤工艺能够提高其感官质量,NC71使用稍短的变黄期和定色期的烘烤工艺能够提高其感官质量。