排序方式: 共有15条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Neetu Singh Nivedita Shukla Pratibha Singh Rolee Sharma S.M. Rajendran Rakesh Maurya Gautam Palit 《Fitoterapia》2010
Evidences have suggested that Tectona grandis (TG) attenuates gastric mucosal injury; however its mechanism has not yet been established. The aim of present study was to evaluate the gastroprotective mechanism of ethanolic extract of TG (E-EtOH), butanolic fraction (Fr-Bu) and to identify its active constituents. Anti-ulcer activities were evaluated against cold restraint (CRU) and pyloric ligation (PL) induced gastric ulcer models and further confirmed through H+ K+-ATPase inhibitory activity. Cytoprotective activity was evaluated in alcohol (AL) induced gastric ulcer model and further through PGE2 level. E-EtOH and Fr-Bu attenuated ulcer formation in CRU. Moreover E-EtOH and Fr-Bu displayed potent anti-secretory activity as evident through reduced free acidity and pepsin activity in PL, confirmed further by in vitro inhibition of H+ K+-ATPase activity. In addition cytoprotective potential of E-EtOH and Fr-Bu were apparent with protection in AL model, increased PGE2 content and enhanced mucin level in PL. Phytochemical investigations of Fr-Bu yielded terpenoides and a phenolic glycoside, verbascoside. The anti-secretory mechanism of verbascoside mediated apparently through inhibition of H+ K+-ATPase with corresponding decrease in plasma gastrin level, is novel to our finding. Gastroprotection elicited by TG might be through proton pump inhibition and consequent augmentation of the defensive mechanism. 相似文献
2.
Jayaswall Kuldip Sharma Himanshu Bhandawat Abhishek Sagar R. Jayaswal Deepanshu Kumar Akash Chaturvedi Pratibha Mahajan Vijay Kumar Sanjay Singh Major 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(1):363-372
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Alliums comprise of popular spices and used for various culinary purposes and nutraceuticals. Poor genetic characterization and scarce information regarding... 相似文献
3.
Melissa A. Fitzgerald Christine J. Bergman Adoracion P. Resurreccion Jürgen Mller Rosario Jimenez Russell F. Reinke Margrit Martin Pedro Blanco Federico Molina Ming‐Hsuan Chen Victoria Kuri Marissa V. Romero Fatemeh Habibi Takayuki Umemoto Supanee Jongdee Eduardo Graterol K. Radhika Reddy Priscila Zaczuk Bassinello Rajeswari Sivakami N. Shobha Rani Sanjukta Das Ya Jane Wang Siti Dewi Indrasari Asfaliza Ramli Rauf Ahmad Sharifa S. Dipti Lihong Xie Nguyen Thi Lang Pratibha Singh Dmaso Castillo Toro Fatemeh Tavasoli Christian Mestres 《Cereal Chemistry》2009,86(5):492-498
Amylose content is a parameter that correlates with the cooking behavior of rice. It is measured at the earliest possible stages of rice improvement programs to enable breeders to build the foundations of appropriate grain quality during cultivar development. Amylose is usually quantified by absorbance of the amylose‐iodine complex. The International Network for Quality Rice (INQR) conducted a survey to determine ways that amylose is measured, reproducibility between laboratories, and sources of variation. Each laboratory measured the amylose content of a set of 17 cultivars of rice. The study shows that five different versions of the iodine binding method are in use. The data show that repeatability was high within laboratories but reproducibility between laboratories was low. The major sources of variability were the way the standard curve was constructed and the iodine binding capacity of the potato amylose used to produce the standard. Reproducibility is much lower between laboratories using a standard curve of potato amylose alone compared with those using calibrated rice cultivars. This study highlights the need to standardize the way amylose is measured, and presents research avenues for doing so. 相似文献
4.
Shweta Tiwari Pratibha Singh Rameshwar Tiwari Kamlesh K. Meena Mahesh Yandigeri Dhananjaya P. Singh Dilip K. Arora 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2011,47(8):907-916
Salt-tolerant isolates Bacillus pumilus, Pseudomonas mendocina, Arthrobacter sp., Halomonas sp., and Nitrinicola lacisaponensis isolated from high saline habitats exhibited plant growth-promoting traits like P solubilization and indole acetic acid (IAA),
siderophore, and ammonia production. These isolates were inoculated in wheat to assess microbe-mediated responses and plant
growth promotion in salt affected soil. Maximum shoot and root length (33.8 and 13.6 cm) and shoot and root biomass (2.73
and 4.48 g dry weight) was recorded in plants inoculated with B. pumilus after 30 days. Total chlorophyll content was maximum in the leaves of the plants treated with Halomonas sp. (24.22 mg g−1 dry weight) followed by B. pumilus (23.41 mg g−1 dry weight) as compared to control (18.21 mg g−1 dry weight) after 30 days. Total protein content was maximum in Arthrobacter sp. inoculated plant leaves (3.19 mg g−1 dry weight) followed by B. pumilus (2.47 mg g−1 dry weight) as compared to control (2.15 mg g−1 dry weight) after 30 days. Total carotenoid content was maximum in plants inoculated with Halomonas sp. (1,075.45 and 1,113.29 μg g−1 dry weight) in comparison to control (837.32 and 885.85 μg g−1 dry weight) after 15 and 30 days. Inoculation of bacterial isolates increased presence of individual phenolics (gallic, caffeic,
syringic, vanillic, ferulic, and cinnamic acids) and flavonoid quercetin in the rhizosphere soil. The concentration of IAA
in rhizosphere soil and root exudates was also higher in all treatments than in control. Accumulation of phenolics and quercetin
in the plants played a cumulative synergistic role that supported enhanced plant growth promotion of wheat in the stressed
soil. 相似文献
5.
Yeshi A. Wamishe Jia Yulin Pratibha Singh Richard D. Cartwright 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2007,1(4):361-367
The rates of in vitro hyphal growth of Rhizoctonia solani isolates, and their pathogenicity were evaluated to identify R. solani isolates that are suitable to detect quantitative resistance in rice. The isolates of R. solani were purified from the infected rice and two grass species in Arkansas over three years. Among 200 Rhizoctonia-like isolates, 102 isolates were identified as R. solani, and confirmed using a ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers’ marker. The rates of in vitro hyphal growth of the 102 R. solani isolates ranged from 1.17 to 1.89 mm/h, of which only 13.7% were significantly different from each other. The rates of in vitro hyphal growth of eight selected isolates were correlated with lesion lengths (r = 0.86 at P = 0.005 9 and r = 0.93 at P = 0.000 1) on the detached leaves of rice cultivars of Jasmine 85 (resistant) and M202 (susceptible), respectively. The eight
isolates were selected based on the mean values of the maximal (1.89), median (1.54) and minimal (1.17) rates of hyphal growth.
Two isolates that consistently exhibited significant differences in the rates of the hyphal growth were selected to examine
the aggressiveness of isolates in micro-chambers. Using a micro-chamber, the slow growing isolates separated susceptible cultivars
from moderately resistant cultivars better than the fast growing isolates. In contrast, the differences in disease reactions
between both R. solani isolates were undetected using a standard field evaluation method. We suggest that the slow growing isolates are more useful
than the fast growing isolates for detecting quantitative resistance with the micro-chamber method. 相似文献
6.
Prashant P. Jambhulkar Pratibha Sharma Raja Manokaran Dilip K. Lakshman Pramod Rokadia Nitiprasad Jambhulkar 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(3):747-758
Laimaphelenchus suberensis sp. nov. obtained from declining Quercus suber trees of Herdade da Gouveia de Baixo, Alentejo, Portugal, is described and illustrated based on morphological, biometrical and molecular characters. The diagnosis of Laimaphelenchus species has been commonly based on the presence or absence of a vulval flap and on the shape structure of the tail tip. The species described here has been included in the Laimaphelenchus group without vulval flap, and can be distinguished from morphologically similar species by its tail tip shape structure that has a stalk-like terminus and three diffuse tubercles with 4–6 finger-like protrusions. For the molecular analyses, the mitochondrial DNA region from the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI), the D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) of rRNA gene were amplified and sequenced. Sequences of L. suberensis sp. nov. clustered separately from all Laimaphelenchus spp. with available sequences in Genbank, confirming its identification as a new species. This is the second report of the genus Laimaphelenchus in Portugal, associated with Q. suber: L. heidelbergi and L. suberensis sp. nov. 相似文献
7.
Young HM George S Narváez DF Srivastava P Schuerger AC Wright DL Marois JJ 《Phytopathology》2012,102(8):794-803
Soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a damaging fungal disease of soybean (Glycine max). Although solar radiation can reduce SBR urediniospore survival, limited information is available on how solar radiation affects SBR progress within soybean canopies. Such information can aid in developing accurate SBR prediction models. To manipulate light penetration into soybean canopies, structures of shade cloth attenuating 30, 40, and 60% sunlight were constructed over soybean plots. In each plot, weekly evaluations of severity in lower, middle, and upper canopies, and daily temperature and relative humidity were recorded. Final plant height and leaf area index were also recorded for each plot. The correlation between amount of epicuticular wax and susceptibility of leaves in the lower, middle, and upper canopies was assessed with a detached leaf assay. Final disease severity was 46 to 150% greater in the lower canopy of all plots and in the middle canopy of 40 and 60% shaded plots. While daytime temperature within the canopy of nonshaded soybean was greater than shaded soybean by 2 to 3°C, temperatures recorded throughout typical evenings and mornings of the growing season in all treatments were within the range (10 to 28.5°C) for SBR development as was relative humidity. This indicates temperature and relative humidity were not limiting factors in this experiment. Epicuticular wax and disease severity in detached leaf assays from the upper canopy had significant negative correlation (P = 0.009, R = -0.84) regardless of shade treatment. In laboratory experiments, increasing simulated total solar radiation (UVA, UVB, and PAR) from 0.15 to 11.66 MJ m(-2) increased mortality of urediniospores from 2 to 91%. Variability in disease development across canopy heights in early planted soybean may be attributed to the effects of solar radiation not only on urediniospore viability, but also on plant height, leaf area index, and epicuticular wax, which influence disease development of SBR. These results provide an understanding of the effect solar radiation has on the progression of SBR within the soybean canopy. 相似文献
8.
A protocol for clonal propagation of Rosa clinophylla, a rare and endangered species but very important for breeding purposes had been standardized through in vitro axillary bud culture. Although cytokinins alone were able to induce shoot buds, but their proper growth and number could be increased only when they were used in combination with GA3. However, there was shoot tip necrosis and leaf fall in the proliferated shoots. AgNO3 at 58.85 μM proved effective to avoid shoot necrosis and yellowing of leaves. Activated charcoal (AC) at 250 mg l−1 was found necessary at all the stages of shoot multiplication as well as rooting. Ninety percent rooting could be achieved in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 4.92 μM IBA and 250 mg l−1 AC. Rooted plantlets were hardened and transferred to the field successfully with 80% survival rate. 相似文献
9.
Mapping and validation of QTLs for resistance to an Indian isolate of Ascochyta blight pathogen in chickpea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pratibha Kottapalli Pooran M. Gaur Sanjay K. Katiyar Jonathan H. Crouch Hutokshi K. Buhariwalla Suresh Pande Kishore K. Gali 《Euphytica》2009,165(1):79-88
Ascochyta blight (AB) caused by Ascochyta rabiei, is globally the most important foliar disease that limits the productivity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). An intraspecific linkage map of cultivated chickpea was constructed using an F2 population derived from a cross between an AB susceptible parent ICC 4991 (Pb 7) and an AB resistant parent ICCV 04516. The
resultant map consisted of 82 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and 2 expressed sequence tag (EST) markers covering 10
linkage groups, spanning a distance of 724.4 cM with an average marker density of 1 marker per 8.6 cM. Three quantitative
trait loci (QTLs) were identified that contributed to resistance to an Indian isolate of AB, based on the seedling and adult
plant reaction. QTL1 was mapped to LG3 linked to marker TR58 and explained 18.6% of the phenotypic variance (R
2) for AB resistance at the adult plant stage. QTL2 and QTL3 were both mapped to LG4 close to four SSR markers and accounted
for 7.7% and 9.3%, respectively, of the total phenotypic variance for AB resistance at seedling stage. The SSR markers which
flanked the AB QTLs were validated in a half-sib population derived from the same resistant parent ICCV 04516. Markers TA146
and TR20, linked to QTL2 were shown to be significantly associated with AB resistance at the seedling stage in this half-sib
population. The markers linked to these QTLs can be utilized in marker-assisted breeding for AB resistance in chickpea. 相似文献
10.
Guar [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] is an important commercial crop of India, mainly cultivated in the northwestern part and neighboring areas of Pakistan. High morphological diversity is reported in guar. The present study attempts to analyze the genetic diversity in cultivated guar using allozyme polymorphism and compare it with reported morphological diversity. Accessions for the study were selected from a set of guar germplasm conserved at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi. The morphological data of 108 selected accessions was subjected to UPGMA clustering. Fifty-five accessions were then picked randomly from the clusters generated. Tris-borate system (pH 8.3) was found to be most effective for detection of allozyme polymorphism in guar. Ten enzymes were selected for the study out of 18 systems tried, namely, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, phosphogluco isomerase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, esterase, peroxidase, alcohol dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and shikimate dehydrogenase. A total of 20 loci were detected with 34 alleles. The number of polymorphic loci in different accessions was observed to be highly variable (0–9). An average of 1.27 allozyme per polymorphic locus was observed. The allele frequency data of the 55 accessions was used to determine genetic diversity parameters. The dendrogram generated on genetic distance showed three clusters in the distance range of 0–0.28. Most of the accessions were in the first clusters in a narrow distance range of 0–0.08. The second cluster consisted of improved varieties and accession from Pakistan. The third cluster of accessions was genetically more distant but there was no definite segregation of accessions according to the place of collection. The accessions from south west Rajasthan were scattered in all the three clusters showing higher variability in this region, also supported by higher morphological variation. The genetic distance was low among accessions of guar, indicating low diversity in India. 相似文献