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Melatonin reduces apoptotic cells,SOD2 and HSPB1 and improves the in vitro production and quality of bovine blastocysts
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TC Marques EC da Silva Santos TO Diesel LO Leme CF Martins MAN Dode BG Alves FPH Costa EB de Oliveira ML Gambarini 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):226-236
Effects of adding different concentrations of melatonin (10?7, 10?9 and 10?11 M) to maturation (Experiment 1; Control, IVM + 10?7, IVM + 10?9, IVM + 10?11) and culture media (Experiment 2; Control, IVC + 10?7, IVC + 10?9, IVC + 10?11) were evaluated on in vitro bovine embryonic development. The optimal concentration of melatonin (10?9 M) from Experiments 1–2 was tested in both maturation and/or culture media of Experiment 3 (Control, IVM + 10?9, IVC + 10?9, IVM /IVC + 10?9). In Experiment 1, maturated oocytes from Control and IVM + 10?9 treatments showed increased glutathione content, mitochondrial membrane potential and percentage of Grade I blastocysts (40.6% and 43%, respectively). In Experiment 2, an increase in the percentage of Grade I blastocysts was detected in IVC + 10?7 (43.5%; 56.7%) and IVC + 10?9 (47.4%; 57.4%). Moreover, a lower number and percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts were observed in the IVC + 10?9 group compared to Control (3.8 ± 0.6; 3.6% versus 6.1 ± 0.6; 5.3%). In Experiment 3, the IVC + 10?9 treatment increased percentage of Grade I blastocysts with a lower number of apoptotic cells compared to IVM /IVC + 10?9 group (52.6%; 3.0 ± 0.5 versus 46.0%; 5.4 ± 1.0). The IVC + 10?9 treatment also had a higher mRNA expression of antioxidant gene (SOD 2) compared to the Control, as well as the heat shock protein (HSPB 1) compared to the IVM + 10?9. Reactive oxygen species production was greater in the IVM /IVC + 10?9 treatment group. In conclusion, the 10?9 M concentration of melatonin and the in vitro production phase in which it is used directly affected embryonic development and quality. 相似文献
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Pascal P. Okwiri Ojwang’ Rob Melis Josephine M. Songa Mwangi Githiri Charles Bett 《Euphytica》2009,170(3):383-393
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legume crop in Kenya. It is cultivated across a wide range of agro-ecologies which include high
potential and marginal areas. Eastern Kenya alone, largely semi-arid, accounts for 35% of the country’s total bean production.
Bean farmers mainly small-scale have limited access to quality seed, chemical pesticides and fertilizer. Therefore, bean yield
under on-farm conditions still remains below 500 kg ha−1 while the potential is about 1,200 kg ha−1 under semi-arid conditions. To asses the farmers’ views on bean varieties and a key insect pest and associated constraints
contributing to yield loss, research was undertaken. The research included survey to quantify the yield loss and Participatory
Rural Appraisal to determine the level of adoption and criteria for variety choice in semi-arid eastern Kenya (SAEK). The
results show that farmers consider drought and insect pest problems as main causes for low yields. The adoption rate for improved
varieties is high but self sufficiency in beans stands at 23% in the dry transitional (DT) agro-ecology and at 18% in the
dry mid-altitude (DM) agro-ecology, respectively. This could be attributed to low adaptability since most of the improved
varieties grown were selected for high potential areas but now found in marginal areas. Drought, earliness, yield stability,
and insect pest resistance are the main reasons for choice of varieties by farmers. Bean fly (Ophiomyia sp.) was identified as one of the key crop pests of beans limiting yield. Besides, African bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and bean aphid (Aphis fabae) were ranked higher. Due to limitations of the conventional breeding approach, a participatory plant breeding approach is
suggested so as to provide an opportunity to develop insect pest resistant varieties adapted to the SAEK region. 相似文献
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Quadratic fitting was used to regress semen characteristics of 1441 samples consisting of 12‐month collection from 58 Duroc boars against animal age varied from 10 to 80 months. Data was divided into two groups of cool (14.0–22.7°C, RH 81.5%) and hot season (22.9–29.9°C, RH 86.6%), to test effects of age, season and their interactions. Results revealed that young boars of around 1 year old could endure the hot season. The endurance gradually diminished as animals grew. In the hot season animals exhibited peak performance at age around 33 month and it remained for 1 month, while cool‐season kept boars could last for 48 months from 16 months old onward. The reproductive longevity should be 51 month in a subtropical environment and it may extend to 70 month if heat stress can be avoided. The estimated total sperm contribution of a Duroc boar would be 1.8 times more when kept below 22°C than in a natural subtropical environment. It is concluded that to maintain Duroc boars as semen donor to at least 4 years of age is feasible in a subtropical environment and boar longevity could reach 6 years old if well kept in a temperate region. 相似文献
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笋用竹害虫天敌资源研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文报道了浙江省笋用竹害虫天敌资源调查的结果,共查明天敌资源44种,经鉴定属于螳螂目1科2种,半翅目1科2种,蛇蛉目1科1种,脉翅目1科2种,鞘翅目2科9种,双翅目2科2种,膜翅目9科22种;蛛形纲蜱螨目1科1种,蜘蛛目3科3种,指出了天敌的寄主和分布。 相似文献
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