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Iara Del Pilar Solar Diaz Gregório Miguel Ferreira de Camargo Valdecy Aparecida Rocha da Cruz Isis da Costa Hermisdorff Caio Victor Damasceno Carvalho Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque Raphael Bermal Costa 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(11):1650-1654
Although the second largest chromosome of the genome, the X chromosome is usually excluded from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Considering the presence and importance of genes on this chromosome that are involved in reproduction, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of its inclusion in GWAS on reproductive traits (scrotal circumference [SC], early pregnancy [P16] and age at first calving [AFC]) in a Nelore herd. Genotype data from 3,263 animals with the above-mentioned phenotypes were used. The results showed an increase in the variances explained by the autosomal markers for all traits when the X chromosome was not included. For SC, there was an increase of more than 10% for the windows on chromosomes 2 and 6. For P16, the effect was increased by almost 20% for windows on chromosome 5. The same pattern was found for AFC, with an increase of more than 10% for the most important windows. The results indicate that the noninclusion of the X chromosome can overestimate the effects of autosomes on SC, P16 and AFC not only because of the additive effect of the X chromosome itself but also because of its epistatic effect on autosomal genes. 相似文献
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Patrícia Castro Monteiro Maria Inês Braga de Oliveira Franmir Rodrigues Brando Caio Francisco Santana Farias Cludia Majolo Francisco Clio Maia Chaves Humberto Ribeiro Bizzo Fernanda Loureiro de Almeida OSullivan Maurício Latera Martins Edsandra Campos Chagas 《Aquaculture Research》2022,53(1):265-275
This study evaluated the effect of short-term baths with the essential oils (EOs) of Lippia sidoides, Ocimum gratissimum and Zingiber officinale on the survival, haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters of native fish tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. After challenge, the fish infected with A. hydrophila received therapeutic baths of 60 min, for five consecutive days. Treatments were as follows: challenged and not treated; challenged and treated with 10 mg L?1 of gentamicin; challenged and treated with EO of L. sidoides (2.5 and 5.0 mg L?1); challenged and treated with EO of O. gratissimum (5.0 and 10.0 mg L?1); challenged and treated with Z. officinale EO (5.0 and 10.0 mg L?1). The highest survival rates were 89.5% (fish treated with 5.0 mg L?1 of O. gratissimum EO) and 75.0% (fish treated with 5.0 mg L?1 of L. sidoides EO). Reductions in the haematocrit percentage, haemoglobin and erythrocyte number were observed in fish treated with L. sidoides and Z. officinale EOs compared with control fish. Mild to moderate damage to the liver tissue of fish after challenge and EO treatments were observed. It is suggested that baths containing O. gratissimum and L. sidoides EOs consist in a viable treatment to increase survival rates of C. macropomum infected with A. hydrophila. 相似文献
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Carbonari Caio Antonio Gomes Giovanna Larissa Gimenes Cotrick Krenchinski Fábio Henrique Simões Plinio Saulo Batista de Castro Edicarlos Velini Edivaldo Domingues 《New Forests》2020,51(4):723-737
New Forests - Eucalyptus harvests generate residues that remain on the soil and affect the efficacy of preemergent herbicides in the following planting cycle. The objective of this work was to... 相似文献
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Jorgelia Castro Caio Magnotti Morgana Angelo Fabio Sterzelecki Fabiola Pedrotti Maria Fernanda Oliveira Thiago Soligo Dbora Fracalossi Vinicius Ronzani Cerqueira 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(11):3267-3274
The feed provided to breeding fish is one of the main factors influencing the quality of fish gametes. This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of ascorbic acid on growth, haematological parameters and sperm quality of Lebranche mullet males (Mugil liza). Six diets with different levels of ascorbic acid (0; 53; 107; 216; 482 and 708 mg/kg) were tested in triplicate for 75 days. During spermiation (first gonadal maturation), 144 individuals (205.7 ± 11.5 g and 25.7 ± 0.4 cm) were randomly distributed in 18 experimental tanks. Growth parameters were evaluated at the beginning and end of the experiment. Fish blood was collected to analyse glucose, total protein and erythrocyte count (EC) (n = 9). Fish (n = 12) from each treatment were euthanized to determine hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Semen was collected to evaluate spermatic density, cell membrane integrity and sperm motility. No difference (p > .05) was found on growth parameters, GSI, HSI and total protein. However, EC was lower in fish fed without ascorbic acid (the control group). Ascorbic acid supplementation provided positive effects on sperm characteristics. Fish from treatments with 53 and 107 mg/kg presented the best results for motility time (133.30 ± 4.25 and 135.00 ± 2.77 respectively). Treatments with 107, 216 and 708 mg/kg provided the best results for motility rate (92.0 ± 2.9%, 93.0 ± 5.8% and 93.0 ± 5.8% respectively). Supplementation with 107 and 216 mg/kg provided the best results for plasma membrane integrity (70.12 ± 9.10% and 76.3 ± 3.1% respectively). Lower spermatic density was observed in fish without ascorbic acid supplementation, although no difference was found in sperm density among the treatments with ascorbic acid (p < .05). Considering these results, supplementation of dietary ascorbic acid between 107 and 216 mg/kg optimizes the spermatic quality in males of lebranche mullet. 相似文献
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Juliana Ferreira Santos Karollina Lopes Siqueira Soares Caio Rodrigo Dias Assis Carlos Augusto Martins Guerra Daniel Lemos Luiz Bezerra CarvalhoJr. Ranilson Souza Bezerra 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2016,42(5):1259-1274
The effect of different farming systems (cage, pond) upon digestive enzyme activities of Nile tilapia was evaluated. Juvenile Nile tilapia (87.61 ± 1.52 g) were simultaneously cultured in pond and cage systems during 90 days. Cages used nutritional biphasic plan (35 and 32 % crude protein—CP feeds) and ponds used nutritional triphasic plan (35, 32 and 28 % CP feeds). Biometric measurements were monthly performed for adjustments in feeding regimes and removal of intestine tissues to evaluate the performance of enzyme activities. Total proteolytic, amylase and lipase activities were not statistically different between the treatments throughout the periods analyzed (31, 63 and 94 days of culture). However, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were higher with 31 and 63 days of culture in fish from pond system, suggesting that natural food may have influenced these activities. A positive correlation was observed between the recommended concentration of essential amino acids for Nile tilapia and specific aminopeptidases activity in fish cage system. Substrate–SDS–PAGE revealed 12 active proteolytic bands in both systems. However, integrated density (ID) values were higher in the bands of ponds. Specimens of either cage or pond exhibited five bands of amylolytic activity. Fish from cage and pond systems showed the highest values of ID within 31 days of cultivation. In this study, the complexity of digestive functions could be verified for animals maintained under commercial conditions. Some of the assessed enzymes may show adaptations of their activities and/or expression that allow the fish to achieve a more efficient nutrient assimilation. 相似文献
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Samuel Vasconcelos Valadares Víctor Hugo Alvarez V. Jefferson Luiz de Aguiar Paes Caio Buainain Lins Roberto Ferreira Novais 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2017,48(15):1834-1842
We assessed the sensitivity of mixed exchange resin (MER) and Mehlich-3 (M3) to calcium-bound phosphate (Ca-P) in Oxisols. These methods were compared with Mehlich-1 (M1) and anion exchange resin (AER), which have high and low sensitivity, respectively, to this soil P form. We used maize (Zea mays L.) as a test plant. Three samples from two Oxisols were treated with five ratios of Triple Superphosphate—TS and Bayóvar Phosphate Rock—BPR (0 + 100; 25 + 75, 50 + 50, 75 + 25 and 100 + 0% TS + BPR). The MER extracted more P than AER and M3 at the highest BPR:TS ratios (high Ca-P) and similar quantities at the higher TS:BPR ratios (low Ca-P) for two soil samples. Unlike M1-extracted P, M3-P, AER-P, and MER-P positively correlated with maize dry matter production and P uptake. Mehlich-3 and MER were suitable to assess P availability in high Ca-P Oxisols. 相似文献
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Lloyd J Bird MI Vellen L Miranda AC Veenendaal EM Djagbletey G Miranda HS Cook G Farquhar GD 《Tree physiology》2008,28(3):451-468
To estimate the relative contributions of woody and herbaceous vegetation to savanna productivity, we measured the 13C/12C isotopic ratios of leaves from trees, shrubs, grasses and the surface soil carbon pool for 22 savannas in Australia, Brazil and Ghana covering the full savanna spectrum ranging from almost pure grassland to closed woodlands on all three continents. All trees and shrubs sampled were of the C3 pathway and all grasses of the C4 pathway with the exception of Echinolaena inflexa (Poir.) Chase, a common C3 grass of the Brazilian cerrado. By comparing the carbon isotopic compositions of the plant and carbon pools, a simple model relating soil delta 13C to the relative abundances of trees + shrubs (woody plants) and grasses was developed. The model suggests that the relative proportions of a savanna ecosystem's total foliar projected cover attributable to grasses versus woody plants is a simple and reliable index of the relative contributions of grasses and woody plants to savanna net productivity. Model calibrations against woody tree canopy cover made it possible to estimate the proportion of savanna productivity in the major regions of the world attributable to trees + shrubs and grasses from ground-based observational maps of savanna woodiness. Overall, it was estimated that 59% of the net primary productivity (Np) of tropical savannas is attributable to C4 grasses, but that this proportion varies significantly within and between regions. The C4 grasses make their greatest relative contribution to savanna Np in the Neotropics, whereas in African regions, a greater proportion of savanna Np is attributable to woody plants. The relative contribution of C4 grasses in Australian savannas is intermediate between those in the Neotropics and Africa. These differences can be broadly ascribed to large scale differences in soil fertility and rainfall. 相似文献
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Detection of citrus canker in citrus plants using laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Citrus canker is a serious disease caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri bacteria, which infects citrus plants (Citrus spp.) leading to a large economic loss in citrus production worldwide. In Brazil citrus canker control is done by an official
eradication campaign, therefore early detection of such disease is important to prevent greater economic losses. However,
detection is difficult and so far it has been done by visual inspection of each tree. Suspicious leaves from citrus plants
in the field are sent to the laboratory to confirm the infection by laboratory analysis, which is a time consuming. Our goal
was to develop a new optical technique to detect and diagnose citrus canker in citrus plants with a portable field spectrometer
unit. In this paper, we review two experiments on laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIF) applied to detect citrus canker.
We also present new data to show that the length of time a leaf has been detached is an important variable in our studies.
Our results show that LIF has the potential to be applied to citrus plants. 相似文献