兽药产品批准文号申报核发及管理有关问题探讨

兽药产品批准文号管理是我国控制兽药市场准入的前置性管理模式,本文就目前兽药产品批准文号申报、核发及管理中存在的一些问题进行了分析,对企业申报兽药产品批准文号时的注意事项进行了阐述。     

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and chemometrics to identify pine nuts that cause taste disturbance

Nontargeted 400 MHz (13)C and (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used in the context of food surveillance to reveal Pinus species whose nuts cause taste disturbance following their consumption, the so-called pine nut syndrome (PNS). Using principal component analysis, three groups of pine nuts were distinguished. PNS-causing products were found in only one of the groups, which however also included some normal products. Sensory analysis was still required to confirm PNS, but NMR allowed the sorting of 53% of 57 samples, which belong to the two groups not containing PNS species. Furthermore, soft independent modeling of class analogy was able to classify the samples between the three groups. NMR spectroscopy was judged as suitable for the screening of pine nuts for PNS. This process may be advantageous as a means of importation control that will allow the identification of samples suitable for direct clearance and those that require further sensory analysis.     

Qualitative and quantitative control of carbonated cola beverages using ¹H NMR spectroscopy

1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy (400 MHz) was used in the context of food surveillance to develop a reliable analytical tool to differentiate brands of cola beverages and to quantify selected constituents of the soft drinks. The preparation of the samples required only degassing and addition of 0.1% of TSP in D?O for locking and referencing followed by adjustment of pH to 4.5. The NMR spectra obtained can be considered as "fingerprints" and were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA). Clusters from colas of the same brand were observed, and significant differences between premium and discount brands were found. The quantification of caffeine, acesulfame-K, aspartame, cyclamate, benzoate, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), sulfite ammonia caramel (E 150D), and vanillin was simultaneously possible using external calibration curves and applying TSP as internal standard. Limits of detection for caffeine, aspartame, acesulfame-K, and benzoate were 1.7, 3.5, 0.8, and 1.0 mg/L, respectively. Hence, NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometrics is an efficient tool for simultaneous identification of soft drinks and quantification of selected constituents.     

恩拉霉素的研究进展

概述了恩拉霉素的理化特性、药效学、毒理学和临床应用研究进展,展望了今后恩拉霉素的研究方向.     

部分国家和地区猪链球菌的耐药性及耐药机制研究进展

猪链球菌病作为一种具有重要公共卫生意义的疾病,其防治一直是人们关注的焦点。为了了解猪链球菌对于各种抗生素的耐药情况以及耐药机制的研究进展,作者查阅了相关资料,对部分国家和地区进行的相关研究进行综述,以期对耐药性和耐药机制的研究以及临床用药有所帮助。     

猪细小病毒基因组结构及检测技术研究进展

猪细小病毒是引起母猪繁殖障碍性疾病的主要病原体之一,对猪细小病毒的基因组、转录、编码的结构蛋白和非结构蛋白、转录的调控及血清学诊断、分子生物学检测技术方面的研究进展予以综述,以期对其进一步研究有参考价值。     

关于加强我国兽药监管体系建设的思考

《农产品质量安全法》的颁布和实施，标志着我国农产品质量安全监管工作进入新阶段，兽药作为保障动物性产品安全的农产品生产过程中的重要投入品，其监管工作尤其令人关注。作者曾在基层挂职从事兽药监管工作，对我国兽药监管体系建设，尤其是市县级兽药监管现状十分担忧。特撰文阐述了兽药及兽药监管工作的重要性，分析了目前我国兽药及监督管理体系现状、面临的任务及存在问题，指出了我国市县级兽药监管系统存在监管主体不明确、监管体系不健全、行政管理和执法能力较弱、经费保障机制不到位、队伍素质不高、宣传培训不够等问题，并对此提出了解决问题的建议与对策。各级农牧部门应借兽医管理体制改革的东风，加强监督管理体系建设，进一步加强兽药监督队伍建设，加大兽药监督工作的经费支持力度，切实加强兽药监督管理工作。[编者按]     

我国兽用转基因微生物产品的安全评价

转基因生物是指通过基因操作技术对遗传物质（DNA）进行重组、修饰,从而改变基因组构成的动物、植物、微生物。动物用转基因微生物产品主要是指经过人工修饰基因的疫苗、诊断试剂和饲料添加微生物。转基因技术打破了异种微生物之间天然杂交的屏障,实现了微生物间的基因转移,获得了新的生物学性状。基因重组技术为人类有效的利用微生物的遗传特性,