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Bone char as phosphorus fertilizer involved in cadmium immobilization in lettuce,wheat, and potato cropping 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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Bone char is a potential clean and renewable P fertilizer with Cd‐immobilization capabilities, but the P–Cd interactions in cropping of vegetable, grain, and tuber crops are unknown. In the present pot experiment bone char was evaluated on its effect on the growth and P supply of various crops (lettuce, wheat, potatoes) as well as its capability to reduce the uptake of Cd from a moderately Cd‐contaminated and P‐deficient soil (soil 1) and a highly Cd‐contaminated soil with sufficient P supply (soil 2). When averaging the dry‐matter yield over the treatments for each crop for the P‐sufficient soil 1, the following order was obtained: triple superphosphate (TSP) > diammonium phosphate (DAP) > BC, whereas for the soil 2 with sufficient P supply it was inverted with BC > DAP > TSP. The P‐deficiency resulted in a more pronounced effect of TSP and DAP on the plant growth, whereas P sufficiency in the soil promoted a crop‐quality‐enhancing effect of bone char. The Cd concentration in the consumption‐relevant plant parts was mostly insignificantly affected by treatments; however, the total Cd concentration in the whole plants tended to decrease with fertilizer addition for all crops in soil 1 even at very low bone‐char application levels. Similar results were obtained for soil 2 with an exception for the Cd concentration in potatoes, as the total Cd concentration was significantly increased in the TSP and DAP treatments. This most likely results from the introduction of Cd with TSP and DAP as they contained ≈ 27–28 mg Cd kg–1. Thus, this study demonstrated the potential of bone char as a clean P fertilizer, which can efficiently decrease the Cd contamination of potato on contaminated soils. 相似文献
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In this work, photocatalytic degradation of two reactive dyes, Reactive Yellow 84 (RY 84) and Reactive Black 5 (RB 5), on FeTiO3/TiO2 heterojunction in the presence of UV–visible radiation and H2O2 has been reported. FeTiO3/TiO2 heterojunction has been prepared from ilmenite FeTiO3 and anatase TiO2 by employing oxalic acid as an organic linker. FeTiO3/TiO2 ratios have been varied from 1 to 5 wt.%, and the materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and diffused reflectance UV–visible spectroscopic analysis. The photocatalytic activity of FeTiO3/TiO2 heterojunction for the degradation of the organic dyes RY 84 and RB 5 in the presence of UV–visible light was found to be higher than that of pure TiO2. The addition of H2O2 increases the rate of degradation of both dyes on FeTiO3/TiO2 heterojunction. It facilitates the fast degradation of dye solutions even when their concentration was above 100 mg/l, which is otherwise very slow due to the low transmittance of light by the dye solution. The extent of mineralisation of the reactive dye during photocatalytic degradation was estimated from chemical oxygen demand analysis. FeTiO3/TiO2 heterojunction photocatalyst was also found to have good photostability; the material retains almost 97 % of its initial activity even in the fifth cycle. 相似文献
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Jens Kruse Marion Abraham Wulf Amelung Christel Baum Roland Bol Oliver Kühn Hans Lewandowski Jörg Niederberger Yvonne Oelmann Christopher Rüger Jakob Santner Meike Siebers Nina Siebers Marie Spohn Johan Vestergren Angela Vogts Peter Leinweber 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2015,178(1):43-88
Phosphorus (P) is an indispensable element for all life on Earth and, during the past decade, concerns about the future of its global supply have stimulated much research on soil P and method development. This review provides an overview of advanced state‐of‐the‐art methods currently used in soil P research. These involve bulk and spatially resolved spectroscopic and spectrometric P speciation methods (1 and 2D NMR, IR, Raman, Q‐TOF MS/MS, high resolution‐MS, NanoSIMS, XRF, XPS, (µ)XAS) as well as methods for assessing soil P reactions (sorption isotherms, quantum‐chemical modeling, microbial biomass P, enzymes activity, DGT, 33P isotopic exchange, 18O isotope ratios). Required experimental set‐ups and the potentials and limitations of individual methods present a guide for the selection of most suitable methods or combinations. 相似文献
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