Steryl phenolic acid esters in cereals and their milling fractions

The steryl ferulate contents of rye and wheat grains and their milling fractions were analyzed using a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method. HPLC-mass spectrometry was used for identification. In addition, steryl ferulates of some selected milling byproducts were determined. The total steryl ferulate contents of rye and wheat grains were 6.0 and 6.3 mg/100 g, respectively. Uneven distribution of steryl ferulates in the grains led to considerable differences in the milling products; their steryl ferulate contents ranged from trace amounts in flours with low ash content to 20 and 34 mg/100 g in rye and wheat brans, respectively. Campestanyl ferulate and sitostanyl ferulate were the main components, followed by campesteryl ferulate and sitosteryl ferulate, whereas sitosterol was the main component in total sterols. Among the other samples, a byproduct of rice milling (pearling dust) was the best source of steryl ferulates, its total steryl ferulate content being 119 mg/100 g, whereas no measurable amounts of steryl ferulates were measured in oat bran or pearling dust of barley. The results indicated that rye and wheat and especially their bran fractions are comparable to corn as steryl ferulate sources.     

Salsolinol is present in the bovine posterior pituitary gland and stimulates the release of prolactin both in vivo and in vitro in ruminants

The aims of the present study were to determine whether salsolinol (SAL), a dopamine-related compound, is present in the bovine posterior pituitary (PP) gland, and to clarify the effect of SAL on the secretion of prolactin (PRL) in ruminants. SAL was detected in extract of bovine PP gland using high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC). A single intravenous (i.v.) injection of SAL (5 and 10mg/kg body weight) significantly and dose-dependently stimulated the release of PRL in goats (P<0.05). Plasma PRL levels reached a peak 10min after the injection, then gradually returned to basal values in 60-80min. The PRL-releasing pattern was similar to that in response to sulpiride (a dopamine receptor antagonist). The intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 1mg of SAL had no significant effect on the release of PRL in calves, however, 5mg significantly stimulated the release (P<0.05) with peak values reached 30-40min after the injection. Moreover, SAL significantly stimulated the release of PRL from cultured bovine anterior pituitary cells at doses of 10(-6) and 10(-5)M, compared to control cells (P<0.05). Taken together, our data clearly show that SAL is present in extract of the PP gland of ruminants, and has PRL-releasing activity both in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, this endogenous compound is a strong candidate for the factor having PRL-releasing activity that has been previously detected in extract of the bovine PP gland.     

马铃薯/大豆套作模式效益分析

以课题组前期从多个品（系）马铃薯中筛选出的钾高效马铃薯HKE-1和HKE-2为材料,与大豆进行套作试验,马铃薯/玉米套作,马铃薯、大豆、玉米净作为对照,研究马铃薯、大豆在行比为2:1和2:2栽培模式下的效益情况。通过对各种栽培模式下效益的分析,结果表明：薯/豆在行比为2:1栽培模式下的经济效益较好,材料HKE-1的薯/豆套作纯收益为2546.79 元/667m2,HKE-2的薯/豆套作纯收益最高,为2678.11 元/667m2,适宜推广。     

小杆线虫Rhabditis(Oscheius)sp.生物学特性测定

[目的]对从内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔盟海拉尔市苜蓿根际土壤中分离出的小杆线虫(Rhabditis(Oscheius)sp.)的生物学特性进行测定.[方法]以大蜡螟(Galleria mellonella)和黄粉甲(Tenebrio molitor)老熟幼虫为寄主,测定小杆线虫的侵染力;以水浴方法测定小杆线虫的耐热能力.[结果]小杆线虫在10、20和40 IJs/虫的剂量下侵染力较低;但在80、160、320和640 IJs/虫的剂量下侵染力较高,侵染大蜡螟96 h、侵染黄粉甲120 h的校正死亡率均达90%以上;在80 IJs/虫的剂量下侵染力最高,侵染120 h,寄主的校正死亡率达100%.在所测试的较高剂量下,小杆线虫对黄粉虫的侵染效果低于对大蜡螟的侵染效果.侵染大蜡螟达到90%以上校正死亡率的侵染效果需96 h,而侵染黄粉虫达到同样的效果则需120 h,浓度1 000～5 000 IJ/ml的小杆线虫在36℃条件下水浴2 d,有25%左右的个体存活,水浴6 d,仍有3%～9%的个体存活,至第9天,线虫个体全部死亡;在38℃下水浴6 h,40℃下水浴2 h,线虫个体全部死亡.[结论]小杆线虫具有较强的侵染力和耐热能力,具有开发应用潜能.     

烟粉虱经济阈值的研究

研究了烟粉虱在黄瓜上的经济损害水平和经济阈值。黄瓜幼苗4叶期时,烟粉虱的经济损害水平为9.3159％;烟粉虱的经济阈值为每株黄瓜有烟粉虱成虫18．4474头,即平均每片黄瓜叶有成虫4．6119头。     

预应力锚索在龙滩地下厂房工程中

龙滩水电站左岸地下引水发电系统是目前世界上最大的地下厂房系统，其中主厂房长388.5m，宽30.7m，最大挖高87.3m。主厂房高边墙的稳定性直接关系到地下厂房的施工和运行的安全，预应力锚索是用来加固高边墙的主要措施。介绍了预应力锚索在地下厂房高边墙加固处理中的应用，并就锚索应用中的几个相关问题结合监测资料进行了分析和探讨。通过预应力锚索的加固，有效地控制了边墙变形，加快了施工进度，取得了良好的锚固效果。     

黑河流域水资源调配评价的模糊物

采用模糊物元分析方法，结合欧氏贴近度的概念，按照社会－经济－生态环境－资源－效率合理性指标建立水资源调配评判指标。对黑河流域五种可能的水资源配置方案行进分析，选出最佳配置方案。从评价结果可以看出，选出的方案在流域实施后，能满足流域社会经济的可持续发展，同时保持生态环境的良好。     

基于LS-SVM的小水电站年发电量智

针对小水电站年发电量序列的特点，将最小二乘支持向量机（least squares support vector machine, LS-SVM）回归模型引入年发电量预测领域，并给出了相应的过程和算法。与常规基于人工神经网络（artificial neural networks, ANN）的智能预测方法比较，该模型优点是明显的：①将神经网络迭代学习问题转化为直接求解多元线性方程；②整个训练过程中有且仅有一个全局极值点，确定了预测的稳定性。最后，一个实际的预测例子表明：该模型实现容易、预测准确，适用于小水电站预测。     

卵石土地层桩侧摩阻力确定方法研

桩基承载力的确定与计算其所需的地基土层土工参数和原位测试参数关系密切,规范中只给出了取值原则,不涉及具体的方法。在此,以太原某工程桩基设计为研究对象,立足该场地工程地质条件,选择合适的土工参数,对卵石土地基桩侧摩阻力标准值取值进行了讨论和分析,进而预估了桩的抗拔承载力,并利用抗拔静载试验验证了预估结果的正确性,从而缩短了工期,降低了成本。     

新疆小型水电站发展现状及技术改

回顾新疆现有小型水电站的发展现状,在分析运行中存在的问题基础上,总结出了7个方面的普遍性问题。针对这些问题,提出小型水电站技术改造的新方法和措施。特别是对建在多泥沙河流上的径流式水电站,提出了用“排沙漏斗”这一新技术来彻底解决泥沙磨损危害的思路,并重点介绍了“排沙漏斗”这一新技术的主要技术指标和在工程实践中的运用效果。