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Joyce Njoloma Kazunori Tanaka Tasuku Shimizu Tomohiro Nishiguchi Muhammad Zakria Ryo Akashi Moriya Oota Shoichiro Akao 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2006,43(2):137-143
In this study, we used Herbaspirillum sp. B501gfp1 (B501gfp1), an isolate from wild rice, to investigate the interaction between a non-host nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacterium and micropropagated sugarcane plants under aseptic condition. Two Japanese sugarcane plants (Saccharum sp.) cultivars (cvs) NiF8 and Ni15 were inoculated using B501gfp1 in two inoculum doses of 108 and 102 bacterial-cells-per-milliliter suspension. The results showed that bacterial cells colonized both the root and stem tissues, and colonization was apparent in the intercellular spaces. Higher bacterial numbers were detected in plant tissues inoculated with the higher inoculum concentration treatment. Bacterial numbers also varied between the two cultivars, with the higher values determined in cv Ni15. This study provides evidence that Herbaspirillum sp. B501gfp1, a rice isolate, could colonize sugarcane tissues, suggesting non-specificity of host plant among endophytes. 相似文献
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Murakami T Kobayashi Y Chiba S Kurauchi Y Sakamoto H Sasaki M Matsui T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(9):1195-1197
Humeral chondrosarcoma was found in an 18-year-old male Hokkaido brown bear (Ursus arctos yesoensis). Necropsy revealed a large firm mass under the left superficial pectoral muscle at the axillary region. The mass involved the left shoulder joint and peripheral muscles, and connected to the head of the humerus with osteolysis. Histopathologically, the mass was composed of irregularly shaped myxomatous to cartilaginous tumor lobules. The tumor cell showed moderate nuclear atypia with a relatively high mitotic index, especially in the edges of the myxomatous lobules. The tumor cells were positively immunostained with vimentin and S-100 protein. Based on these findings, the tumors were diagnosed as chondrosarcoma. Metastases were found in the left axillary lymph node, lungs, liver and kidney. 相似文献
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Water shortages during the dry season threaten sustainable agricultural production in Nganjuk District, East Java, Indonesia. To mitigate this problem, farmers adopted conjunctive use of surface water and groundwater, but the sustainability of this practice has not been investigated. This study temporally and spatially assessed water allocation in Nganjuk District when conjunctive irrigation was used. In particular, the land cover, water balance, and irrigation well density (IWD) were analyzed using time series GIS and remote sensing data to obtain their temporal and spatial distributions. First, the land cover was analyzed to determine cropping intensity, and the water balance was analyzed temporally and spatially. IWD was introduced to facilitate the water balance analysis. Second, the land cover, water balance, and IWD results were overlaid. Third, the effectiveness of the IWD method, the magnitude of water shortages, and the sustainability of groundwater resources were considered. Temporal and spatial water shortages in irrigation blocks were observed during the dry season. The change of storage showed a surplus during the wet and early dry seasons and a shortage during the late dry season. The annual water balances indicated that the southern part had a surplus, and the northern part experienced water shortages, especially downstream of the Widas River. Conjunctive use during the late dry season was predominant and concentrated in the southern part (83% of southern blocks). IWD was appropriate for examining groundwater use trends and was effective for expressing average withdrawal data (R 2 = 0.87). 相似文献
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Isolation and culture of rabbit primordial germ cells 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Kakegawa R Teramura T Takehara T Anzai M Mitani T Matsumoto K Saeki K Sagawa N Fukuda K Hosoi Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(5):352-357
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are embryonic precursors of the gametes of adult animals and are considered stem cells of the germline. Since their proliferation in vitro correlates well with the schedule of developmental changes in vivo, they might be interesting research tools for genomic imprinting, germ-cell tumors and fertility. Furthermore, once primordial germ cells are separated and placed on a feeder layer with cytokines, they become cultured pluripotent cell lines called embryonic germ (EG) cells. EG cells share several important characteristics with embryonic stem (ES) cells as they can also contribute to the germ line of chimeras. To investigate the characteristics of PGCs and establish rabbit EG (rEG) cells, we cultured rabbit PGCs (rPGCs) in vitro with various combinations of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and forskolin on inactivated mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) feeder layers. The present study found PGC proliferation in early cultures and induction of rEG-like colonies. These cells expressed pluripotent markers, such as alkaline phosphatase activity, OCT-4, Sox-2 and SSEA-1, in the undifferentiated state; however, the cells did not develop into a teratoma when injected into the kidney capsules of SCID mice, although the restricted differentiation potentials to neural cells were determined via embryoid body formation. From these characteristics and further characterization of the germ stem cell markers Vasa, SCP-1 and SCP-3, we suggested that these were hybrid cells with characteristics somewhere between PGC and EG cells. 相似文献
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Immune synergistic oligodeoxynucleotide from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG enhances the immune response upon co‐stimulation by bacterial and fungal cell wall components
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Shireen Nigar Yoshinari Yamamoto Takuma Okajima Takashi Sato Tasuku Ogita Takeshi Shimosato 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(10):1504-1511
Bacterial genomic DNA has recently been shown to elicit a highly evolved immune defense. This response can be selectively triggered for a wide range of therapeutic applications, including use as a vaccine adjuvant to immunotherapies for allergy, cancer, and infectious diseases. Previously, we identified a low‐concentration immune synergistic oligodeoxynucleotide (iSN‐ODN, named iSN34) from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG that has immunosynergistic activity upon costimulation of target cells with ligands of Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9). Here, we extend that observation by demonstrating the synergistic induction (in mouse splenocytes) of IL‐6 by the combination of iSN34 with cell wall components of bacteria and fungi. We observed that splenocytes pretreated with iSN34 and then costimulated with agonists for TLR1/2 (Pam3CSK4), TLR4 (lipopolysaccharide), or TLR2/6 (Zymosan) exhibited enhanced accumulation of IL‐6. These results suggested that the combination of iSN34 with TLR1/2, TLR4, or TLR2/6 agonists may permit the induction of a potent immune response. 相似文献
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Hohdatsu T Yamato H Ohkawa T Kaneko M Motokawa K Kusuhara H Kaneshima T Arai S Koyama H 《Veterinary microbiology》2003,97(1-2):31-44
The Type II feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) infection of feline macrophages is enhanced by a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to the S protein of FIPV. This antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) activity increased with the MAb that showed a neutralizing activity with feline kidney cells, suggesting that there was a distinct correlation between ADE activity and the neutralizing activity. The close association between enhancing and neutralizing epitopes is an obstacle to developing a vaccine containing only neutralizing epitopes without enhancing epitopes. In this study, we immunized cats with cell lysate with recombinant baculovirus-expressed N protein of the Type I FIPV strain KU-2 with an adjuvant and investigated its preventive effect on the progression of FIP. Cats immunized with this vaccine produced antibodies against FIPV virion-derived N protein but did not produce virus-neutralizing antibodies. A delayed type hypersensitivity skin response to N protein was observed in these vaccinated cats, showing that cell mediated immunity against the FIPV antigen was induced. When these vaccinated cats were challenged with a high dose of heterologous FIPV, the survival rate was 75% (6/8), while the survival rate in the control group immunized with SF-9 cell-derived antigen was 12.5% (1/8). This study showed that immunization with the cell lysate with baculovirus-expressed N protein was effective in preventing the progression of FIP without inducing ADE of FIPV infection in cats. 相似文献
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Critical roles of activation-induced cytidine deaminase in the homeostasis of gut flora 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fagarasan S Muramatsu M Suzuki K Nagaoka H Hiai H Honjo T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5597):1424-1427
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) plays an essential role in class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM) of immunoglobulin genes. We report here that deficiency in AID results in the development of hyperplasia of isolated lymphoid follicles (ILFs) associated with a 100-fold expansion of anaerobic flora in the small intestine. Reduction of bacterial flora by antibiotic treatment of AID-/- mice abolished ILF hyperplasia as well as the germinal center enlargement seen in secondary lymphoid tissues. Because an inability to switch to immunoglobulin A on its own does not lead to a similar phenotype, these results suggest that SHM of ILF B cells plays a critical role in regulating intestinal microflora. 相似文献
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Kawasumi M Anzai M Takehara T Mitani T Kato H Saeki K Iritani A Matsumoto K Hosoi Y 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(3):615-622
The majority of somatic cell nuclear transferred (SCNT) embryos die before or after implantation. Many studies have focused on morphological remodeling of the donor nucleus and its associated cytoskeletal structures in the early events of nuclear transfer. However, little is known about the 2-cell stage of SCNT embryos after the first division. In this study, we compared the morphological status of chromosomal division during the 1-cell stage to the 2-cell stage in SCNT embryos with that in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) embryos. The microtubules and cytoplasmic asters, which are related to chromatin segregation, disappeared at the pronuclear stage, although formation of the first mitotic spindle was normal in both the SCNT and ICSI embryos. However, nuclear fragmentation was observed in 30% of the 2-cell SCNT embryos and 12% of the 2-cell ICSI embryos. Nuclear fragmentation was present in both blastomeres of these embryos. No apoptotic DNA fragmentation was observed in TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assays for either the SCNT or ICSI embryos. In both the SCNT and ICSI embryos, the distribution of chromosomes in the first mitotic spindle was disturbed during the process of division from the 1-cell stage to the 2-cell stage. These results suggest that loss of SCNT embryos just before or after implantation may be due to an abnormal chromosome distribution at the 2-cell stage. 相似文献