INVITED REVIEW—IMAGE REGISTRATION IN VETERINARY RADIATION ONCOLOGY: INDICATIONS,IMPLICATIONS, AND FUTURE ADVANCES

The field of veterinary radiation therapy (RT) has gained substantial momentum in recent decades with significant advances in conformal treatment planning, image‐guided radiation therapy (IGRT), and intensity‐modulated (IMRT) techniques. At the root of these advancements lie improvements in tumor imaging, image alignment (registration), target volume delineation, and identification of critical structures. Image registration has been widely used to combine information from multimodality images such as computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) to improve the accuracy of radiation delivery and reliably identify tumor‐bearing areas. Many different techniques have been applied in image registration. This review provides an overview of medical image registration in RT and its applications in veterinary oncology. A summary of the most commonly used approaches in human and veterinary medicine is presented along with their current use in IGRT and adaptive radiation therapy (ART). It is important to realize that registration does not guarantee that target volumes, such as the gross tumor volume (GTV), are correctly identified on the image being registered, as limitations unique to registration algorithms exist. Research involving novel registration frameworks for automatic segmentation of tumor volumes is ongoing and comparative oncology programs offer a unique opportunity to test the efficacy of proposed algorithms.     

Influences of Sex and Age on the Hematological Profile of the Jundiá (Silver Catfish) Rhamdia quelen

In this study, sex and age influenced the hematological profiles of Jundiá (Silver Catfish) Rhamdia quelen. Females showed lower levels of hemoglobin, young fish increased lymphocyte counts, and older fish increased hematocrit values. These results indicate that, depending on age and sex, the fish have disparate hematological profiles. For this reason, it is important to consider the sex and age of an R. quelen when examining the impact of environmental and management factors on this species in terms of their hematological profiles.

Received May 24, 2015; accepted March 24, 2016 Published online August 2, 2016     

采摘机器人视觉伺服控制系统设计

分析了采摘机器人目标位置与机器人关节角度之间的运动学关系,给出了两者之间的坐标变换公式.根据伺服控制特点,在机器人伺服控制中引入模糊PID控制方法,利用模糊控制策略在线自适应整定PID参数,提高了控制系统的动、静态性能.仿真和实验结果验证了设计的合理性和有效性.     

基于机器视觉的水下河蟹识别方法

为了探测河蟹在池塘中的数量及分布情况,为自动投饵船提供可靠的数据反馈,提出了基于机器视觉的水下河蟹识别方法。该方法通过在投饵船下方安装摄像头进行河蟹图像实时采集,针对水下光线衰减大、视野模糊等特点,采用优化的Retinex算法提高图像对比度,增强图像细节,修改基于深度卷积神经网络YOLO V3的输入输出,并采用自建的数据集对其进行训练,实现了对水下河蟹的高精度识别。实验所训练的YOLO V3模型在测试集上的平均精度均值达86. 42%,对水下河蟹识别的准确率为96. 65%,召回率为91. 30%。实验对比了多种目标检测算法,仅有YOLO V3在识别准确率和识别速率上均达到较高水平。在同一硬件平台上YOLO V3的识别速率为10. 67 f/s,优于其他算法,具有较高的实时性和应用价值。     

基于RBF网络的联合收获机脱粒滚筒恒速控制

对联合收获机行走、收割、脱粒系统进行分析,提出了系统数学模型的基本形式.针对该模型的高阶次、非线性和难以准确获得具体参数等问题,将模型差分方程的基本形式分解为与控制信号无关和有关的2个部分,利用RBF神经网络技术分别对2个部分进行在线辨识,控制器根据辨识结果进行控制,构建了自适应控制.利用该系统进行了不同条件下的仿真和试验,试验证明利用RBF网络可快速有效地拟合被控对象.当对象参数发生变化时,系统可实现跟踪适应,达到较好的控制效果.     

农业机器人自主导航改进自适应滤波控制器研究

为提高导航精度与控制精度,对农业机器人的自主导航控制进行研究。结合Sage-Husa自适应滤波与强跟踪卡尔曼滤波两种算法优点,利用严格收敛判据,设计了改进的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法。新算法保证了系统的实时性和稳定性,且具有更好的滤波精度。利用变结构切换方法来阻止PID控制器积分饱和现象,有效解决了控制器过饱和问题。将改进的自适应滤波算法与变结构PID控制器相结合,可提高导航系统的稳定性和精度。对所提理论进行仿真与试验,结果表明该方法大幅度提高了滤波器抑制发散的能力和导航的控制精度。     

水产养殖无人导航明轮船运动仿真与试验

无人导航明轮船依据目前经验公式计算的明轮推力和实际推力偏差较大,不利于控制系统的设计,为此给出明轮驱动力计算方法,建立明轮船水动力仿真模型,并据此进行了正航和回转仿真。为验证模型,在试验艇上安装高精度GPS设备及通信装置,在设定明轮船航速0.4 m/s、左明轮转速60 r/min、右明轮转速40 r/min条件下进行了试验,测量并记录了航行轨迹数据,经GPS设备测量得到的回转直径为3.2 m。仿真和试验结果表明,通过控制明轮可以使明轮船实现正航和回转运动,具有较好的低速机动性和操纵性。