湿帘风机安装高度对Venlo温室降温效果分析

针对大型玻璃连栋温室（Venlo温室）在夏季湿帘-风机联合机械降温过程中出现的温度垂直梯度大、降温不充分、冷量浪费的问题,该研究设计并优化了不同湿帘和风机的安装高度（即设备距离地面的最低高度）,分析其对温室降温效果的影响。采用试验和仿真相结合方法,通过与试验温室对比验证仿真模型准确性,并以仿真的方式设计不同的安装高度方案。结果表明,在3.2 m安装高度内,当湿帘安装高度为0.8 m,风机安装高度为3.2 m时降温效果最明显,温室平均温度降低了2.1℃;湿帘安装高度为3.2 m,风机安装高度为3.2 m时温度垂直梯度最小,温室平均温度的垂直梯度降低了5.8℃。湿帘和风机安装高度的变化对Venlo温室的综合降温效果影响较大,适当的降低湿帘安装高度和提高风机安装高度,可以加强温室流场换热过程,进一步强化温室湿冷空气流场的流动均匀性。该研究为温室湿帘和风机降温系统设计提供了进一步优化的理论依据。     

连栋温室内湿帘-风机流场特性

为了解华南地区大型连栋玻璃温室在湿帘-风机通风条件下温度场与速度场的变化情况,探究该通风方式下,温室内的通风降温性能,以广州市农业技术推广总站示范基地的连栋玻璃温室为研究对象分别进行了稳态和瞬态计算,将稳态模型的计算结果与温室内监测点得到的数据进行对照,验证了计算模型的可靠性,并对湿帘-风机通风工况进行瞬态计算,得到温室内直观的温度和速度的分布情况及变化规律.结果表明:开启湿帘-风机系统后,湿帘侧最初风速可达1.6 m/s,通风过程中逐渐发展为从湿帘入口贯通风机出口的高速气流场,气流速度最终稳定在0.8 m/s;温室内温度场从湿帘侧到风机侧表现出梯度降温的变化特征,同时伴随着温室全局性的微小幅度降温;将风机流量增加1倍后,温室内气流的湍动程度增加,降温速度明显提高.得到的结果将为华南地区连栋玻璃温室的正常运行和精准调控温室内的小气候环境提供参考.     

Forest and Forestry Research and Education in Mongolia

Since 1990, after the dramatic change in Mongolia's political and economic system, human impact on forest resources highly increased and became continuously degraded due to improper exploitation, forest fire, mining, pest and disease, uncontrolled grazing, and inadequate management which negatively affect its environmental conditions causing severe deforestation, desertification, and ecological stress in some regions of the country. Forestry research and education became fragmented in Mongolia. Several institutions and universities conducted vague and in some cases duplicating research topics. Hence, this article aims to understand the current status and issues as well as to formulate possible solutions in strengthening and developing forest and forestry research and education in the country.