不同辣椒种质对象耳豆根结线虫的抗性评价

近年来象耳豆根结线虫的危害日益严重.为筛选抗象耳豆根结线虫的辣椒种质,本试验利用种属特异性引物对根结线虫病原物开展分子鉴定,确定为象耳豆根结线虫.接着采用室内人工接种法,对10份一年生辣椒种质和10份中国辣椒种质进行象耳豆根结线虫抗性鉴定,计算根结指数和卵粒指数,并通过比较隶属函数,发现其中3份辣椒种质对象耳豆根结线虫表现为高抗,抗病性最强的是L518M和L525-1M,L42M次之;10份表现为中抗;7份表现为感病,抗病能力最弱的是L69-1M;未发现免疫品种.本研究发现中国辣椒种质的抗病性整体高于一年生辣椒,是重要的抗病种质来源,可用于象耳豆根结线虫抗病育种和后续抗病机理的研究.     

Leaf carbohydrates assimilation and metabolism affect seed yield of rapeseed with different waterlogging tolerance under the interactive effects of nitrogen and waterlogging

Waterlogging is a main factor causing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield loss, and reasonable nitrogen (N) applications can compensate for this loss. To investigate the effects of N rates on seed yield of waterlogged rapeseed, the waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed variety ZS 9 and sensitive variety GH01 were waterlogged for 0 and 10 days with five leaves at the seedling stage under four N rates (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha). Waterlogging significantly decreased seed yield, while N application can alleviate the yield loss. The yield decrease rate of waterlogged GH01 was greater than that of ZS 9 under the same N rate. During the seedling and bolting stage, the leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity increased, while activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) decreased with more N under the same watering conditions. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the leaf Pn and Rubisco activity, starch and sucrose contents of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the two stages; activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the seedling while increased at the bolting stage for both the two varieties. At the flowering stage, the Pn, the activities of Rubisco, AGPase, SuSy, SPS and contents of sucrose, starch increased with more N application for both ZS 9 and GH01. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the Pn and Rubisco activity for waterlogged plants of the two varieties increased; the waterlogged plants of tolerant variety had higher activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS, while those of sensitive variety was significantly lower. However, the decreased starch and sucrose content were found in both tolerant and sensitive varieties. The activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS at flowering were highly positively correlated with yield under the interactive effects of N and waterlogging. These results suggested that the flowering stage is the most important stage that N had the positive regulation on waterlogged rapeseed growth. The carbohydrates translocation from leaves to seeds of the tolerant variety were enhanced after waterlogging, while that of the sensitive variety was still inhibited. This was the main reason for the difference in yield between the two waterlogged varieties.     

云南省牛流行性出血病血清学调查

为了解牛流行性出血病(epidemic hemorrhagic disease,EHD)在云南省的流行和分布情况,采用竞争ELISA方法,2019年对11个县市的1 199份牛血清进行流行性出血病病毒(epidemic hemorrhagic disease virus,EHDV)抗体检测,同时从各县市检测出的阳性血清中,随机选取18～50份通过微量血清中和试验进行血清型鉴定。结果显示:云南省11个县市均检测出EHDV抗体阳性样品,阳性率介于49.3%～91.3%,平均为81.8%;各地普遍存在3个及以上血清型,其中EHDV-7、-10、-6、-5血清型检出率较高,EHDV-8、-2血清型检出率较低,未检出EHDV-1型。结果表明,EHD在云南省流行广泛且较严重,流行血清型复杂。结果提示,需持续开展EHDV血清学监测,重视对该病的防控。此次血清学调查为我国西南地区EHD防控提供了数据参考。     

基于森林健康理念的森林康养产业发展研究

阐述了森林健康理念和森林康养的基本概念,介绍了森林健康理念和森林康养的发展现状,分析了森林健康与森林康养产业之间的关系。结果表明:森林康养产业的理论基础就是基于森林健康理念继承发展来的,必然会促进森林健康产业的发展。运用森林健康理念指导森林康养产业发展是森林康养产业可持续发展的有效途径,森林健康理念在中国会不断完善和发展,也更有利于中国森林康养产业的发展。展望康养产业,会形成一种新的经济形态,成为国民福祉。     

耐盐抗旱优质高产棉花新品种‘衡棉1670’的选育研究

抗逆优质丰产棉花新品种的培育及应用是当前棉花生产节水提质增效的关键。‘衡棉1670’是河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所以中早熟陆地棉品种资源材料‘衡棉210’为母本,以‘衡棉4号’为父本杂交,后代多年南繁北育,经旱棚盐池鉴定选择,在枯黄萎病混生重病地、不防治棉铃虫的高压胁迫下,经过多年连续定向选择育成。其突出表现为抗枯黄萎病、丰产优质、耐盐抗旱节水,适宜在河北省及黄河流域同类生态春播棉区推广种植,2019年8月通过河北省农作物品种审定委员会审定（审定编号为冀审棉20190013）。     

DEGDA／HPA厌氧胶配方的优化试验

本文介绍了以一缩二乙二醇丙烯酸双酯(简称一缩双酯,DEGDA)和丙烯酸β-羟丙酯(简称羟丙酯,HPA)为单体,以N,N-二甲基苯胺/糖精为促进剂/助促进剂或仅用三氯乙酸作促进剂来配制厌氧胶粘剂(厌氧胶)的优化配方试验.所得厌氧胶综合性能良好,通过优化试验结果得知的规律性认识有一定意义.     

一种新型微生态保健品在兽医临床中的应用研究

利用一种微生态保健品和3种抗菌素药物，即氟哌酸、氯霉素、庆大霉素在兽医临床上用于治疗仔猪黄白痢，断奶猪的应激性腹泻，肥猪及母猪的腹泻作了对比试验，结果表明：微生态保健品对仔猪黄痢的治愈率为93％，对仔猪白痢的治愈率为95％，对断奶仔猪的应激性腹泻治愈率为94％，对肥猪及母猪的腹泻治愈率为100％。与氟哌酸、庆大霉素的疗效比较，差异显著（P＜0．05）；与氯霉素比较差异极显著（P＜0．01）．     

番荔枝品种选育和栽培生理研究进展

概述了热带果树番荔枝（Ａｎｎｏｎａ ｓｐｐ．）在选种育种和栽培生理方面的研究进展，包括种质资源，实生树和砧木选种，杂交育种，人工授粉，产期调节以及温度、水分、矿质元素等生态因子对番荔枝生长发育的影响，并就国内番荔枝研究的发展方向进行了探讨。     

北京黑猪和长白猪脂肪代谢的比较

猪在断奶后的生长期内,体内脂肪逐渐增加,和其它家畜相比,猪更倾向沉积体脂。但猪体脂的沉积还要受遗传、年龄、日粮营养水平等因素的影响。在饲粮消化能量(DE)水平保持在3000—3200Kcal/kg,蛋白质含量为14％—15％的饲养条件下,我们分别测定了纯系北京黑猪(肉脂兼用型,平均瘦肉率为51％)和纯系长白猪(瘦肉型猪、平均瘦肉率为62％)的某些脂肪合成酶活性和脂肪代谢的一些生化指标。北京黑猪(公母各半)脂肪组织(背膘)中苹果酸酶(ME),葡萄糖—6—磷酸脱氢酶(G—6—PDH),异柠檬酸脱氢酶(ICDH)三种NADPH—生成酶活性随体重增加而升高,差异极其显著(P<0.001)。体重90kg的酶活性比56kg约高三倍。脂纺组织中上述NADPH生成酶活性北京黑猪比长白猪(体重均为90kg,公母各半)高一倍(P<0.001)。给北京黑猪(30头,公母各半,起始体重为60kg)注谢重组猪生长激素(rPGH,每天每头2mg,连续注谢28天),除表现生长加快,脂肪率下降约21％—23％外,其脂肪组织中NADPH生成酶活性降低十分明显(P<0.001)。苹果酸酶,葡萄糖—6—磷酶脱氢酶,异柠檬酸脱氢酶,三种酶总活性比对照组降低20％。血精中三酰甘油,游离脂肪酸,总胆固醇,高密度脂蛋白(HDL)胆固醇、乳糜微粒,极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)胆固醇含量,6月龄时,北京黑猪明显高于长白猪(P<0.001—0.0005);而4月龄时,北京黑猪血清中三酰甘油,高密度脂蛋白胆固酶含量则均明显低于长白猪。北京黑猪血清中三酰甘油,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量,随月龄(4月龄—6月龄)增长而增加(P<0.0005)。而长白猪则相反,随月龄而呈下降趋势(P<0.05—0.0005)。两种猪的脂蛋白电泳和含量测定未见有年龄和品种间的差异。     

PEG诱导水分胁迫对柑桔幼苗细胞质膜透性及脯氨酸含量的影响

柑桔叶片相对含水量(RWC)随聚乙二醇(PEG)处理渗透势的降低而依次降低;叶片细胞质膜透性随PEG处理浓度的增加而依次增大;幼苗叶片累积脯氨酸的数量随水分胁迫时间和强度递增。