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1.
2.
Relationship between serum cortisol levels and some physiological parameters following reining training session in horse 下载免费PDF全文
Stefania Casella Irene Vazzana Elisabetta Giudice Francesco Fazio Giuseppe Piccione 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(5):729-735
The changes of cortisol, red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were evaluated after a reining training session in eight Quarter Horses. All parameters were measured before exercise (T0), immediately after exercise (T1), 1 h after exercise (T2), 2 h after exercise (T3) and 24 h after exercise (T4). One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures, followed Bonferroni's post hoc test, showed a significant effect of the reining training session (P < 0.0001) on cortisol, RBC, Hb, Hct, HR, RR and RT. Simple linear regression analysis showed the positive correlation (P < 0.05) between cortisol changes and variations of studied parameters in T1, T3 and T4. Exercise‐induced cortisol concentrations reflect the physiological response of reining training, suggesting that the changes observed are useful to assess the performance in reining horses and their reining training adaptability. 相似文献
3.
Chutipong Chiamkunakorn Vimbai Irene Machimbirike Saengchan Senapin Pongsak Khunrae Ha Thanh Dong Triwit Rattanarojpong 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(11):1629-1636
Detection of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) in tilapines is mainly from visceral organs of killed fish. However, lethal sampling might not be viable to broodstock and economically important ornamental cichlids. To contribute towards screening of the virus in asymptomatic infected fish, a subclinically infected population of Nile tilapia adults obtained from a local farm was preliminarily tested to compare different non‐lethal sampling methods, for example liver biopsy, gill biopsy, fin clip, mucus, faeces and blood for detection of TiLV. Only liver and blood samples gave positive results by PCR. Since blood sampling is relatively simpler, it was further used for five naturally co‐cultured juvenile fish species from above‐mentioned farm including 40 red tilapia broodstock and 20 Nile tilapia adults from two other different farms. The results showed that from the tested fish, 4 of 5 Nile tilapia, 2 of 5 hybrid red tilapia and 3 of 5 giant gourami blood samples tested positive, while 38 of 40 blood samples of red tilapia tested positive for TiLV in second‐step PCR. Sequencing representative PCR amplicons of positive samples confirmed sequence identity to TiLV. In conclusion, both blood and liver biopsy are practical non‐destructive sampling platforms for TiLV screening in cichlids with blood being more convenient, especially for tilapia broodstock. 相似文献
4.
5.
Niels Madsen Roar Skeide Mike Breen Ludvig A. Krag Irene Huse Aud V. Soldal 《Fisheries Research》2008,91(2-3):168-174
The selectivity of a 99 mm trawl codend was assessed using a codend cover fitted with a MultiSampler, which was acoustically triggered to take separate samples at three different phases of the haul. The first sample was collected during towing, the second during haul-up and the third at the surface. A total of 18 hauls were conducted with a commercial fishing vessel west of Scotland. It was demonstrated that escapes take place not only during the tow but also in the short period when the trawl is hauled back from the seabed and when the codend is at the surface. For haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus), respectively, the mean percentages escaping at the surface were 16, 12 and 38% of the total escape while 17, 8 and 28% escaped during the haul-up phase. Compared to towing, the escape rate (no./min) increased for haddock by a factor 2.7 during haul-up and by a factor 1.7 at the surface, whereas the escape rates of whiting were similar for the three phases. The escape rate of Norway lobster increased by a factor of approximately 7 for both the haul-up and surface phases, compared to the towing phase. The selectivity parameters L50 (50% retention length) and SR (selection range = L75–L25) were estimated and compared for the three different phases and for the whole haul for haddock, whiting and Norway lobster. For all three species there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in L50 between the three phases of the haul. There was also no significant difference for whiting and Norway lobster when comparing the SR of the three phases, whereas the SR was significantly lower for haddock when comparing the surface phase with towing and haul-up. The estimate of L50 when towing was about 6 cm lower for haddock and whiting and 9 mm for Norway lobster compared to the selection curve estimated conventionally for the whole haul. Finally, the effect of sea state, duration and codend catch on the selectivity parameters were estimated for the individual phases and for the whole haul. A significant effect of at least one variable was found in all phases. 相似文献
6.
Tang Samuel C. N. Lo Irene M. C. Mak Mark S. H. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(4):1713-1722
Two types of hydrogels with different functional groups, trimethylamine on quaternary ammonium and dimethylethoxyamine on
quaternary ammonium, were synthesized. Type 1 and type 2 hydrogels were characterized with Fourier transform infrared, X-ray
photoelectron spectroscopy and zeta potential analysis. The anion selectivity of these two hydrogels was investigated. The
surface charges of the type 2 hydrogel were lower than those of type 1, probably because of the presence of the hydroxyl group
in the ethoxy group. The Cr(VI) removal capacity of type 2 hydrogel was, therefore, less than that of type 1 hydrogel, although
their adsorption rates were similar. The anion selectivity of the hydrogels was found to have a similar order: Cr(VI) > sulphate
> bromide > As(V). Under the co-presence of Cr(VI) and sulphate conditions, type 2 hydrogel shows a higher selectivity towards
Cr(VI). The higher hydrophobicity was caused by the presence of the ethoxy group on the quaternary ammonium in type 2 hydrogel
and thus increased in selectivity towards monovalent ions (i.e. HCrO4−). In addition, the hydrogels have a high reusability. Compared with type 1 hydrogel, type 2 hydrogel has an advantage for
applications in Cr(VI) removal and recovery processes. 相似文献
7.
Irene Ryzhova 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1998,27(3):263-266
The nonlinear model of the carbon cycle in soils (NAMSOM) was used to analyze the sensitivity of soil organic matter levels
to variations in carbon turnover parameters. We were able to predict the sensitivity of soil organic matter levels to variations
of climate-dependent carbon turnover parameters, which allowed us to compare the sensitivity of soil organic matter levels
to net primary productivity of plant communities and plant debris decomposition rate constants across the range of soils in
the European part of Russia. The results indicate that meadow steppes show the lowest sensitivity to variations of these parameters.
In passing from meadow steppes to the northern taiga and to semideserts, the sensitivity increases. In general, soil organic
matter levels of boreal forest ecosystems are about 2–3 times more sensitive to input and decomposition of plant debris than
to decomposition of humus. In subboreal grassland ecosystems the sensitivity to humus decomposition increases and becomes
closer to the degree of sensitivity shown by soil organic matter levels to variations of productivity and decomposition of
plant debris. The proposed method may be useful for predicting the response of ecosystems to climatic change.
Received: 1 December 1997 相似文献
8.
A laboratory-prepared contaminated soil was partitioned into four fractions, namely carbonate, Fe/Mn oxides, organic matter and clay mineral, according to the form in which the heavy metal bound with soil constituents. Individual contaminated soil fractions and synthetic soils were prepared for the study of soil extraction using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). The effect of contact time and EDTA concentration were evaluated for both individual soil fractions and synthetic soils. The extraction reached equilibrium rapidly, after about 30 min. A 0.01 M EDTA solution was less effective than a 0.05 M or a 0.10 M EDTA. EDTA was proved to be effective for metal removal from the four individual soil fractions and synthetic soils. In general, approximately 90% of metals were removed from synthetic soils by 0.10 M EDTA. EDTA extraction of Pb from a contaminated carbonate fraction was thought to be affected by the formation of lead carbonates. A simple equation based on the sum of the released heavy metal from the individual components is used to check if there are interactions among the different soil components when mixed. The estimated values agreed well with the experimentally measured results only for the 0.10 M EDTA system. 相似文献
9.
Irene Vänninen Heikki Hokkanen Johanna Tyni‐Juslin 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):167-183
Finnish isolates of Beauveria bassiana (8 isolates), Metarhizium anisopliae (7), Tolypocladium sp. (2), Paecilomyces farinosus (2), P. fumosoroseus (1), Steinernema feltiae (3) and Bacillus thuringiensis ('Muscabac') were tested for efficacy against mixed populations of Delia radicum and D. floralis under field conditions in 1986–90. All pathogens were applied preventatively, the fungi as aqueous conidial or mycelial suspensions, dry conidia or dry mycelial powder. In only two of the nine experiments did B. bassiana or M. anisopliae give some control. In 1986, B. bassiana SF85–2 and Tolypocladium sp. SF85–4 (both at rate 1.2 x 109 conidia plant‐ 1), and ‘Muscabac’ (25 g 1?1, 1 dl plant?1) reduced the number of pupae by 80%, 60% and 50%, respectively, as compared with untreated and chemical (isophenphos) controls. In 1990, M. anisopliae SF86–39 at rate 1.6 x 109conidia plant?1 and 1.5 x 108 CFU plant?1 and S. feltiae SFS‐22 (35000 plant?1), increased the yield of cauliflower 2.2, 1.8, and 2.3‐fold, respectively, as compared with the untreated control, but these yields were only 19%, 15% and 19% of those of the chemical (diazinon) control. Paecilomyces isolates were ineffective in the 1986 experiment in which they were included. Our results suggest that it is difficult to find efficient control agents among the fungal and nematode species tested for use as biopesticides against cabbage root flies, but that the potential of M. anisopliae against these pests deserves further study. 相似文献
10.
Irene Abbattista Gentile Lucia Ferraris Mario Sanguinetti Marinela Tiprigan Giuseppina Fisichella 《Pest management science》1992,34(3):297-301
The effect of some physical factors on the processes (hydrolysis, volatilisation) regulating the persistence of methyl bromide in fresh surface waters was investigated to complement previous research. It has been confirmed that electromagnetic radiation in the visible field has no influence on the hydrolysis kinetics of the fumigant. The removal of methyl bromide by volatilisation from stirred and ventilated solutions appears to be of greater importance in practice. It has been shown that under these conditions the half-life is directly proportional to the liquid depth. Without stirring volatilisation is greatly reduced, due to the low diffusivity of methyl bromide in the aqueous phase. 相似文献