Effects of aminoglycoside antibiotics on renal antioxidants, malondialdehyde levels, and some serum biochemical parameters

Effects of amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin on renal tissue superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and malondialdehyde, serum creatinine, potassium, sodium, total protein, glucose, uric acid, and total bilirubin levels were investigated. All aminoglycoside antibiotics decreased renal tissue glutathione levels.     

Investigation of biochemical and haematological side-effects of cefquinome in healthy dogs

In the present study, the effects of cefquinome, a 4th generation cephalosporin, on clinical, biochemical, haematological, and blood gas variables were investigated. Five healthy dogs were injected with cefquinome (1 mg/kg body weight, IM, daily) for 14 days. Negative effects of cefquinome on clinical, biochemical, and haematological variables were not observed, but it did change some blood gas variables.     

Effects of continuous supplementations of ascorbic acid, aspirin, vitamin E and selenium on some haematological parameters and serum superoxide dismutase level in broiler chickens

1. This study was conducted using male broiler chickens to determine the effects of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations on haematological parameters and serum superoxide dismutase concentration. 2. One hundred and twenty day-old male Hubbunt broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups of 20 chicks each and placed in different pens. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given a diet supplemented with ascorbic acid, aspirin (in water), ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium, respectively for 45 d while group 1 was given a commercial broiler diet. 3. There was no significant effect of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium supplementations on any of the haematological parameters (red blood cell, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin) in broilers but ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementation significantly decreased the white blood cell counts. 4. In addition to this, ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations had no significant effect on the serum superoxide dismutase level, but vitamin E+selenium supplementation increased the serum superoxide dismutase level.     

Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular administration in Angora goats.

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of enrofloxacin were determined after single intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administrations of 5 mg/kg body weight (BW) to 5 healthy adult Angora goats. Plasma enrofloxacin concentrations were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetics were best described by a 2-compartment open model. The elimination half-life and volume of distribution after IV and IM administrations were similar (t1/2beta, 4.0 to 4.7 h and Vd(ss),1.2 to 1.5 L/kg, respectively). Enrofloxacin was rapidly (t1/2a, 0.25 h) and almost completely absorbed (F, 90%) after IM administration. Mean plasma concentrations of enrofloxacin at 24 h after IV and IM administration (0.07 and 0.09 microg/mL, respectively) were higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for most pathogens. In conclusion, once-daily IV and IM administration of enrofloxacin (5 mg/kg BW) in Angora goats may be useful in treatment of infectious diseases caused by sensitive pathogens.     

基于色差信息多色彩模型的黄羽鸡快速分割方法

快速准确分割出复杂背景下的鸡只图像,是应用机器视觉系统快速识别实际饲养环境下病鸡的关键步骤。以某鸡舍散养的黄羽肉鸡为分割目标,提出了一种基于色差信息的多色彩模型鸡只分割方法。首先对200幅自然环境下拍摄的图像在常用的色彩模型下,分析了鸡冠、鸡身羽毛、鸡肚羽毛以及背景的颜色特征,利用背景在RGB色彩模型的R、G、B三分量色差信息特征进行一次分割,去除大部分的背景,然后转换到HSV色彩模型,获取黄羽鸡不同部位的H分量阈值,再由H阈值范围提取鸡身、鸡冠实现二次分割,最终得到分割目标。实验结果表明所提方法实际分割正确率为86.3%,优于L*a*b*色彩模型聚类的78.4%。所提方法复杂度小,运算时间短,适用于实时分割场合。     

四种暖季型禾草对水分胁迫的生理响应

为筛选出西南地区适宜种植的暖季型禾草种类,以毛花雀稗(Paspalum dilatatum Poir)、小毛花雀稗(Paspalum urville S.)、柳枝稷(Panicum.virgatum L.)和非洲狗尾草(Setaria anceps)为材料,采用盆栽控水方法,研究干旱胁迫对植物叶片相对含水量、光合参数、游离脯氨酸含量和丙二醛含量等生理生化指标的影响.结果表明,随干旱时间的延长,几种暖季型禾草都表现出相对含水量下降、光合速率和蒸腾速率下降、气孔导度下降、游离脯氨酸含量上升、丙二醛含量上升等特征,但四种暖季型禾草的反应及复水后各指标的恢复能力各不相同.通过上述6项指标综合评价后初步认为,四种暖季型禾草的抗旱性顺序为柳枝稷＞小毛花雀稗＞非洲狗尾草＞毛花雀稗.     

Pharmacokinetics of Flunixin after Intravenous Administration in Healthy and Endotoxaemic Rabbits

The pharmacokinetics of flunixin were determined after intravenous bolus injection at a single dose (2.2 mg/kg) in healthy rabbits and diseased rabbits with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock. Six adult New Zealand White rabbits were used. Concentrations of drug in plasma were determined by HPLC. Pharmacokinetics were best described by a two-compartment open model. In healthy rabbits, there was a high plasma clearance (0.62 L/(h kg)), and a relatively short elimination half-life (1.19 h). In endotoxaemic rabbits, total plasma clearance (0.43 L/(h kg)) was significantly lower (p<0.05), and elimination half-life (1.90 h) and AUC₀-∞ (5.29 (μg h)/ml) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in healthy animals. The changes of pharmacokinetics of flunixin in rabbits with septic shock could be of clinical significance, and may require monitoring of plasma flunixin levels in endotoxaemic status.     

灾害性气候条件下优质蛋白玉米黔单11号的表现

优质蛋白玉米杂交种黔单11号是在贵州恶劣灾害气候的环境条件下,选育出来的玉米新品种。经1997、2000、2001年3a试验,观察了灾害性气候对该品种的影响。结果表明:该品种抗逆性较强,播种期遇干旱久晴无雨的天气,土壤田间持水量为43.5％(正常土壤田间持水量60％)、雨水不足,出苗率在85％以上,基本达到苗齐、苗壮:拔节后期喇叭口阶段,遇到久雨少晴气候,遭受水涝灾害,土壤田间持水量达85％以上,部分低洼处被水淹,而玉米生长正常,叶色深绿,根系发达,未发现烂根现象;在抽雄、吐丝、授粉阶段,遭遇伏旱及暴风雨灾害,玉米正常抽雄吐丝授粉结实,产量未造成较大影响,基本上达到常年稳产,每公顷达到8400kg以上。