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Djibril Sarr Jean-Marc Lacape Jean-Marie Jacquemin Halima Benbouza André Toussaint Jean-Pierre Baudoin Guy Mergeai 《Euphytica》2012,183(1):55-64
The efficiency of using monosomic alien addition lines (MAALs) to introgress agronomical traits of interest carried by wild
diploid Gossypium species into the main cultivated cotton species G. hirsutum depends on the opportunities of confronting the alien chromosome with the recipient background genome at each generation
and on the occurrence of translocations and homoeologous recombinations. The selfed-progeny of five MAALs of G. australe in G. hirsutum was screened with SSR markers to determine the transmission frequency of the alien chromosome and monitor its integrity.
Three MAALs revealed a transmission frequency significantly lower than the expected ratio and one MAAL presented an exclusive
transmission of the additional chromosome. In these four MAAL the alien chromosome was transmitted almost unaltered. With
the fifth MAAL the alien chromosome was normally transmitted but was altered in half of the plants carrying it. In one MAAL,
normally carrying brown fiber, the emergence of some plants carrying white and brown fiber revealed the somatic elimination
of the additional chromosome. The loss of this chromosome seems to be triggered by its deletion. 相似文献
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西非Sudanian热带林地11个树种地上生物量异速生长预测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Louis Sawadogo Patrice Savadogo Daniel Tiveau Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba Didier Zida Yves Nouvellet Per Christer Oden Sita Guinko 《林业研究》2010,21(4):475-481
Allometric models are necessary for estimating biomass in terrestrial ecosystems. Generalized allometric relationship exists
for many tropical trees, but species- and region-specific models are often lacking. We developed species-specific allometric
models to predict aboveground biomass for 11 native tree species of the Sudanian savanna-woodlands. Diameters at the base
and at breast height, with species means ranging respectively from 11 to 28 cm and 9 to 19 cm, and the height of the trees
were used as predictor variables. Sampled trees spanned a wide range of sizes including the largest sizes these species can
reach. As a response variable, the biomass of the trees was obtained through destructive sampling of 4 754 trees during wood
harvesting. We used a stepwise multiple regression analysis with backward elimination procedure to develop models separately
predicting, total biomass of the trees, stem biomass, and biomass of branches and twigs. All species-specific regression models
relating biomass with measured tree dimensions were highly significant (p < 0.001). The biomass of branches and twigs was less predictable compared to stem biomass and total biomass, although their
models required fewer predictors and predictor interactions. The best-fit equations for total above-ground biomass and stem
biomass had R
2 > 0.70, except for the Acacia species; for branches including twig biomass, R2-values varied from 0.749 for Anogeissus leiocarpa to 0.183 for Acacia macrostachya. The use of these equations in estimating available biomass will avoid destructive sampling, and aid in planning for sustainable
use of these species. 相似文献
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Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba Patrice Savadogo Didier Zida Louis Sawadogo Daniel Tiveau Per Christer Oden 《林业研究》2010,21(4):445-450
Prescribed fire is used in the Sudanian savanna-woodland of West Africa as a forest management tool. An experiment was carried
out to assess the effects of season of burning, and different vertical probe positions on maximum fire temperature and temperature
residence time above 60°C which is considered lethal for plant tissues. Seasons of burning considered were: an early season
fire set at the beginning of the dry season (beginning of December), mid-season fire set at the peak of the dry season (mid-January),
and a late season fire at the end of the dry season (end of March). The effects of these fires on the germination of buried
seeds of three socio-economically valuable tree species were also examined. Results indicated significant differences in maximum
fire temperature and residence time with respect to season of burning and vertical probe position (p < 0.001). The highest and longest lasting temperatures were observed at 20 cm above ground during early fire and at the soil
surface during mid-season and late fires. This, in turn, affected germination responses of seeds buried at different soil
depths. Implications of these findings in the current management practices are discussed. 相似文献
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Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba Patrice Savadogo Louis Sawadogo Didier Zida Daniel Tiveau Per Christer Oden 《Annals of Forest Science》2011,68(3):555-564
Background
The potential of forest to regenerate after harvesting is a key element for sustainability of the ecosystem. For semi-arid tropical savanna environments, managing resprouts after tree cutting is ideally suited because of the natural ability of many indigenous species to regenerate vegetatively. Regeneration in this ecosystem is, however, prone to many disturbance factors such as fire and grazing by livestock. 相似文献8.
Sidzabda Djibril Dayamba Mulualem Tigabu Louis Sawadogo Per Christer Oden 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008,256(3):462
Fire-related cues (smoke and heat) contribute largely to changes in vegetation communities in fire prone habitats. The germination responses of seeds of species from Combretaceae, Leguminosae and Poaceae to smoke, heat or their interaction were examined. Half of the seed batch was first exposed to cold aerosol smoke for 60 min. Untreated and smoked seed batches were then subjected to heat treatment by incubating them at 40 °C, 80 °C or 120 °C for 2.5 min. The results showed that the seed germination of fire-adapted species, Terminalia avicennioides (p < 0.01) and Pteleopsis suberosa (p < 0.05), was stimulated by smoke, while the germination of fire-sensitive species, Anogeissus leiocarpus (p < 0.001) and Andropogon gayanus (p < 0.05) was inhibited by heat and smoke, respectively. Seeds of fire-tolerant species (Combretum glutinosum and Combretum nigricans) germinated favorably in response to heat and smoke treatments. The germination response of leguminous species was not significant with respect to the smoke and heat levels applied. In conclusion, there was no persistent pattern across all species that can easily explain their responses to fire-related cues, which can be related to species-specific requirements for a given dosage–response level, which in turn is attributed to the levels of heat shock and smoke treatments adopted in the present study. Testing different exposure times to heat shock and varying doses of smoke on large number of species is needed before generalization about community level response to fire could be drawn. 相似文献
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Influence of long-term organic and mineral fertilization on soil nematofauna when growing Sorghum bicolor in Burkina Faso 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cécile Villenave Stéphane Saj Anne-Laure Pablo Saïdou Sall Djibril Djigal Jean-Luc Chotte Mousa Bonzi 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2010,46(7):659-670
Soil degradation has led crop yield to decline in many Sahelian countries and is a fundamental agricultural and economical
threat for local populations. In Saria, Burkina Faso, long-term experiments are being performed to find efficient soil management
practices that could improve soil fertility. A randomized block experiment comprising organic amendment (unamended control,
straw at 8.3 t ha−1, manure at 10 t ha−1) coupled with mineral fertilization (no urea, urea at 60 kg ha−1) was started in 1980 with a continuous sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) cropping system. Twenty-six years after the settlement of the treatments, we compared their effects on nematode populations,
community structure, and ecological indices, as well as soil physical and chemical properties at three stages of sorghum’s
cropping cycle. 相似文献
10.
Barthélémy Yélémou Sidzabda Djibril Dasmane Bambara Georges Yaméogo Salawu Assimi 《林业研究》2013,24(1):99-108
In the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Burkina Faso, Piliostigma reticulatum (DC) Hochst and Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach) are precursor species of fallow land colonization and they are used by rural villagers. The present study aimed to assess the contribution of Piliostigma species to soil quality improvement. We quantified organic carbon, total nitrogen, soil microbial biomass, soil basal respiration and metabolic quotient from soil samples taken under and outside Piliostigma canopies. We used one-way ANOVA to test for differences in the above parameters between locations (beneath and outside Piliostigma canopies). We recorded increased total organic carbon under Piliostigma from 31%-105% and in total nitrogen from 23%-66%. Microbial biomass was13%-266% higher beneath canopies as compared to outside canopies. Basal respiration was also higher beneath canopies. The chemical elements varied by class of soil texture. Metabolic quotient (qCO2 ) was significantly correlated to clay (r=0.80) and silt (r=0.79) content. Piliostigma stands produced abundant litter due to their leaf biomass. Thus, they contribute to improved total organic carbon and total nitrogen content in the different phytogeographic zones and improve soil fertility 相似文献