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1.
Penta Pristijono Konstantinos Papoutsis Christopher J. Scarlett Michael C. Bowyer Quan V. Vuong Costas E. Stathopoulos 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(5):521-529
Mature green tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Neang Pich) were exposed to 13.6 kJ m?2 UV-C or 0.5 μL L?1 1-MCP or combination of 13.6 kJ m?2 UV-C and 0.5 μL L?1 1-MCP, with appropriate untreated controls. After treatment, tomatoes were stored in air containing 0.1 μL L?1 ethylene at 20°C and 100% RH. The untreated fruit ripened significantly faster than those of all other treatments. UV-C treatment alone was able to delay fruit ripening by up to 5 days longer compared to untreated fruits whilst the additional of 1-MCP further delayed fruit ripening. UV-C and 1-MCP treatments alone or in combination had significantly slower ethylene production rates throughout the storage period. The fruit treated with the combination of 1-MCP and UV-C was significantly firmer and had higher total phenolic content compared to that of the other treatments. However, there was no difference between treatments in soluble solids content/titratable acids ratio, chlorophyll content, lycopene content and total antioxidant activity. These results show that UV-C and 1-MCP treatment delay ripening and improve the quality of tomatoes in the presence of low-level ethylene during storage. This new treatment could be used to extend the shelf-life of mature green tomatoes through the supply chain without the use of refrigeration. 相似文献
2.
Tsiropoulos NG Miliadis GE Likas DT Liapis K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(26):10091-10096
Dissipation of the fungicide spiroxamine in grapes of two vine varieties, Roditis and Cabernet Sauvignon, exposed to field treatments was evaluated. Vines of a grape vineyard located in central Greece were sprayed once or twice with a commercial formulation of the fungicide at 30 g a.i./hL. Residues in grapes, must, and wine were determined by gas chromatography/IT-MS after extraction with cyclohexane-dichloromethane (9:1), with a limit of quantitation 0.02 mg/kg in grapes and 0.012 mg/kg in wine. Under field conditions, spiroxamine dissipation on grapes was faster during the first 2 weeks and then slower to the sixth week. About 7 days after application, half of the initial spiroxamine concentration remained on the grapes; the respective proportion at 42 days was about 10%. At 14 and 35 days, residues were lower than 0.44 and 0.22 mg/kg, respectively, values below the maximum residue levels set by the European Union (1 mg/kg). Spiroxamine residues transferred from grapes into the must and through the vinification process into the wine were also studied. Mean transfer factors of 0.26 and 0.55 were found from grapes into wine for the wines obtained without maceration and with maceration, respectively. Residues in wine, prepared from grapes with a spiroxamine content of 0.11-0.20 mg/kg, varied from <0.026 to 0.09 mg/kg. Spiroxamine diastereomer B was found to dissipate slower than diastereomer A in the field as well as during the vinification process. 相似文献
3.
Stergios Gakis Konstantinos Mantzanas Dimitrios Alifragis Vasilios P. Papanastasis Athanasios Papaioannou Dimosthenis Seilopoulos Panagiotis Platis 《Agroforestry Systems》2004,60(2):149-157
The interaction between understorey plants and trees in a young silvopastoral system was studied in a sub-humid Mediterranean
environment with cold winters in northern Greece. The experimental design was a split-split plot with three replications and
included: three understorey treatments (grass, legume and control), two tree species (Acer pseudoplatanus and Pinus sylvestris) and two spacings (2.5×2.5 m and 3.5×3.5 m). The competition between herbaceous plants and trees resulted in significant
differentiation in tree growth while their spacing did not produce any significant differences. The influence of trees on
herbage yield either by plant species or spacing was not significant. During the early stages of establishment, a significant
positive correlation was observed between sycamore growth and soil moisture, leaf weight, leaf area and leaf number as well
as nitrogen and potassium concentration in leaves. Six years after planting the height increase of the sycamore trees was
largest in the control treatment (415%), lowest in the grass treatment (134%) and intermediate (192%) in the legume treatment.
Much higher was the increase obtained for the diameter, 161%, 207% and 536% respectively for the grass, legume and control
treatments. The Scots pine trees grew faster than sycamore over the course of the experiment. Height increased by 397%, 351%
and 400% and diameter by 518%, 443% and 683% respectively for the grass, legume and control treatments.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Anastasia Poupkou Panagiotis Symeonidis Ioannis Ziomas Dimitrios Melas Konstantinos Markakis 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,182(1-4):335-348
ICP Forest Monitoring data collected for more than 10 years made it possible to analyse key factors responsible for changes in forest conditions on a regional European scale. Observation routines may vary between different countries, which makes it difficult to gain more insight into stress-effect relationships. The effects on defoliation of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) of air concentrations and wet deposition of acidifying compounds, as well as effects of meteorological, site, stand and tree variables were investigated in Lithuania to test the hypothesis that spatial and temporal changes in pine defoliation were closely associated with atmospheric inputs of acidity. Over the period 1994–2004 crown defoliation of more than 8,000 pine trees was monitored in totally 45 stands distributed among three National Parks, where Integrated Monitoring Stations were situated. Air concentrations of SO2, and $ {\text{SO}}^{{{\text{2 - }}}}_{{\text{4}}} $ and $ {\text{NH}}^{{\text{ + }}}_{{\text{4}}} $ deposition, as well as spring and summer precipitation and mean winter temperature were shown to be the key factors affecting defoliation. The acidifying compounds accounted for nearly 58% of the variance in pine defoliation. Meteorological factors increased the degree of explanation to 65%, and stand and site variables to 79%. 相似文献
5.
Hiller NL Bhattacharjee S van Ooij C Liolios K Harrison T Lopez-Estraño C Haldar K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5703):1934-1937
Malaria parasites secrete proteins across the vacuolar membrane into the erythrocyte, inducing modifications linked to disease and parasite survival. We identified an 11-amino acid signal required for the secretion of proteins from the Plasmodium falciparum vacuole to the human erythrocyte. Bioinformatics predicted a secretome of >320 proteins and conservation of the signal across parasite species. Functional studies indicated the predictive value of the signal and its role in targeting virulence proteins to the erythrocyte and implicated its recognition by a receptor/transporter. Erythrocyte modification by the parasite may involve plasmodial heat shock proteins and be vastly more complex than hitherto realized. 相似文献
6.
Konstantinos P. Prodromou 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1994,157(1):23-28
The presence of electrolyte in the solution, increases the amount of adsorbed anions. This increase, mainly depends on the kind of electrolyte, the concentration in the solution and the pH of treatment. In this work the process of phosphate adsorption in acid soils (Dystric subgroups of Inceptisols and Entisols) with and without use of electrolyte, was studied in order to find the real adsorption capacity of soils and the equations that fit to the adsorption data. It was found out that the shape of the isotherms obtained without electrolyte was different from that with electrolyte. The amount of the adsorbed anions was higher in the later case. The Freundlich equation gave a good fit to the isotherm data and the exponent of Freundlich equation was correlated with some properties of the soils. 相似文献
7.
María F. Ríos Leonardo A. Venerus Paraskevi K. Karachle William D. K. Reid Karim Erzini Konstantinos I. Stergiou David E. Galvn 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(2):355-367
The rule of thumb in marine trophodynamics indicates that the bigger an organism, the higher its trophic level (TROPH). This generalization leads to the assumption that fishes increase their TROPH with growth. However, a recent review showed that for many species, TROPH does not increase with body size, suggesting that size‐independent feeding is not rare in marine fishes. Here, we assessed some morphological traits of marine fishes that could potentially be used as indicators for the ability to vary TROPH with body size. Stable isotope values of nitrogen were used as a proxy TROPH. The specific objectives were as follows: (a) to evaluate the relationship between the oral gape and the trophodynamic trend and (b) to quantify the relevance of 11 external morphological traits in determining the size‐based trophodynamics. We used random forest models to identify the morphological traits that would help predict which species would have the potential to increase TROPH with growth and which would have not. The selected traits included the pelvic fin relative position, the dorsal fin shape, total length, and relative mouth size. Our results also showed a marked relationship between the rate of increase in the oral gape and TROPH. The analyses presented here provide the first comprehensive and quantitative review aiming at linking the trophodynamics of marine fishes with external morphological traits. 相似文献
8.
9.
Stavros Chatzifotis Sofia Clavero Christiana Kounna Alexandros Soumalevris Konstantinos Feidantsis Efthimia Antonopoulou 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2018,44(2):527-542
The effect of feed deprivation at four water temperatures (17, 20, 23, 26 °C) was investigated in meagre (Argyrosomus regius) of initial mean weight ± SD, 116.16?±?4.74 g, in triplicate groups. Fish were deprived of feed for a period of 60 days and sampled on days 0, 14, 41, and 60, during which body weight, specific growth rate, somatic indices, muscle proximate composition, plasma metabolite levels (total lipids, proteins, cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose), and liver and muscle enzymatic activities [L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH), citrate synthase (CS), malate dehydrogenase (MDH)] were evaluated. Long-term feed deprivation resulted in a significant decrease in body weight, condition factor (CF), hepatosomatic index (HSI), muscle lipids, and plasma metabolites (all except proteins) and increase in muscle moisture. Plasma glucose concentration decreased with time and became significantly lower at 41 and 60 days. Glucose concentration and weight loss expressed a different response in the short term (14 days) than in the long term (14 and 60 days) of feed deprivation, suggesting a change in glucose metabolic profile. After 60 days of feed deprivation, there was an increase in the L-LDH activity in the liver at all temperature levels, which reflects a rising glycolytic potential by activating the carbohydrate metabolism and an ATP-dependent demand. MDH activity increased in the liver and muscle, except at 17 °C in the muscle, which indicates aerobic glycolysis and lipolysis. CS activity in the liver increased after the 60 days, whereas that in the muscle decreased, indicating the muscle is less dependent on aerobic oxidation for energy reserves. 相似文献
10.
Francesc Sardà Marta Coll Johanna J Heymans Konstantinos I Stergiou 《Fish and Fisheries》2015,16(1):175-180
Discards are the portion of animal and plant material in the catch that is dumped back at sea. The Common Fisheries Policy plan proposed by the European Commission for 2014–2020 presents a controversial goal: to enforce the landing of fishing discards as a measure to encourage their reduction. This historical and political decision will shape the future of the fishing exploitation in European Seas. Discards generated by European fleets are not negligible, and its reduction is an ecological, socioeconomical and moral imperative. However, it must be achieved through the reduction in discards at source and the promotion of selective and non‐destructive gears. We argue it is doubtful that this discard ban will result in an effective reduction of discards. The proposed measure may, in fact, negatively affect ecosystems at all levels of biological hierarchy by disregarding the Ecosystem‐Based Approach to Fisheries and the Precautionary Principle. It could negatively impact several species by increasing fishing mortality, also commercial species if discards are not accounted in the total allowable catch. Communities preying on discards will likely be affected. The role discards currently play in the energy turnover of current ecosystems will be modified and should be fully evaluated. The landing of discards will likely generate new markets of fishmeal due to the growing demands for marine living resources. The ban will require substantial public investment to deal with technical problems on board and to control and enforce. Therefore, this measure should be only implemented after rigorous scientific and technical studies have been developed. 相似文献