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排序方式: 共有453条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Kanako Muta Takako Miyabe‐Nishiwaki Kenichi Masui Isao Yajima Tomoya Iizuka Akihisa Kaneko Ryohei Nishimura 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2021,44(1):18-27
The objectives of this study were (a) to establish a population pharmacokinetic model and (b) to investigate the clinical and physiological effects of a single bolus dose of propofol in common marmosets. In Study 1, pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in six marmosets under sevoflurane anaesthesia. 8 mg/kg of propofol was administrated at a rate of 4 mg kg?1 min?1. Blood samples were collected 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 or 180 min after starting propofol administration. Plasma concentration was measured, and population pharmacokinetic modelling was performed. A two‐compartment model was selected as the final model. The population pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: V1 = 1.14 L, V2 = 77.6 L, CL1 = 0.00182 L/min, CL2 = 0.0461 L/min. In Study 2, clinical and physiological parameters were assessed and recorded every 2 min after 12 mg/kg of propofol was administrated at a rate of 4 mg kg?1 min?1. Immobilization was sustained for 5 min following propofol administration without apparent bradycardia. While combination of propofol and sevoflurane caused apnoea in Study 1, apnoea was not observed following single administration of propofol in Study 2. These data provide bases for further investigation on intravenous anaesthesia using propofol in common marmosets. 相似文献
2.
Sakagami N Umeki H Nishino O Uchiyama H Ichikawa K Takeshita K Kaneko E Akiyama K Kobayashi S Tamada H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(1):140-146
The objective of this study was to examine whether high concentrations of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and/or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) would have a beneficial effect on bovine embryo development in vitro and to obtain normal calves by using an ovum pick up method and embryo culture in a chemically defined medium. When compared with controls, EGF (100 or 200 ng/ml) or IGF-I (50 or 100 ng/ml) significantly increased the rate of embryos that developed into blastocysts during an 8-day culture after the in vitro fertilization of oocytes obtained from ovaries from a slaughterhouse. IGF-I induced a dose-dependent increase in cell number in both the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm, whereas EGF stimulated proliferation only in the inner cell mass. A combination of EGF (100 ng/ml) and IGF-I (50 ng/ml) produced an additive effect, and embryos developed into blastocysts at a comparatively high rate (27.9%) compared with controls (12.0%). A similar rate of development was achieved using a combination of EGF and IGF-I in the culture of embryos following ovum pick up by ultrasound-guided transvaginal follicular aspiration and in vitro fertilization, and 5 blastocysts that developed after the culture were transferred into uteri; two embryos implanted, and normal calves were born. These results suggest that the combined use of EGF and IGF-I makes bovine embryo culture in a chemically defined medium a practical and useful procedure for producing blastocysts, and its application to embryo culture following ovum pick up and in vitro fertilization could be useful for producing normal calves. 相似文献
3.
Hiromitsu Kisanuki Hisae Oguro Arisa Nakai Suzuki Setsuko Naoyuki Nishimura Nobuhiro Tomaru 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(2):143-146
We studied seed bank formation of the threatened star magnolia, Magnolia stellata, to examine the early stage of regeneration. Forty-five seedling plots (2 × 2 m), each including a soil-sampling quadrat
(40 × 40 cm), were established randomly under or around the crowns of mature M. stellata trees. Seeds of M. stellata were collected from each quadrat to a depth of 5 cm. Only four seeds of M. stellata were found (0.56 seeds/m2) and all were located under mature crowns. Current-year seedlings were abundant in water channels, on moss, or under mature
crowns, suggesting that the seeds may require wet soil conditions for germination. Magnolia stellata seeds show considerable germination below the crowns of mature trees in the year following masting, while some seeds remain
dormant in the soil. Considering the soil seed bank and the current-year seedling bank of M. stellata, a frequent supply of seed is essential for the regeneration of this species. Thus, it is important to maintain mature trees
in addition to promoting seed production. 相似文献
4.
Okada Y Iimure T Takoi K Kaneko T Kihara M Hayashi K Ito K Sato K Takeda K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(4):1458-1464
The foam stability of beer is one of the important key factors in evaluating the quality of beer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of malt modification (degradation of protein, starch, and so on) and the beer foam stability. This was achieved by examining foam-promoting proteins using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE). We found that the foam stability of beer samples brewed from the barley malts of cultivars B and C decreased as the level of malt modification increased; however, the foam stability of cultivar A did not change. To identify the property providing the increased foam stability of cultivar A, we analyzed beer proteins using 2DE. We analyzed three fractions that could contain beer foam-promoting proteins, namely, beer whole proteins, salt-precipitated proteins, and the proteins concentrated from beer foam. As a result, we found that in cultivar A, some protein spots did not change in any of these three protein fractions even when the level of malt modification increased, although the corresponding protein spots in cultivars B and C decreased. We analyzed these protein spots by peptide mass finger printing using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. As a result, all of these spots were identified as barley dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor-I (BDAI-I). These results suggest that BDAI-I is an important contributor to beer foam stability. 相似文献
5.
(-) Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), an active ingredient extracted from the Garcinia cambogia fruit rind, has been commonly used as a dietary supplement for weight management. Given the controversy over HCA related testicular toxicity in animal studies, we investigated changes in serum sex hormones levels as an extension of our previous double-blind placebo-controlled trial in human subjects, in which 44 participants received either G. cambogia extract (1667.3 mg/day equivalent to 1000 mg HCA/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Compared to the placebo group, administration of the extract did not significantly alter the serum testosterone, estrone, and estradiol levels. Similarly, hematology, serum triacylglycerol and serum clinical pathology parameters did not reveal any significant adverse effects. The results of this preliminary investigation indicate that ingestion of G. cambogia extract at dose levels commonly recommended for human use does not affect serum sex hormone levels and blood parameters. 相似文献
6.
Yoshiaki Nakagawa Yoshihiro Soya Katsumi Nakai Nobuhiro Oikawa Keiichiro Nishimura Tamio Ueno Toshio Fujita Norio Kurihara 《Pest management science》1995,43(4):339-345
The ability to stimulate N-acetylglucosamine (GluNAc) incorporation in-vitro of a number of N-tert-butyl-N,N′-dibenzoylhydrazines having various substituents on both phenyl rings was measured in cultured integument excised from the rice stem borer (Chilo suppressalis Walker). The relationship between in-vitro and larvicidal potency was approximately linear. The substituent effects on variations in the potency were similar between in-vitro and larvicidal activities. An inhibitor of oxidative detoxication, piperonyl butoxide, had no synergistic effects on the in-vitro potency. The ability of some dibenzoylhydrazines to inhibit GluNAc incorporation at exposure periods longer than the optimum for stimulation was also measured in a similar cultured integument system. The relationship between the inhibitory and stimulatory potency indices was linear, indicating that the larvicidal activity of dibenzoylhydrazines is closely related to its ability to stimulate as well as to inhibit GluNAc incorporation into the larval cuticle. 相似文献
7.
8.
Management of bakanae and bacterial seedling blight diseases in nurseries by irradiating rice seeds with atmospheric plasma 下载免费PDF全文
A. Ochi H. Konishi S. Ando K. Sato K. Yokoyama S. Tsushima S. Yoshida T. Morikawa T. Kaneko H. Takahashi 《Plant pathology》2017,66(1):67-76
The control of seedborne rice seedling diseases in the seed beds is important to avoid epidemics in rice nurseries and paddies, which may result in severe yield loss. Recently, irradiation with plasma containing electrons, creating positive or negative ions and neutral species, has been shown to have an antimicrobial effect, probably via generation of reactive oxygen species. This study examines whether two seedborne rice seedling diseases, bakanae disease caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium fujikuroi, and bacterial seedling blight caused by Burkholderia plantarii, are suppressed by irradiation of infected rice seeds with atmospheric plasma. Seed germination and seedling growth were not inhibited in plasma‐treated healthy seeds. When F. fujikuroi‐infected rice seeds were irradiated with plasma after being immersed in sterile distilled water, bakanae disease severity index and the percentage of plants with symptoms were reduced to 18.1% and 7.8% of non‐irradiated control, respectively, depending on the duration of plasma irradiation. The bacterial seedling blight disease index was also reduced by plasma irradiation in vacuum‐inoculated seeds to 38.6% of the non‐irradiated control, and in infected seeds harvested from spray‐inoculated heads of rice plants to 40.1% of the control. Therefore, plasma irradiation seems to be effective in controlling two independent seedborne rice seedling diseases. 相似文献
9.
Kikuchi K Kaneko H Nakai M Noguchi J Ozawa M Ohnuma K Kashiwazaki N 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2006,52(1):51-57
We evaluated the developmental ability of oocytes in porcine primordial follicles xenografted into nude mice. Ovarian tissues from 20-day-old piglets, in which most of the follicles were primordial, were transplanted under the kidney capsules of ovariectomized nude mice. Forty-nine to 89 days after grafting (mean +/- SEM, 66.9 +/- 1.9 days; n = 64), the host mice showed the presence of cornified epithelial cells in their vaginal smears for the first time. The mice were then treated with 4 IU of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) 60 days after first detection of vaginal cornification. Oocytes were collected from the host mice 48 h after treatment with eCG, and then matured. The maturation rates, based on the incidence of first polar body, ranged from 25.1% to 42.5%. They were then fertilized in vitro and cultured in vitro for 6 days, or transferred into estrous-synchronized recipients and recovered after 6 days. On Day 6 of culture, 15.4% of the matured oocytes had cleaved to the 2- to 8-cell stage. However, neither the embryos cultured in vitro nor those transferred and recovered developed to advanced embryonic stages, such as morulae or blastocysts. This result suggests that the developmental ability of xenografted oocytes is insufficient, even after in vitro maturation. Further strategies, such as improvement of hormonal treatment for host mice, are required to enable oocytes in xenografted ovarian tissues to acquire the cytoplasmic maturation necessary for embryonic development. 相似文献
10.
K Kikuchi N Kashiwazaki T Nagai M Nakai T Somfai J Noguchi H Kaneko 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(S2):401-406
In vitro fertilization (IVF) of in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes in pigs has become the most popular method of studying gametogenesis and embryogenesis in this species. Furthermore, because of recent advances in in vitro culture (IVC) of IVM–IVF embryos, in vitro production (IVP) of embryos now enables us to generate viable embryos as successfully as for in vivo -derived embryos and with less cost and in less time. These technologies contribute not only to developments in reproductive physiology and agriculture but also to the conservation of porcine genetic resources and the production of cloned or genetically modified pigs. However, in IVP, there still remains the problem of abnormal ploidy, which is caused by performing procedures under non-physiological conditions. In recent years, unique technologies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or xenografting of gonadal tissue into immunodeficient experimental animals have been developed to help conserve gamete resources. These technologies combined with IVP are expected to be useful for the conservation of gametes from important genetic resources. Here, we discuss the developmental ability and normality of porcine IVP embryos and also the utilization of ICSI and xenografting in advancing biotechnology in pigs. 相似文献