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排序方式: 共有71条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
D M Clark M Kostolich D Mosier 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,194(1):67-68
A 7-year-old spayed German Shorthaired Pointer was determined to have a branchial cyst in the subcutaneous tissues of the cervical/facial area. Treatment had been attempted by aspiration and placement of drains, but without success; the final diagnosis was made after microscopic examination of the wall of the excised cyst. The means by which fluctuant swellings in this region may be differentiated are anatomic location and examination of full-thickness biopsy specimens of cyst walls. 相似文献
2.
S.K. Weldon D.A. Mosier K.R. Simons R.C. Craven A.W. Confer 《Veterinary microbiology》1994,40(3-4):283-291
To identify antigens which may be important for stimulating immunity to pneumonic pasteurellosis, a bovine antiserum to whole P. haemolytica was used to screen a recombinant lambda gt11/P. haemolytica expression library. One of the recombinant bacteriophage clones identified with the bovine antiserum, SW20C, expressed a fusion protein which was also recognized by rabbit antiserum to partially purified P. haemolytica culture supernatant and was found to be immunogenic in guinea pigs. The guinea pig antibody recognized a 100 kDa protein in P. haemolytica cell lysates. Sequence analysis of the cloned DNA from SW20C identified a fragment of 1443 bp with a small open reading frame that was contiguous with the lacZ sequence. The 153 bp P. haemolytica-specific open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of approximately 6kDa. Homology searches of Genbank and the EMBL data bases revealed no homology of this open reading frame with any other bacterial sequences including P. haemolytica leukotoxin and Ssa1. Evaluation of sera from calves that were scored either susceptible or resistant to experimental pneumonic pasteurellosis demonstrated a significant (P < 0.001) correlation between the intensity of the antibody response to the SW20C antigen and resistance to disease. 相似文献
3.
A laboratory investigation was performed to compare the fluxes of dinitrogen (N2), N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) from no-till (NT) and conventional till (CT) soils under the same water, mineral nitrogen and temperature status. Intact soil cores (0-10 cm) were incubated for 2 weeks at 25 °C at either 75% or 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS) with 15N-labeled fertilizers (100 mg N kg−1 soil). Gas and soil samples were collected at 1-4 day intervals during the incubation period. The N2O and CO2 fluxes were measured by a gas chromatography (GC) system while total N2 and N2O losses and their 15N mole fractions in the soil mineral N pool were determined by a mass spectrometer. The daily accumulative fluxes of N2 and N2O were significantly affected by tillage, N source and soil moisture. We observed higher (P<0.05) fluxes of N2+N2O, N2O and CO2 from the NT soils than from the CT soils. Compared with the addition of nitrate (NO3−), the addition of ammonium (NH4+) enhanced the emissions of these N and C gases in the CT and NT soils, but the effect of NH4+ on the N2 and/or N2O fluxes was evident only at 60% WFPS, indicating that nitrification and subsequent denitrification contributed largely to the gaseous N losses and N2O emission under the lower moisture condition. Total and fertilizer-induced emissions of N2 and/or N2O were higher (P<0.05) at 75% WFPS than with 60% WFPS, while CO2 fluxes were not influenced by the two moisture levels. These laboratory results indicate that there is greater potential for N2O loss from NT soils than CT soils. Avoiding wet soil conditions (>60% WFPS) and applying a NO3− form of N fertilizer would reduce potential N2O emissions from arable soils. 相似文献
4.
Evolution of dinitrogen and nitrous oxide from the soil to the atmosphere through rice plants 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
Mosier A. R. Mohanty S. K. Bhadrachalam A. Chakravorti S. P. 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1990,9(1):61-67
Summary It is commonly assumed that a large fraction of fertilizer N applied to a rice (Oryza sativa L.) field is lost from the soil-water-plant system as a result of denitrification. Direct evidence to support this view, however, is limited. The few direct field, denitrification gas measurements that have been made indicate less N loss than that determined by 15N balance after the growing season. One explanation for this discrepancy is that the N2 produced during denitrification in a flooded soil remains trapped in the soil system and does not evolve to the atmosphere until the soil dries or is otherwise disturbed. It seems likely, however, that N2 produced in the soil uses the rice plants as a conduit to the atmosphere, as does methane. Methane evolution from a rice field has been demonstrated to occur almost exclusively through the rice plants themselves. A field study in Cuttack, India, and a greenhouse study in Fort Collins, Colorado, were conducted to determine the influence of rice plants on the transport of N2 and N2O from the soil to the atmosphere. In these studies, plots were fertilized with 75 or 99 atom % 15N-urea and 15N techniques were used to monitor the daily evolution of N2 and N2O. At weekly intervals the amount of N2+N2O trapped in the flooded soil and the total-N and fertilized-N content of the soil and plants were measured in the greenhouse plots. Direct measurement of N2+N2O emission from field and greenhouse plots indicated that the young rice plant facilitates the efflux of N2 and N2O from the soil to the atmosphere. Little N gas was trapped in the rice-planted soils while large quantities were trapped in the unplanted soils. N losses due to denitrification accounted for only up to 10% of the loss of added N in planted soils in the field or greenhouse. The major losses of fertilizer N from both the field and greenhouse soils appear to have been the result of NH3 volatilization. 相似文献
5.
6.
C G MacAllister D Mosier C W Qualls R L Cowell 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1990,196(12):1995-1998
The primary hematologic abnormalities in 2 adult horses with chronic weight loss were hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. One horse was anemic, had subclinical disseminated intravascular coagulation, and prolonged plasma sulfobromophthalein half-life. Small-intestinal dysfunction with malabsorption was indicated by abnormal D-xylose absorption test results. Clinicopathologic and pathologic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of malabsorption and protein-losing enteropathy, attributable to lymphocytic and plasmacytic infiltration of the intestine. 相似文献
7.
B A Lessley A W Confer D A Mosier M J Gentry J A Durham J A Rummage 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1985,10(2-3):279-296
Saline extracts of logarithmic-phase Pasteurella haemolytica, serotype 1, were separated by chromatofocusing. The resulting fractions were analyzed by immunodiffusion and an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, and six antigen groups (AG's) were identified. AG 1 did not bind to the column, AG's 2, 3 and 4 were eluted with a decreasing pH gradient, and AG's 5 and 6 were eluted with an increasing NaC1 gradient. Fractions containing each AG were pooled and further purified by gel filtration. The AG's were subsequently characterized as to protein, carbohydrate and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctanate (KDO) content. AG's 1, 5, and 6 had higher carbohydrate contents than AG's 2, 3 and 4. Only AG 5 contained detectable levels of KDO. The AG's were also analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. Each AG produced a characteristic pattern of proteins and antigens, although two antigenic proteins were common to all AG's. AG 1 contained the greatest number of antigenic proteins. Immunization of mice with each AG in Freund's incomplete adjuvant resulted in a strong antibody response to the homologous AG for four of the six AG's. Limited protection against a P. haemolytica challenge was observed in mice that were immunized with AG 2 or 4. 相似文献
8.
Use of computed tomography to evaluate pathologic changes in the lungs of calves with experimentally induced respiratory tract disease 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lubbers BV Apley MD Coetzee JF Mosier DA Biller DS Mason DE Henao-Guerrero PN 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(11):1259-1264
OBJECTIVE: To optimize methods for the use of computed tomography (CT) to assess pathologic changes in the lungs of calves and to determine the effect of treatment on lung consolidation. ANIMALS: 10 male Holstein calves. PROCEDURES: Calves were anesthetized to facilitate CT imaging of the thorax. After initial images were obtained, pneumonia was induced in the calves by inoculation through a bronchoscope. Two calves were used in a preliminary study to refine the inoculation dose and optimize CT images. Four calves were administered florfenicol and 4 calves were untreated control animals. Serial images were obtained 24, 48, and 72 hours after inoculation. After final images were obtained, calves were euthanized, and lung consolidation was estimated by use of lung surface area scoring and water displacement. These estimates were compared with estimated lung consolidation obtained by use of CT. RESULTS: Calves had rapid disease progression. Percentage of lung consolidation was not significantly different between treatment groups for any of the estimation methods. Results of an ANOVA of the 3 assessment methods indicated significant differences among methods. Estimates of the percentage of lung consolidation obtained by use of surface area scoring and CT correlated well, whereas water displacement estimates correlated poorly with other methods of consolidation estimation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Because of the correlation with other methods for estimation of lung consolidation, CT has the potential to be used to monitor disease progression in calves with experimentally induced respiratory tract disease. 相似文献
9.
Grant RM Hamer D Hope T Johnston R Lange J Lederman MM Lieberman J Miller CJ Moore JP Mosier DE Richman DD Schooley RT Springer MS Veazey RS Wainberg MA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5888):532-534
After disappointing results from all efficacy trials conducted to date, the field of microbicides research now faces substantial challenges. Poor coordination among interested parties and the choice of nonvalidated scientific targets for phase III studies have hampered progress and created mistrust about the use of microbicides as a method to prevent HIV-1 sexual transmission. Although new promising strategies are available, there will need to be serious reappraisals of how decisions are made to advance the next generations of candidates into clinical trials, and the use of appropriate animal models in this process will be critical. 相似文献
10.
Prevention of vaginal SHIV transmission in rhesus macaques through inhibition of CCR5 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lederman MM Veazey RS Offord R Mosier DE Dufour J Mefford M Piatak M Lifson JD Salkowitz JR Rodriguez B Blauvelt A Hartley O 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5695):485-487
Topical agents, such as microbicides, that can protect against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission are urgently needed. Using a chimeric simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV SF162), which is tropic for the chemokine receptor CCR5, we report that topical application of high doses of PSC-RANTES, an amino terminus-modified analog of the chemokine RANTES, provided potent protection against vaginal challenge in rhesus macaques. These experimental findings have potentially important implications for understanding vaginal transmission of HIV and the design of strategies for its prevention. 相似文献