手参组培技术与愈伤组织药用成分研究

本研究以甘孜州野生手参为对象,以手参的茎尖、根尖、侧芽三种外植体类型,结合2,4-D、6-BA、NAA三种植物生长调节剂的浓度与组合,研究不同外植体类型及植物生长调节剂对手参愈伤组织诱导的影响,探索建立手参组织培养技术体系,同时,检测愈伤组织中药用化学成分,阐明药用成分差异,对再生植株进行综合评价。结果显示茎尖的愈伤组织诱导率最高（59.5%）,在0.5mg/L NAA的条件下愈伤组织诱导率最高（59.8%）,同一浓度下,单独添加生长素的愈伤组织诱导率高于生长素和细胞分类素的组合;根尖的褐变率最高（100%）,茎尖的褐变率最低（38.5%）;经检测发现,在NAA愈伤组织中的天麻素和dactylorhin A的含量都要高于2,4-D愈伤组织中的含量。本研究结果为进一步提高手参的品质,增强我国药用植物产业的竞争力,为后续商业化的应用打下坚实的基础。     

Effects of Dietary Supplemented with Combined Yeast⁃Bacillus coagulans Fermentation Culture on Intestinal Morphology,Intestinal Permeability,Cecal Fermentation and Microflora of Rex Rabbits北大核心CSCD

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemented with combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture on intestinal morphology, intestinal permeability, cecal fer⁃ mentation and microflora of Rex rabbits. A total of 160 healthy Rex rabbits weaned at 35⁃day⁃old with similar body weight were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 8 replicates per group and 5 rabbits per replicate. Rex rabbits in the control group were fed a basal diet, while the others in experimental groups were fed experimental diets supplemented with 0.01%, 0.02% and 0.04% combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation cul⁃ ture based on the basal diet, respectively. The pretrial period lasted for 7 days and formal period lasted for 56 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the crypt depth of jejunum in the 0.02% and 0.04% added groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), the jejunum villus height / crypt depth ratio in the 0.02% added group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0. 05), and the ileum villus height in the 0.04% added group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05) . 2) The ac⁃ tivity of diamine oxidase (DAO) in serum of 0.01% and 0.02% added groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the content of D⁃lactic acid (D⁃LA) in serum among all groups (P>0.05). 3) There were no significant differences in the pH of jejunum, ileum and cecum among all groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid and the ratios of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid in cecum among all groups (P>0.05). 4) Compared with the control group, the Simpson index of 0.02% and 0.04% added groups showed an increasing trend (0.05≤P<0.10). At the phylum level, the rela⁃ tive abundance of Verrucomicrobia showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing with the combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture increasing (0.05≤P<0.10); the relative abundance of Te⁃ nericutes in the 0.02% added group was significantly higher than that in the 0.01% and 0.04% added groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the added groups and the control group (P>0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae_UCG⁃014, Akkermansia, dgA⁃11_gut_group, Paramuribaculum and Subdoligranulum showed a trend of change with the combined yeast and Bacillus coagu⁃ lans fermentation culture increasing (0.05≤P<0.10). In summary, dietary supplemented with combined yeast and Bacillus coagulans fermentation culture can improve the intestinal morphology and reduce intestinal perme⁃ ability, but has no significant effects on the pH of jejunum, ileum and cecum and cecum fermentation, and can improve the microbial diversity of cecum of Rex rabbits. The recommended addition level is 0.02% to 0.04% based on the previous results of growth performance. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Clinical Research. All rights reserved.     

甘孜州特色观赏植物黄花木的栽培管理及应用

黄花木四季常绿、花色鲜艳,是一种观赏价值极高的灌木。虽然黄花木当前仍处于野生状态,但已成功突破种苗繁育技术。本文主要阐述了黄花木的特征、分布、价值及其栽培管理技术,为进一步在甘孜州地区开发利用提供借鉴。     

康定木兰花芽分化机理初探

康定木兰在成都引种栽培,生长情况良好,但未发现开花,关于其花芽分化过程及相关机理研究尚不明确。本研究以野生康定木兰花芽、栽培康定木兰芽为材料通过石蜡切片观察康定木兰花芽分化过程。同时,针对栽培康定木兰采用喷施激素和修剪两项措施研究对其花芽分化的影响,探索康定木兰花芽分化机理。结果表明：野生康定木兰花芽分化从4月底开始到6月上旬结束,整个过程历时39ｄ左右,其未分化期、花芽分化初期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期分别历时35 d、6 d 、10 d 、11 d 、12 d;同时期的栽培康定木兰芽在经过各种措施处理后并未进行花芽分化,成都平原夏季自然高温可能抑制了康定木兰花芽分化。     

甘孜州核桃优树选择研究

本研究结合甘孜州历年核桃质量监测数据，通过群众和当地林业部门推荐、实地调查等方法，初选52株表现较好的核桃，复选33株优树建立了档案后经连续3年的指标监测，终选12株核桃优树。用主成分分析法对12株优树经济性状（三茎均值、单果重、单果仁重、果壳厚度、出仁率等）进行分析，确定12株优树综合排名（排名前三的依次是LDW-2、DBZ-1、BTB-6）。研究表明，优树选择研究在核桃各项指标监测的基础上用主成分分析法能得到更高效、更精确、更科学的优树综合排名。     

泌乳期母兔乳中微生物多样性变化规律研究

本试验旨在探究泌乳期母兔乳中微生物群落组成与多样性变化。选用3胎次妊娠母兔12只，分别于泌乳第0天（分娩后0.5 h内，L0）、第3天（L3）、第7天（L7）、第21天（L21）、第35天（L35），取母兔新鲜乳汁进行16S rDNA测序和生物学信息分析。结果显示：1) alpha多样性方面，Chao1和Observed＿species指数表现为L0、L21极显著高于L7(P<0.01),L3显著高于L7(P<0.05);Shannon指数表现为L0显著高于L7(P<0.05),L21极显著高于L3、L7(P<0.01);Simpson指数表现为L21显著高于L7(P<0.05)。2)beta多样性方面，L0、L21、L35的微生物组成相似。3）在门水平上，L7的厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）相对丰度极显著低于L0、L35(P<0.01)，显著低于L21(P <0.05);L7的拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）相对丰度极显著低于L3、L21(P<0.01)，显著低于L0(P<0.05);L7的变形菌门（Proteobacte...