Organic phosphorus mineralization characteristics in sediments from the coastal salt marshes of a Chinese delta under simulated tidal cycles

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Sediment organic phosphorus (OP) mineralization plays an important role in phosphorus cycling in coastal salt marshes. However, information on OP mineralization...     

国家重要热带作物工程技术研究中心运行机制探讨

从国家重要热带作物工程技术研究中心现状出发,探讨工程中心的运行机制,提出了加快构建热带农业工程技术研究中心运行机制的对策和建议。     

Epidemiology of poultry parasitic disease in village breeding in Niamey area, Niger]

An inventory of poultry parasitism in hens and Guinea fowls in village breeding was conducted from May 1985 to April 1987 in the Niamey department. About 1,200 post-mortem examinations and haematological tests, as well as 6,000 faecal egg counts were performed. The internal polyparasitism was observed in two thirds of the cases. Guinea fowls were more infected than chickens. Cestodiasis was frequent in both species. The omnipresent spirochaetosis made a potential danger for the improved flocks. Ectoparasitoses were mainly represented by argas and scaly-legs, which affected one chicken out of ten.     

基于MSPA和MCR模型的海岛型城市生态网络构建——以福建省平潭岛为例

为解决快速发展导致的生态环境问题,探究平衡海岛型城市发展与生态保护的有效途径,以福建省平潭岛为研究区,采用形态学空间格局分析模型(MSPA)、最小累积阻力模型(MCR)和重力模型构建平潭岛生态网络,通过构建踏脚石斑块对生态网络进行优化。结果表明：(1)初步构建的生态网络包括20个重要生态源地和190条生态廊道,重要生态源地主要分布在西部和东北部,生态廊道在中部和南部地区分布较少。(2)阻力较大的地区主要分布在平潭县城及研究区南部和中部。这些地区几乎都是建成区,很大程度上阻碍了生态系统的流动,导致研究区生态网络体系不完整。(3)增加了8个踏脚石斑块作为补充重要生态源地,同时也新增加188条生态廊道,以实现生态网络的优化。(4)优化后的生态网络连通性提高,网络闭合指数(α指数)、网络连接度指数(β指数)和网络连通率指数(γ指数)分别增加了1.99,4,1.33。研究能够阐明构建踏脚石在海岛型城市生态网络完善中的实践路径,并为平潭岛未来生态规划及城市健康发展提供有效的理论支撑,同时也为其他海岛型城市的生态保护和优化提供参考。     

亚热带人工湿地中冬春草本功能群化学计量学研究(英文)

[目的]对亚热带人工湿地中冬春草本功能群进行化学计量学研究。[方法]用紫外可见分光光度计测定植物体内的硝态氮、铵态氮和磷的元素质量浓度,用过硫酸钾氧化吸光光度法测总N含量,用火焰光度计测定植物体内的钾和钠的元素质量浓度,每种植物样本的元素测定均进行4次重复。[结果]基本所有样本的4种营养元素浓度都处于自然界植物营养元素浓度正常范围;在冬春草本植物功能群内,不同物种在元素质量浓度上表现出多样性;植物高度对营养元素浓度的影响不明显;非禾草类植物的营养元素浓度高于禾草类植物的营养元素浓度;一年生草本植物的营养元素浓度高于多年生草本植物的营养元素浓度。[结论]为了解生态系统中营养条件的变化对物种多样性、群落结构和系统演替的影响提供了依据。     

Prevalence of rotavirus A infection and the detection of type G3P[11] strain in ruminants in Yobe state,Nigeria

Rotaviruses have a worldwide distribution and the infection is associated with diarrhea in young of ruminants as well as children. However, limited data exist on its prevalence and types in Yobe state, Nigeria. Detection of rotavirus A and types in ruminant population in Yobe state was the aim of the study. A total of 470 diarrheic fecal samples were collected and tested for rotavirus and types using serology and molecular techniques respectively. A prevalence rate of 2.98% (14/470) was found in the three species with specific rates of 2.9% (6/202), 3.8% (6/158), and 1.8% (2/110) in goat, sheep, and cattle respectively. The prevalence rates of 3.6% (12/331), 1.2% (1/84), and 1.8% (1/55) were for those aged < 1–3, 4–6, and 7–9 months old, respectively, while 4.9% (9/185) and 1.7% (5/285) were in males and females respectively. Rotavirus genes VP7 and VP4 were detected in 2 (14.3%) out of the 14 ELISA-positive samples while deduced amino acid sequences of the major variable regions revealed the genes to belong to types G3P[11] strain. Significant association was found between the infection and sex (P < 0.05) unlike in the species and age groups of the ruminants. The circulation of rotavirus virus in ruminants and type G3P[11] in cattle has been confirmed in the study. Hence, there is a need for continuous surveillance, awareness campaign, and assessment of the economic losses and public health implications of rotavirus infection in Nigeria.

     

绿盲蝽气味结合蛋白AlucOBP33配体结合特性

本文研究了绿盲蝽气味结合蛋白AlucOBP33的配体结合特性,以期明确其在绿盲蝽化学感受过程中的生理功能。基于前期绿盲蝽触角转录组测序数据,筛选获得候选气味结合蛋白AlucOBP33。三维结构预测显示,AlucOBP33由6个α螺旋构成,包含3对保守的半胱氨酸,属于classic OBPs。室内对AlucOBP33基因进行了克隆和重组表达,采用荧光竞争结合试验研究了重组AlucOBP33蛋白与潜在的73种挥发性气味及13种味觉化合物的结合特性。结果显示,AlucOBP33重组蛋白能够分别与2种醇类、4种酮类、1种酯类、1种醛类和1种烯烃类的挥发性气味以及4种非挥发性化合物结合,推测AlucOBP33在绿盲蝽嗅觉感受和味觉识别过程中发挥双重功能。     

人参核盘菌菌核的菌丝型萌发特性研究

人参核盘菌菌核在自然环境及人工培养条件下很难产生子囊盘,主要通过菌核进行菌丝型萌发侵染寄主。为明确人参核盘菌菌核的菌丝型萌发特性,对人参核盘菌菌核的萌发历程和影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,人参核盘菌菌核吸水性强,前期吸水速度较快,菌核吸水饱和后,是吸水前菌核平均质量的1.99倍。菌核吸水后3 d开始菌丝型萌发,8 d时菌核的菌丝型萌发率到达97.8%,而未吸水的菌核则不能萌发产生菌丝。菌核在干燥的土壤环境中的菌丝型萌发率极低,土壤湿度越大越利于菌丝型萌发。菌核龄越大所需的菌丝型萌发时间越长。15.0～22.5℃为菌核菌丝型萌发的适宜温度。pH为6.0时,其菌核的菌丝型萌发率最高。     

“热农1号”余甘子品种特性和栽培技术要点

”热农1号”余甘子是云南省农科院热区所在国内各个热区及各个干热河谷区域经过多年的种质资源调查收集、保存和评价后选育出的优良品种。本文主要对”热农1号”余甘子的品种特性和栽培技术要点进行介绍,”热农1号”余甘子一年生结果枝壮实,叶片宽大、浓绿且反卷;果实近圆形,外果皮淡黄绿色;果实大小均匀,最大单果重14.07g,平均单果重为12.3g;果实酸涩味不明显,肉脆,适宜鲜食;在不同生态环境条件下,均表现为耐干旱、抗病、耐贫瘠的特性;树势强,树冠圆球形,丰产性好,产量稳定;与对照品种相比,成熟期早,属早熟品种。