牛饲喂嫩稻草引起铜中毒

牛对铜中毒的抵抗力比羊大。然而,两群牛中,一群成年荷兰母牛和另一群杂交阉牛由于每天饲喂9—16kg的嫩稻草而引起铜中毒。患牛表现虚弱无力,沉郁和食欲减少,同时粘膜黄染,排出暗红褐色尿液;个别患牛死亡。检查其两头死牛肝脏,每公斤鲜肝中铜含量达436mg和730mg,而正常时铜的含量为30—140mg/kg。嫩稻草中铜的     

Insects as alternative feed for ruminants:comparison of protein evaluation methodsOA

Background: The high dependence of intensive ruminant production on soybean meal and the environmental impact of this crop encourage the search for alternative protein-rich feeds. The use of insects seems promising, but the extent of their ruminal protein degradation is largely unknown. This parameter has major influence not only on N utilization efficiency but also on the environmental burden of ruminant farming. In addition, although assessing ruminal N degradation represents a key first step ...     

A multicentric retrospective study of serum/plasma urea and creatinine concentrations in dogs using univariate and multivariate decision rules to evaluate diagnostic efficiency

BACKGROUND: Urea and creatinine are the most frequently used indirect markers in plasma and serum of glomerular filtration rate in dogs. Both have been shown to lack sensitivity but their diagnostic efficiency for the diagnosis of kidney disease has been minimally investigated. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the influence of possible factors of variation on both analytes and to determine whether specific decision rules should be drawn up for subpopulations of dogs. METHODS: The results of urea and creatinine measurements, breed, sex, age, and health status (healthy, renal disease, or nonrenal disease) of 3822 dogs were collected from the archives of 5 veterinary clinics. Data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate decision rules with and without adjustment. RESULTS: There were significant effects and interactions of almost all of the sources of variation. Slight improvements in diagnostic efficiency were obtained by adjusting the decision rules to these sources of variations. Univariate decision rules gave approximately the same diagnostic efficiency for urea and creatinine concentrations, with sensitivity and specificity in the range of 70% and 90%, respectively, using the upper limit of the reference interval as the threshold value. Multivariate decision rules provided only minor improvements in diagnostic efficiency. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous measurement of both urea and creatinine is of limited diagnostic value over the analysis of a single variable. Creatinine is the preferred analyte as it is affected by fewer extrarenal factors of variation.     

通州市农村饮水安全问题与对策探

滨江临海的江苏省通州市虽有得天独厚的水资源条件,但出存在着时段性,水质性的缺水危机,农村饮水形势不容乐观,全市农村过半数的人口处于饮水不安全状态,目前存在着苦咸水危害,农村供水水源保证不可靠,水质污染严重,基础设施简陋陈旧等突出问题,其症结在于水资源保护观念淡薄,农村供水投入不足.针对存在问题,从加强领导,区域供水,增加投入,综合治理和强化管理等5个方面提出保障通州饮水安全的对策与措施.     

基于MU+DSP的小型水轮发电机组

嵌入式微处理器MC68HC912DG128A 和DSP TMS320F2812应用于小型水轮发电机单元智能监控主、辅装置，克服了可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）在小型水轮发电机组监控应用中难以实现单元监控的困难，简化了外围集成电路和数据采集接口，增强了单元监控系统内部和系统之间的数据交互能力，提高了小型水轮发电机单元监控自动化水平。文中具体介绍了两类不同处理器的特点及其在水轮发电机组单元监控装置中的应用，同时引入了流程设计方案的概念，实现了单元监控系统的现场可编程功能。测试结果表明，监控装置适合于小型水电站智能监控。     

Do aeolian deposits and sand encroachment intensity shape patterns of vegetation diversity and plant functional traits in desert pavements?

The effects of sand encroachment on composition, diversity, and functional patterns of vegetation in drylands are rarely studied, and yet addressing these aspects is important to deepen our understanding of the biodiversity conservation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of sand encroachment on plant functional biodiversity of desert pavements(gravel deserts) in the Sahara Desert of Algeria. Plants were sampled and analyzed in three desert pavements with different levels of sand encroac...     

恰拉水库斜墙复合防渗体的稳定性

对恰拉水库斜墙复合防渗体进行了稳定分析,发现施工期复合防渗体自身不满足抗滑稳定要求,考虑阻滑墙作用时,复合防渗体安全系数显著提高。运行期考虑风浪作用时,护坡设置排水孔对防渗体稳定性影响较大,排水孔排水效果越显著,复合防渗体抗倾稳定性越高,所要求的砼护坡板厚度也越小。     

水利水电工程移民安置社会评价研

在大中型水利水电建设中,重视并开展工程移民安置社会评价、建立移民安置社会评价体系十分必要。水库移民安置社会评价应包括三个方面：移民的生活水平综合评价、移民群体的社会适应性评价、移民安置的社会风险评价。文章分别建立了指标评价体系或评价分析框架。     

干旱内陆河灌区葡萄滴灌条件下水

通过对试验区葡萄基地进行监测并对监测结果分析研究,研究结果表明：在地下水浅埋条件下的干旱内陆河灌区,无排水条件下采用滴灌灌溉方式十分有效。可以充分利用滴灌的干排盐功能把作物根区的土壤盐分排积到行间无效空间区域,减少洗盐、排盐的淡水资源;在距滴头越近的土体,土壤盐分运动越剧烈,滴灌后,在有效浸润土体范围内,土壤盐分的浓度可迅速降低,适宜的滴灌频度,可长期保证有效浸润土体内土壤盐分浓度保持在较低的水平;不过,研究区葡萄基地现状滴灌状况下,目前的滴灌制度不合理,灌水量不够,灌溉周期略长。虽然干排盐效果明显,但排盐和土壤浸润范围不能满足葡萄的正常生长,也不能保证葡萄基地建设生产的可持续性发展。     

Effects of tetracycline administration on the proteomic profile of pig muscle samples (L. dorsi)

Effect of tetracycline (TC) administration on the proteomic profile of pig muscle was evaluated by 2D electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The TC content at slaughter was determined in L. dorsi samples by HPLC-DAD. Mean residual concentration of TC in the muscle of treated animals, calculated as the sum of TC and epi-TC was 126.3 microg/kg, indicating a rapid elimination of TC in this tissue. Several differential spots (n = 54, p < 0.05) were observed in protein profiles from control and treated animals. MALDI-TOF identification gave a positive match for 5 differential spots, that is, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (G3PD1), phosphoglycerate kinase 1, novelprotein (0610037L13Rik), leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP), and hypothetical protein isoform 2. Results show that proteomics could be a useful tool to reveal pharmacological treatments with TC, even if the possible uses of differential spots as biomarkers to detect illegal administration of TC require further studies. Different spot patterns as a consequence of TC treatments seem to be another interesting issue for the consequences on tissue metabolism and meat quality.