Differentiation of hog cholera and bovine virus diarrhoea viruses in pigs using monoclonal antibodies

Monoclonal antibodies against hog cholera and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses were assayed on organ tissue sections of experimentally infected animals. The animals had been infected simultaneously with both viruses. The antibodies were tested using an indirect immunofluorescence test and an indirect enzyme immunoassay with a biotin/streptavidin/peroxidase detection system. A polyclonal hyperimmune serum was used as a control in direct immunofluorescence tests. Both techniques based on monoclonal antibodies were more sensitive and more specific than the conventional test, the enzyme immunoassay being more sensitive than the immunofluorescence test. Small amounts of BVD viral antigen were demonstrable with monoclonal antibodies in most organ tissues.     

新疆高等寄生植物(二)——列当科

本文研究了新疆列当科2属23种植物,用检索表列出了它们的不同,总结了前人的工作,并对它们的分布、生境、寄主给予了描述。     

人性的复苏——解析霍桑《红字》的人物

《红字》表达的深刻含义一直以来都是评论家们争论的焦点。文中从人性这个角度来诠释《红字》中3个主要的人物，探讨在清教的专制统治下，个人在自由与权威中的挣扎以及主人公在此压制下人性的发展，以此揭示作者霍桑本人的内心世界，即内心对爱的欲求以及呼吁人以极大的勇气抛弃虚伪、回归真实的人性。     

The effects of vitamin E on non-specific immune response of the juvenile soft-shelled turtle <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pelodiscus sinensis</Emphasis>

ABSTRACT:   This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E supplements on non-specific immune responses in juvenile soft-shelled turtles. Turtles were fed diets supplemented with vitamin E at 0 (control), 50, 250, 500, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg, respectively, for 4 weeks. Results showed that blood cell phagocytosis and serum bactericidal activity were significantly improved in turtles from two diets (250 and 500 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation), while had no significant improvement in turtles from the three remaining diets (50, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation) when compared to turtles from the control group. Serum bacteriolytic activity in turtles from diets with 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation were higher than activity levels quantified for the control group, but no significant difference was observed between the 5000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation diet and the control diet. The results suggest that vitamin E has an upper and lower threshold for improving non-specific immune function in soft-shelled turtles, and the optimal supplementation may be between 250 and 500 mg/kg.     

Reproductive performance and offspring quality of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis (H. Milne-Edwards) females fed an optimized formulated diet and the razor clam Sinonovacula constricta

After feeding female Eriocheir sinensis on an optimized formulated diet or fresh razor clam Sinonovacula constricta for 7 months, their reproductive performance and offspring quality were compared. To evaluate diet nutrient contents, the proximate, fatty acid and amino acid compositions of the formulated diet and the razor clam were analysed. The nutritional value of the diets was determined by assessing survival, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and hepatosomatic index (HSI) of female crabs from both diet treatments, together with the percentage of females that spawned, total egg production per female and fecundity (number of eggs g^?1 female wet weight). Furthermore, the quality of eggs and newly hatched larvae from the two dietary treatments were determined using the following parameters: egg diameter, wet weight and dry weight, hatchability, proximate and fatty acid profile of eggs, larval carapace length, resistant to starvation and osmotic shock, larval survival and development to the zoea II stage. Higher protein, phospholipids (PL) and amino acids (AA) contents were found in the razor clam while the formulated diet contains higher levels of ash, total lipid (TL) and 18:1n‐9, 18:2n‐6 and 22:6n‐3 fatty acids. Although female crabs fed the two different diets showed similar reproductive performances, newly hatched zoea I larvae produced by the crabs fed the formulated diet had significantly longer mean carapace length and shorter development time to the zoea II stage under identical culture condition (P<0.05). Moreover, dietary fatty acid appeared to have more significant effects on the fatty acid composition of the hepatopancreas than it did on mature ovaries or eggs. This suggests that the fatty acid profile of mature ovaries is indicative of the specific fatty acid required for ovarian development in E. sinensis. In conclusion, our results show that the optimized formulated diet developed in this laboratory can totally replace the razor clam, a broodstock food widely used in E. sinensis hatcheries in China. This encouraging result should facilitate more reliable hatchery production of this important aquaculture species.     

Effects of dietary highly unsaturated fatty acids and astaxanthin on the fecundity and lipid content of pond-reared Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) broodstock

Five diets that contained fresh squid meat as the basic constituent and were supplemented with different amounts of highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) and astaxanthin were fed to pond‐reared Penaeus monodon broodstock. Diet A was sole squid meat. Diets B and C were supplemented with astaxanthin 50 and 100 mg kg^?1 respectively. Diets D and E were supplemented with HUFA 5 and 10 g kg^?1 and astaxanthin 50 mg kg^?1 respectively. The result showed that the group fed diet E had the best reproductive performance in all experimental groups. It had a higher proportion of spawns (71.5%), spawning rate (0.047), a shorter latency period (7.7±0.3 d), higher absolute fecundity (× 10³) (361.6±5.5) and egg production/female (× 10³) (597.0±18.0) than all the other experimental groups. The fatty acid composition in broodstock diets strongly affected the tissue and fecundity of broodstock. Good correlations between the content of 20:4n‐6 in eggs and the fecundity (r²=0.6109) and egg production (r²=0.9876) of broodstock were found. On the other hand, 22:6n‐3 and DHA/EPA ratio was negatively correlated with the fecundity of broodstock (r²=0.5362, 0.8702 respectively). The result also showed that the balance between n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acid families, total polyunsaturated fatty acids and total saturated fatty acid and 20:5n‐3 (EPA) and 22:6n‐3 (DHA) may play vital roles in maturation and reproductive performance of P. monodon broodstock.     

高级职称教师高尿酸血症142例临床分析

从３８３名高级职称教师中检出高尿酸血症１４２例，检出率３７．１％。其中８０％的高尿酸血症患者的血尿酸浓度分布于４１５．５～５３５μｍｏｌ／Ｌ（７～８．９９ｍｇ／ｄＬ）、检出率２９．８％，２０％的患者血尿酸浓度在５３５．５Ｖｍｏｌ／Ｌ（９ｍｇ／ｄＬ）以上，检出率７．３％。４０岁至６０岁的本病检出卒４２％。１４２例患者中肾受损９例（６．３％）、痛风５例（３．５％）、合并高脂血症１８例（１２．７％），合并冠心、冠脉供血不足、高血压性心脏病２２例（１５．５％，合并肥胖３３例（２３．２％）．４９例６０岁以上本病患者合并冠心、冠脉供皿不足１４例（２８．６％）．通过分析提出了对本病的防治措施。     

自动雨量站常见故障和排除方法及维护

通过对山西省永济市气象局72年安装的长春DYYZ2型雨量传感器和山西省技术装备中心研制的采集器为例,分析乡镇自动雨量站的常见故障,提出了排除办法及维护时的注意事项。     

无痛胃肠镜在消化内科临床中的应用

目的:研究无痛胃肠镜诊疗术在消化内科的使用过程中,操作时间,不良反应发生率,患者满意度等方面的相较于普通的胃肠镜诊疗术的优越性,揭示其各项临床优点,以及在临床中广泛应用的趋势.方法:选取本院2008年2月～2011年2月间进行无痛胃肠镜操作的患者572例作为观察组,回顾性分析其操作完成的情况,即咽喉反射的产生率、操作的时间长度、不良反应的发生率、患者对操作过程的满意度;随机抽取本院同时期进行普通胃肠镜操作的病人572例,作为对照组,比较各个指标的结果.结果:观察组与对照组之间咽喉反射率、操作满意度、不良反应发生率之间有显著性差异,P＜0.05,操作时间之间没有显著性差异,P＞0.05.结论:无痛胃肠镜诊治术相较于普通胃肠镜术不良反应发生率低,患者满意度高,是一种安全舒适的诊疗方式,可以广泛应用于临床操作中.