Correction to: Using soundscapes to assess biodiversity in Neotropical oil palm landscapes

Landscape Ecology - In the original publication of the article the below given funding information was missed and now it is included in this correction     

Foliar resistance to the late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in a backcross of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar Ando

ABSTRACT

Regardless of variable environmental conditions and changing pathogen populations, the Estonian potato cultivar (cv.) Ando has shown elevated field resistance to Phytophthora infestans for over 40 years. One of cv. Ando’s parents, the Latvian cultivar Agra, is considered a cultivar of medium to low resistance, the other parent, line 382-48, has a well-known source of resistance, Solanum demissum, in its pedigree. Segregation of late blight disease severity in a population of 95 hybrid plants from cv. Ando’s backcross to cv. Agra (cv. Ando x cv. Agra BC1) in field trials of three consecutive years (2013?2015) and in a test of a single pathogen isolate fits a model of additive action of multiple unlinked race-specific resistance genes responsible for the field resistance of cv. Ando. At least some of the resistance genes in cv. Ando’s genome do not function in juvenile plants and are developmentally upregulated.     

Recovery of amphibian species richness and composition in a chronosequence of secondary forests,northeastern Costa Rica

In some tropical regions, following the abandonment of agriculture and pastures, secondary forests can recover plant species richness and forest structure (e.g. canopy cover, biomass); however, the importance of these secondary forests for fauna is not clear. Secondary forests can benefit fauna by providing suitable habitats, connecting forests fragments, and increasing gene flow. Previous studies of forest regeneration have showed different levels of amphibian recovery. In Puerto Rico, 1–5 years old secondary forests achieved similar amphibian species richness and composition in comparison with old-growth forests, while in Brazil secondary forests from 14 to 19 years of recovery only recovered 60% of the species of old-growth forests. We evaluated amphibian recovery in secondary forests in northeastern Costa Rica, by assessing amphibian recovery in 12 secondary forests that vary in age of recovery and in three old-growth forests using visual and acoustic surveys. Our sites varied in terms of their landscape (e.g. amount of surrounding forest) and forest characteristics (e.g. forest age, aboveground biomass, basal area, number of tree species, number of stems, leaf-litter depth), but there was no relationship between these characteristics and amphibian species richness or species composition. We found that amphibians are recovering rapidly in secondary forests in Costa Rica, and even young forests (10–16 years) had similar species richness and composition in comparison with old-growth forests. These forests are providing suitable microhabitats conditions for amphibians. In addition, this study highlights the importance of landscape characteristics. The abundance of amphibian species sources (e.g. forest patches) and connections between forests appear to be helping the species colonize these sites. Worldwide, the area of secondary forests is increasing, and our results show that these habitats are suitable for a diversity of amphibian species, suggesting that these forests can help reduce amphibian population and species decline.     

绵毛优若藜的抗逆性研究初报

绵毛优若藜是美国特有种,2001年引入民勤植物园后,为了大面积推广,对其适应性进行了观测试验。采用盆栽和田间试验,测定沙土和粘土的绵毛优若藜的萎蔫系数;用盆栽试验比较绵毛优若藜的耐盐能力。田间试验测得的沙土和粘土的绵毛优若藜的萎蔫系数分别为1.25%和2.96%。当硫酸盐-氯化物型沙壤土的全盐量超过8.03g/kg,绵毛优若藜表现盐害。盐渍对绵毛优若藜危害较单盐溶液更大。绵毛优若藜受盐胁迫,叶色变谈的同时,呈铁锈红;在干旱胁迫下其叶色只是变谈。     

苹果品种的SSR分析

 利用SSR方法对苹果25个品种进行了基因组多态性分析, 从20对引物中筛选出10对多态性引物用于正式扩增, 一共扩增出97个位点, 平均每对引物扩增出917个位点, 扩增条带的多态性百分率在56.4%～100%之间。用两对引物(GD142和02b1) 即可区分全部供试品种。根据SSR 分析结果, 应用NTSYS软件进行相似性系数计算, 利用UPGMA法构建聚类树状图。其结果表明, 供试苹果品种分为4个类群, 与传统系谱基本一致。     

祊河下游河水中重金属污染评价

为了了解祊河水中重金属污染现状,评价河水中Pb、Hg、Cr、As、Cd 5种重金属污染程度,将祊河分5个断面采样,采用单因子污染指数法对祊河水中重金属的含量进行普查和分析。采用ICP-OES法测定其中的重金属元素含量。结果发现,祊河河水中的Pb、Hg、Cr、As、Cd 5种重金属的平均含量分别为0.00423、0.07643、0.00127、0.04301、0.00057 mg/L。将河水测定结果与《地表水环境质量标准GB 3838—2002》比较,由单因子指数法评价,河水中Pb、Cr和Cd单因子污染指数均小于1,为清洁水平。监测所有水样中,As单因子指数最大值是1.4788,最小值是0.5596,As的综合污染指数为1.1180,为轻微污染。监测所有水样中,Hg单因子指数值最大是912.3,单因子指数最小值是666.4,综合污染指数值为645.1,说明所属水体中汞污染非常严重。     

绵毛优若藜的抗逆性研究初报

绵毛优若藜是美国特有种,2001年引入民勤植物园后,为了大面积推广,对其适应性进行了观测试验。采用盆栽和田间试验,测定沙土和粘土的绵毛优若藜的萎蔫系数;用盆栽试验比较绵毛优若藜的耐盐能力。田间试验测得的沙土和粘土的绵毛优若藜的萎蔫系数分别为1.25%和2.96%。当硫酸盐-氯化物型沙壤土的全盐量超过8.03g/kg,绵毛优若藜表现盐害。盐渍对绵毛优若藜危害较单盐溶液更大。绵毛优若藜受盐胁迫,叶色变谈的同时,呈铁锈红;在干旱胁迫下其叶色只是变谈。     

绿洲边缘白刺林退化植被恢复与重建技术研究

本文针对绿洲边缘天然白刺灌丛植被退化发生机制 ,采取平茬和人工降雨两种措施 ,从白刺灌丛的生长量、生物量、物种多样性以及沙丘内部水分变化量等方面入手 ,对白刺灌丛的复壮进行了初步的研究。平茬可在一定程度上促进白刺个体的生长并较小范围内改善浅层土壤水分条件。对结皮不同程度处理并结合人工降雨措施 ,均能促进白刺灌丛的生长 ,对浅层土壤水分条件具有较大幅度的影响 ,但对深层土壤水分条件不产生影响。 0 - 1 40cm范围内土壤水分条件的优劣是白刺灌丛生存生长的关键因素之一 ,改善该范围内沙丘内部水分条件对白刺灌丛的复壮具有重要的意义。