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排序方式: 共有634条查询结果,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
A minialurized method of determining the toxicity of pesticides to large numbers or soil mitroorganisms is described. Bacteria. actinomycetes, yeasts, fungi and algae can be used as test organisms. A modification of the method allows determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations of pesticides to specific microorganisms. Some results obtained with herbicides are presented. Microméthodex pour éprauver la toxicité des pesticides vis-á-vis des micro-organismes Une micromethode pour determiner la toxicité des pesticides vis-á-vis de nombreux micro-organismes du sol est décrite. Des bactéries. des actinomycetes, des levures. des champignons et des algues peuvent ëtre utilisés comme organismes-tesis. Une modifitation de la méthode permel les determinations des concentrations minimales inhibitrices des pesticides vis-á-vis des micro-organismes specifiques. Quelques resultats obtenus avec des herbicides sont présentés. Miniaturisierte Methoden zur Prüf'ung der Toxizitüt von Pflan- zenhehandlumgsmit teln auf Mikraorganismen Es wird einc miniaturisierte Methode zur BestimmungderToxi- zität von Pfianzenbehandlungsmitteln für groβe Zablen von Bodenmikroorganismen beschrieben, Als Testorganismen können Bakterien. Actinomyceten. Hefen, Pilze und Algen benutzi werden. Eine Modifizierung der Methode gestattet die Bestimmung der Minimum-Hemmkonzentration von Pflanzen- behandlungsmitteln auf spezielle Mikroorganismen. Einige Ergebnisse, die mit Herbiziden erarbeitel wurden. sind darge-stellt. 相似文献
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Rose Luiza Moraes Tavares Zigomar Menezes de Souza Diego Silva Siqueira Newton La Scala Júnior Alan Rodrigo Panosso 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(8):755-762
Sugarcane management systems affect soil attributes such as the carbon cycle. This fact has stimulated the sugar and alcohol industry to refine the sugarcane production systems by replacing the pre-harvest burning (PB) and manual harvest with mechanized harvesting followed by residue deposition. The aim of this study was to evaluate different management systems with respect to C cycling carbon dioxide and soil parameters (chemical, physical and biological) which were determined over the season. Three sugarcane cultivation systems were evaluated at the following periods: (a) PB, (b) 5-year green harvest and (c) 10-year green harvest. The results indicated that CO2 emission was 36% greater in the 10-year sugarcane green harvest system than in the PB system. The bulk density and macroporosity were the factors that were most affected by the different sugarcane management systems and that significantly influenced soil CO2 emissions. The principal component analysis showed that soil CO2 emission was 18% influenced by base saturation (V%) and 14% by pH, especially in the PB area. Additionally, 19% was affected by carbon and macroporosity in the 5- and 10-year green harvest areas, respectively. From our results, it can be concluded that the most CO2 emissions are in the areas of sugarcane green, this is due to the higher carbon concentration when compared with the area of burning sugarcane. The parameters that most influenced the CO2 emissions were bulk density, porosity, macroporosity, pH and V%. 相似文献
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La Bonnardière C Bonaiti B Abrial D Gasqui P Calavas D Ducrot C Barnouin J 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2007,78(1):67-78
The epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in France, as in the UK, has affected dairy cattle much more than beef cattle. However, the intensification of dairy herd management as a risk factor for BSE has not to date been analyzed. For this purpose, two databases were merged: the French Milk Records database, and the French BSE database, which can be considered as being devoid of notification bias since July 2001, when systematic tests were implemented. Only pure Holstein herds were considered, which represent the vast majority of total and BSE-affected dairy herds in France. A case-control study was designed so that 20 control herds were matched to each case herd according to the location of the farm and the year of birth of the index case. Three thousand and forty five farms were included, among which 145 with a BSE case notified between July 2001 and July 2003, and 2900 controls. With respect to the risk of BSE, odds ratios for each class of milk yield and age at first calving were estimated by using conditional logistic regression models with appropriate adjustments to herd size. The two main results were the following: firstly, whereas most Holstein herds, with average production between 7000 and 10,000kg, had nearly the same BSE risk, a small category of very intensive herds, with annual milk yields above 10,000kg, were significantly more at risk than the other herds. Secondly, a very early first calving (under 26 months of age) was found to be at risk for BSE as compared to other categories, independently of the milk yield. These results are discussed in the light of the known age-dependent susceptibility to BSE. 相似文献
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灌区蓝绿水资源与作物生产水足迹多时空分布量化分析 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
作物生产水足迹度量作物生产过程对不同类型水资源的消耗,为实现农业水资源管理与评价提供了更全面的新视角。该研究通过耦合土壤水分动态平衡模块,考虑输配水损失,构建灌区蓝、绿水资源与作物生产水足迹多时间尺度分布式量化模型;以宝鸡峡灌区为例,定量评价不同典型年灌区蓝绿水资源与作物生产水足迹多时间尺度演变规律。结果表明:宝鸡峡灌区蓝绿水资源总量在2008-2017年呈上升趋势。各作物对绿水资源利用效率均持续上升,而小麦蓝水资源利用效率呈下降趋势;玉米、小麦生产总水足迹整体呈上升趋势,多年平均值分别为573和779 m3/t;作物生产绿水足迹在拔节-灌浆期占比较高,成熟期占比较低;作物生产水足迹在日尺度波动幅度最大;平水年、丰水年灌区用水存在不合理现象,枯水年作物生产单产水平最高,总水足迹最低,水资源利用效率最高。该研究所构建模型可移植适用于无排水渠系灌区水文模拟,准确量化灌区农业生产耗水,解析日-月尺度作物生产水足迹演变特征,有助于明确灌区作物耗水规律,进而高效利用绿水资源,合理配置蓝水资源,提高作物产量,实现高效生产。 相似文献
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Mariangela Marrelli Stefania La Grotteria Fabrizio Araniti Filomena Conforti 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2017,72(3):274-279
There is a great interest in the nutritional value of vegetables and fruits and how the habitat affects nutritive and biological properties. In vitro studies here reported were performed to evaluate the inhibitory activity of formulations from edible plant on pancreatic lipase. The aim of this study was also to evaluate the biovariability of L. comosa (L.) Parl. bulbs from Italy. The wild bulbs were compared with the same cultivated species that are commonly commercialized to identify samples with the best quality for a potential therapeutic application. Hydroalcoholic extract and polar fraction of wild bulbs showed a very important pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 0.166 ± 0.005 and 0.153 ± 0.005 mg/mL, respectively. In order to characterize the extracts, gas chromatography associated with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was performed, revealing the predominance of palmitic acid. Phenolic and flavonoid composition was also evaluated. L. comosa extract obtained from wild bulbs demonstrated both antioxidant and anti-obesity activities that might be attributed to a wide range of present phenolic compounds. 相似文献
10.
Spyra Marcin Kleemann Janina Cetin Nuket Ipek Vázquez Navarrete Cesar Jesús Albert Christian Palacios-Agundez Igone Ametzaga-Arregi Ibone La Rosa Daniele Rozas-Vásquez Daniel Adem Esmail Blal Picchi Paolo Geneletti Davide König Hannes J. Koo HongMi Kopperoinen Leena Fürst Christine 《Landscape Ecology》2019,34(7):1715-1735
Landscape Ecology - Several case studies investigated the role of ecosystem services in participatory planning processes. However, no systematic study exists that cuts across a large number of... 相似文献