Eurasian Soil Science - The objectives of this research are prediction of soil drainage curve using Assouline and Or (2014) adjusted soil drainage model and comparison of the predicted results with... 相似文献
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a rapid and efficient method for producing DNA fingerprints and
molecular characterization. Our objectives were to: estimate genetic similarities (GS), marker indices, and polymorphic information
contents (PICs) for AFLP markers in almond cultivars; assess the genetic diversity of almond cultivars and wild species, using
GS estimated from AFLP fingerprints and molecular characterization; and facilitate the use of markers in inter-specific introgression
and cultivar improvement. The genetic diversity of 45 almond cultivars from Iran, Europe, and America, were studied assaying
19 primer combinations. In addition, several agronomic traits were evaluated, including flowering and maturity times, self-incompatibility,
and kernel and fruit properties. Out of the 813 polymerase chain reaction fragments that were scored, 781 (96.23%) were polymorphic.
GS ranged from 0.5 to 0.96, marker indices ranged from 51.37 to 78.79, and PICs ranged from 0.56 to 0.86. Results allowed
the unique molecular identification of all assayed genotypes. However, the correlation between genetic similarity clustering
as based on AFLP and clustering for agronomic traits was low. Cluster analysis based on AFLP data clearly differentiated the
genotypes and wild species according to their origin and pedigree, whereas, cluster analysis based on agronomic data differentiated
according the pomological characterization. Our results showed the great genetic diversity of the almond cultivars and their
interest for almond breeding. 相似文献
Background:
Helicobacter pylori, which is associated with many upper gastrointestinal diseases, is found in half of the population of the world. Several special stains and immunohistochemistry stain for H. pylori are available. The need for and usefulness of immunohistochemical (IHC) technique has been debated for years. Toluidine blue is a simple stain for microbiological studies and is easily available in laboratories. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Giemsa and toluidine blue staining with immunehistochemistry for detection of H. pylori in patients with gastritis and also to correlate the results of these staining methods with pathological grading. Methods: We reviewed 54 consecutive gastric biopsy specimens stained by H&E and Giemsa as well as by toluidine blue and immunohistochemistry stains for H. pylori. Results: H. pylori was positively identified by IHC in 43 (79.63%) patients, while positive samples were found in 18 (33.33%), 24 (44.44%) and 33 (61.11%) patients using H&E, Giemsa and toluidine blue staining methods. Our results showed that classical histological staining methods are not sensitive enough to identify low numbers or coccoid forms of organism, while toluidine blue and immunohistochemistry play an important role in detection of H. pylori infection. Conclusion: Toluidine blue has been proved to be much more reliable than H&E and Giemsa in detection of H. pylori. In addition, in post treatment biopsies and in biopsies with unexplained chronic active gastritis without histological evidence of H. pylori should have immunohistochemistry done to detect possible low density or coccoid form of organisms.Key Words: Helicobacter pylori, Immunohistochemistry, Gastritis相似文献
PCR-RFLP analyses of three regions for each of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA; rbcL-ORF106, trnD-trnT, trnH-trnK) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA; nad7/exon2-exon3, nad7/exon3-exon4, 18S-5S) were performed in 26 cultivars of acid citrus grown in Japan to identify polymorphisms and classify them. The polymorphisms
were compared with those of three true Citrus species, i.e., mandarin, pummelo and citron. Ichang papeda (C. ichangensis) was also included in this study to find its relationship with Yuzu. Inter-species cpDNA variation was recognized and the
acid citrus were divided into three groups, namely; I (‘Yuzukichi’ and ‘Kinkoyu’), II [sour oranges (‘Kaiseito’, ‘Daidai’
and ‘China daidai’), ‘Nansho daidai’, ‘Kiku daidai’, C. sudachi (‘Mushi yukaku’, ‘Yushi yukaku’ and ‘Yushi mukaku’), C. sphaerocarpa (‘Kabosu’ and ‘Aka kabosu’), C. kizu (‘Taninaka kizu’, ‘Kinosu’ and ‘Kizu’), ‘Zanbo’, ‘Mochiyu’, ‘Jabara’ and ‘Naoshichi’], and III [Yuzu (‘Tetraploid’, ‘Tochikei
yuzu’ and ‘Yamanekei yuzu’), ‘Matsuda sudachi’, ‘Zuishoyu’, ‘Hanayu’ and ‘Yuko’]. CpDNA restriction patterns of the three
true Citrus species differed from each other as well as from those of ichang papeda. CpDNA restriction patterns of group I of the acid
citrus were identical to those of mandarins. Group II showed the same as pummelos. CpDNA restriction patterns of group III
were differed from those of the three true Citrus species in the three regions. This group was differed from ichang papeda after digestion of trnH-trnK PCR products with TaqI, HinfI and AluI, while they showed identical restriction patterns in two regions, rbcL-ORF106 and trnD-trnT. Citrons and ichang papeda were placed in groups IV and V, respectively. Based on mtDNA restriction patterns, the acid citrus
were divided into three groups; i, ii and iii. In groups i and ii accessions of groups I and II of cpDNA were placed with
mandarins and pummelos, respectively. In group iii accessions of group III of cpDNA were placed with ichang papeda. Citrons
were placed in a distinct group, iv. 相似文献
This study used pedigree information and data collected from 1979 to 2012 at the Raeini Cashmere goat breeding station, located in Baft City in Kerman Province in southeastern Iran. Genetic and phenotypic parameters for early reproductive traits of breeding does, including total numbers of kids born at first kidding (LSB1), total numbers of kids weaned at first kidding (LSW1), total birth weight of all kids born at first kidding (LWB1), total weaning weight of all kids weaned at first kidding (LWW1), and age at first kidding (AFK), were estimated using a Bayesian approach via Gibbs sampling. Posterior means for heritability estimates of LSB1, LSW1, LWB1, LWW1, and AFK were statistically significant, with values of 0.12, 0.23, 0.17, 0.15, and 0.46, respectively. Low-to-moderate additive genetic variation was present for the studied reproductive traits. Estimated genetic correlations among LSB1, LSW1, LWB1, and LWW1 were statistically significant and ranged from 0.12 between LWB1 and LWW1 to 0.72 between LSB1 and LSW1. Corresponding phenotypic correlation estimates were also statistically significant and ranged from 0.04 between LWB1 and LWW1 to 0.55 between LSB1 and LSW1. Posterior means of genetic and phenotypic correlations between AFK and other studied traits were statistically significant only for LSB1 and LWB1. For LSB1, LSW1, LWB1, and LWW1, we conclude that genetic and phenotypic improvement in any of these traits in Raeini Cashmere does would favorably influence all of the other traits. However, does that first kidded at younger ages have smaller litters at birth and lower litter birth weights at their first parity.
BACKGROUND: Serum biochemical and hematologic parameters are important in the management of game species in Iran, such as Persian squirrels. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish baseline serum chemistry and hematology values in Persian squirrels (Sciurus anomalus) and describe blood cell morphology and the electrophoretic pattern of hemoglobin. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 30 Persian squirrels (Sciurus anomalus) maintained in captivity in the Tehran Zoo. Blood was placed into EDTA and serum clot tubes and analyzed using standard manual hematology and biochemical techniques. Hemoglobin electrophoresis was done on cellulose acetate paper strips. RESULTS: Minimum, maximum, and median values were obtained for 11 hematologic and 12 serum chemistry parameters. Hypersegmented neutrophils were observed frequently. We did not find basophils or band neutrophils. Hemoglobin electophoresis resulted in a band slightly anodal to that of human hemoglobin A. CONCLUSION: Biochemical and hematologic values in Persian squirrels were comparable to those of related species, and may be used as a standard profile for healthy Persian squirrels kept in captivity. 相似文献
Skin flap grafting is a popular approach for reconstruction of critical skin and underlying soft tissue injuries. In a previous study, we demonstrated the beneficial effects of two 5α-reductase inhibitors, azelaic acid and finasteride, on tissue survival in a rat model of skin flap grafting. In the current study, we investigated the involvement of nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in graft survival mediated by these agents.
Methods:
A number of 42 male rats were randomly allocated into six groups: 1, normal saline topical application; 2, azelaic acid (100 mg/flap); 3, finasteride (1 mg/flap); 4, injection of L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (i.p., 20 mg/kg); 5, L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.) + azelaic acid (100 mg/flap, topical); 6, L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.) + finasteride (1 mg/flap, topical). Tissue survival, level of nitric oxide, and iNOS expression in groups were measured.
Results:
Our data revealed that azelaic acid and finasteride significantly increased the expression of iNOS protein and nitric oxide (NO) levels in graft tissue (P < 0.05). These increases in iNOS expression and NO level were associated with higher survival of the graft tissue.
Conclusion:
It appears that alterations of the NO metabolism are implicated in the azelaic acid- and finasteride-mediated survival of the skin flaps.Key Words: Finasteride, Azelaic acid, Surgical flaps, Nitric oxide, Nitric oxide synthase Type II相似文献
A total of 137 accessions from 18 wild almond species were collected from Iran and leaf and fruit traits were characterized.
Also evaluated were flowering and ripening date, self-incompatibility and kernel bitterness. An extensive phenotypic diversity
was found both among and within species. Differences in average leaf dimensions among and within species were associated with
average rainfall but not altitude of collection site. Adjacent accessions located in drier areas had smaller leaf dimensions
than those located in semi-humid or humid regions. No relation was found between average fruit dimensions and collection site
conditions. Principal component analysis revealed that the nut weight and width, and the kernel weight had highest loading
in the first component accounting for 45.8% of total variation. In contrast, leaf traits in the second component accounted
for 22.3% of total variation. No significant correlations were detected between leaf dimensions and fruit traits in all species
evaluated. Results document a rich source of new germplasm for almond improvement programs. Small fruit size, pollen-pistil
self-incompatibility, and bitter kernel flavour are the most common obstacles to the utilization of this wild germplasm in
breeding. 相似文献
BACKGROUND: Lipid transport systems in animals have been evaluated both as experimental models for lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in humans and to gain insight into the lipid metabolism of specific breeds. The Turkman horse is a pure-blooded horse that lives on the margins of the Caspian Basin; information about serum lipids and lipoproteins in this breed is lacking. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in clinically healthy Turkman horses. METHODS: Concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), and lipoprotein electrophoretic patterns were determined in serum samples from 48 Turkman horses of both sexes and 0-12 years of age. Results were analyzed by 1-way ANOVA. RESULTS: In both sexes and all age groups, the relative percentages of LDL-C (44.2-64.3%) were higher than those of HDL-C (29.7-47.1%) and VLDL-C (5.9-9.0%). Serum concentrations of TG and TC were significantly higher in male (0.45 +/- 0.12 mmol/L; 2.70 +/- 0.45 mmol/L) than in female (0.34 +/- 0.1 mmol/L; 2.15 +/- 0.3 mmol/L) horses in most age groups. The relative percentages of alpha- and beta-lipoproteins in electrophoretic tracings were 62.77 +/- 5.05% and 36.67 +/- 4.29%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Serum lipid and lipoprotein values in Turkman horses differ from those of other equine breeds, and may be useful for evaluating metabolic diseases in this species. 相似文献