生物素测定方法的应用现状

<正>生物素,又称维生素H,是一种水溶性B族维生素。生物素的测定方法很多,早在20世纪40年代,国外就报道了利用微生物法测定生物素的含量。随着科学技术的发展,国内外报道了许多新的测定方法,主要有同位素稀释法、     

矩阵式电力变换器的仿真研究

与其它矩阵变换器的控制策略相比,矩阵式电力变换器的双电压控制策略具有电压增益大,抗扰动性能好的优点。文章对矩阵式电力变换器进行了Simulink仿真研究,建立了详细的仿真模型,对基波频率为50Hz、75Hz时的矩阵式电力变换器输入端电流、输出端电压的波形进行了分析。仿真分析结果验证了矩阵式电力变换器的众多优点及矩阵式电路变换器用于工程实际的可行性。     

攀西地区酿酒葡萄破眠剂处理提高抽枝率研究

2003~2004和2004~2005年两个冬季,在四川省攀西地区对霞多丽、佳美、梅鹿辄、黑虎香四个葡萄品种休眠冬芽进行了化学药剂处理。翌年抽枝率结果表明:在冬季气温最低时处理四个品种的抽枝率均有提高;1.0%H2CN2 1.0%吐温80处理抽枝率提高最大;葡萄品种成熟期不同,对化学药剂处理的反应亦不相同,品种按处理与对照的萌芽率比值大小排序,依次为早中熟品种佳美、中熟品种梅鹿辄、早熟品种霞多丽、晚熟品种黑虎香。     

进境荷兰郁金香种苗中南芥菜花叶病毒的鉴定

为了防止南芥菜花叶病毒(Arabis mosaic virus,ArMV)传入我国,采用血清学、分子生物学、电镜观察及生物学接种等方法对从荷兰进口的郁金香种苗进行了ArMV检测。结果表明:ArMV血清学反应为强阳性;RT-PCR反应扩增出370bp的特异性目标条带;RT-PCR产物与已报道的3个ArMV部分外壳蛋白基因的核苷酸序列同源性为91.00%～93.24%,氨基酸序列同源性为99%～100%;免疫电镜观察到叶片病汁液中含有直径约30nm的球状病毒粒体;该病毒在黄花烟、白肋烟、矮牵牛和昆诺藜等鉴别寄主上引起坏死和褪绿等典型症状,经DAS-ELISA检测,这些接种寄主均呈ArMV血清学阳性反应。故将该病毒鉴定为南芥菜花叶病毒。     

法国野燕麦单粒种子DNA 快速提取方法的比较

本文以法国野燕麦作为材料,比较了CTAB、SDS、NaOH裂解3种方法提取单粒种子DNA的效果,根据核糖体DNA的PCR扩增结果,结合准确、快速和简便的原则,挑选出快速提取单粒种子DNA的方法,为杂草种子快速分子鉴定打下基础。     

四种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性的影响

为明确菊酯类杀虫剂对昆虫线粒体膜流动性的影响,以1,6-二苯基-1,3,5-己三烯（1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene,DPH）为荧光探剂,采用荧光偏振法研究了4种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫Aphis sp.线粒体膜流动性的影响。结果表明,4种菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性均有显著影响,其荧光偏振度显著增大,线粒体膜流动性显著减小。当药剂浓度为100 μmol/L时,对照组枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.239,高效氯氰菊酯的影响最大,线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.315,联苯菊酯的影响最小,线粒体膜的荧光偏振度为0.287。4种菊酯类杀虫剂对线粒体膜流动性的影响都存在一定的浓度效应,当药剂浓度在0~100 μmol/L范围内,浓度越大影响越大。4种菊酯类杀虫剂在不同温度下对枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜流动性的影响不同,高效氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯和甲氰菊酯对线粒体膜流动性的影响基本不受温度影响,而氯菊酯在高温条件下产生的影响大,在低温条件下产生的影响小,表现为明显的正温度系数。表明DPH可以作为荧光探剂研究枸杞蚜虫线粒体膜的流动性。     

新时期公共图书馆为农民工提供信息服务初探

以我国全面推进公益性文化设施免费开放的政策为背景．通过分析农民工主要的信息需求和公共图书馆为农民工提供信息服务的可行性．提出了公共图书馆为农民工提供信息服务的有效措施。     

Design of Automatic Quasi-synchronizing Device in Rural Small Hydropower Station

Generator synchronization is an important and frequent operation in rural small hydropower station. In order to ensure that generator can be paralleled in the grid automatically, efficiently, and stably in the rural small hydropower station whose parallel in operation still needs to be accomplished manually. This paper described an automatic quasi-synchronizing device, based on 89C52 Single-chip Microcomputer （SCM）. Its hardware includes three modules and its software is structuralized. The device structure is simple, and its reliability is high and the maintenance is easy. Besides, convenient Human Machine Interface （HMI） makes the parameter setting simple and flexible     

Mutant-prevention concentrations of enrofloxacin for Escherichia coli isolates from chickens

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the development of enrofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli isolates obtained from chickens by determining mutant-prevention concentrations (MPCs) and sequence the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of gyrA and parC genes in selected isolates. SAMPLE POPULATION: 15 chicken-derived E coli isolates. PROCEDURES: For all isolates, MPC and minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of enrofloxacin were determined. The MPCs and maximum serum drug concentrations attained with enrofloxacin doses recommended for treatment of E coli infections in chickens were compared. Mutation frequencies and QRDR sequence changes in gyrA and parC were also determined. RESULTS: In 2 of 15 E coli strains, MPCs were low (0.016 and 0.062 microg/mL), MPC:MIC ratios were 2 and 4, and the GyrA and ParC proteins had no mutations. In 9 susceptible isolates with a GyrA point mutation, MPCs ranged from 2 to 16 microg/mL. For isolates with double mutations in GyrA and a single mutation in ParC, MPCs were > 32 microg/mL (several fold greater than the maximal plasma concentration of enrofloxacin in chickens); mutation frequencies were also much lower, compared with frequencies for single-mutation isolates. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: For E coli infections of chickens, MPC appears to be useful for determining enrofloxacin-dosing strategies. The high MPC:MIC ratio may result in enrofloxacin-treatment failure in chickens infected with some wild-type gyrA E coli isolates despite the isolates' enrofloxacin susceptibility (MICs 0.125 to 1 microg/mL). For infections involving isolates with high MPCs, especially those containing mutations in gyrA and parC genes, treatment with combinations of antimicrobials should be adopted.     

二化螟dsRNA降解酶基因的克隆与表达分析

为解析二化螟Chilo suppressalis体内参与降解双链RNA(double-stranded RNA,dsRNA)的关键核酸酶的功能,克隆二化螟不同的非专一性核酸酶（non-specific nuclease,NUC）基因,并对这些基因进行生物信息学分析和组织定量表达分析,同时对dsRNA降解酶（dsRNA degrading nuclease,dsRNase）活力的组织分布进行研究。结果显示,共克隆获得5个NUC基因,其中有4个编码dsRNase亚家族基因（CsdsRNase1～CsdsRNase4）和1个编码Endonuclease G亚家族基因（CsEndoG）。5个NUC基因的开放阅读框核苷酸序列长度范围为828～1 338 bp,编码275～445个氨基酸残基,其分子量大小为31.68～49.57 kD,预测等电点为5.48～9.42。CsdsRNase1和CsdsRNase2含有信号肽序列,两者相似度极高,且与家蚕Bombyx mori和斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura中具有dsRNA降解酶活力的dsRNase同源聚类;CsdsRNase1和CsdsRN...