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排序方式: 共有101条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
Kuniyoshi Shimizu Shoko Fukunaga Keisuke Yoshikawa Ryuichiro Kondo 《Journal of Wood Science》2007,53(2):153-160
The effects of 120 methanol extracts prepared from bark and heartwood of 69 types of Japanese wood on the melanin production
of B16 melanoma cells were examined. The melanin content of B16 melanoma cells was determined spectrophotometrically at 405nm.
The extracts were also examined for their effects on cell viability. We found that the methanol extracts of Fagus crenata (buna, wood, 100μg/ml), Sapium sebiferum (Nankinhaze, wood, bark, 10μg/ml), and Zelkova serrata (keyaki, wood, 10μg/ml) greatly inhibited the melanin production of B16 melanoma cells without significant cytotoxicity.
However, these extracts did not inhibit tyrosinase activity at the concentration of 100μg/ml. These findings indicate that
the depigmenting mechanism of these extracts involves the suppression of some pigmenting signals in stimulating melanogenesis
rather than the inhibition of tyrosinase activity.
Part of this study was presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Fukuoka, Japan, March 2003 相似文献
2.
Koji Yoshida Shoko Inaba Chisato Takenaka Takafumi Tezuka 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(2):157-161
To clarify the nutrient status in momi fir (Abies firma Sieb. et Zucc.) seedlings under complex stress conditions of acid fog with soil acidification or nitrogen loading, we exposed seedling shoots to simulated acid fog (pH 3) and simultaneously loaded the soil with acid or excess nitrogen for 17 months. Proton and nitrogen loading reduced K concentration in soil, but these treatments had little effect on the nutrient status of fine roots in momi fir seedlings. Acid fog exposure resulted in reduced concentrations of Mg, Al, and Fe in current-year needles and Mg, Al, Cu, Fe, and Zn in 1-year-old needles. The complex effects of acid fog exposure with proton or nitrogen loading on nutrient status were relatively slight. However, elements such as Al and Cu notably reflect the effects of proton loading. These results show that the nutrient status of trace elements, rather than major elements, in needles of momi fir seedlings is sensitive to exposure to acid fog or proton loading. 相似文献
3.
Masatomi Hosoi Chuya Shinzato Masaya Takagi Shoko Hosoi-Tanabe Hideki Sawada Eri Terasawa Haruhiko Toyohara 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(2):385-394
ABSTRACT: Taurine is the primary osmolyte in marine molluscs, whose cellular osmo-conforming process is vital for environmental adaptation because of a lack of osmotic homeostasis. Here, cDNA cloning and expression, and functional analyses of taurine transporter (TAUT) from the giant Pacific oyster are reported on. The deduced amino-acid sequence of oyster TAUT (oyTAUT) showed 47–51% identity to those of vertebrate TAUT, whereas identity among the vertebrates is 78–95%. Functional analysis of oyTAUT expressed in Xenopus oocytes revealed that oyTAUT has a lower affinity and specificity for taurine and a requirement for higher NaCl concentration, compared with vertebrate TAUT. Taken together with similar functional properties of TAUT from mussel, indicated by our previous study, it is possible that these functional features reflect the internal environment of the molluscs (i.e. higher taurine and NaCl concentrations). Oyster taurine transporter mRNA expression was induced by not only hyper-osmotic stress, similar to other TAUT, but also hypo-osmotic stress. It is speculated that the expression in response to hypo-osmotic stress was induced by a substantial decrease in tissue taurine content following the decrease in the internal osmolality. 相似文献
4.
Lipid contents and compositions of the bleached Okinawan corals were analyzed for the first time. Bleached corals collected
at Sesoko Okinawa, Japan (26°38′N, 127°52′E), after the 1998 bleaching event showed decreased lipid content with a concomitant
decline of wax in the lipid composition. The reductionin the lipid content of corals showed diversity depending on their colony
morphology. On the whole, corals of massive morphology were relatively rich in lipid even after the bleaching event, and hence
lesser reduction in the lipid content compared with the cases for those of branching morphology. Furthermore, there was a
positive correlation between lipid content and zooxanthellae density in the bleached corals, suggesting again the importance
of symbiont for the supply of lipid to the host cells, and hence for the survival of the bleaching event. 相似文献
5.
Ryoma?KamikawaEmail author Shoko?Hosoi-Tanabe Satoshi?Nagai Shigeru?Itakura Yoshihiko?Sako 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(5):987-991
ABSTRACT: The cysts of toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense are the seed population for the bloom responsible for paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). However, it is impossible to identify the Alexandrium spp. cyst on the basis of morphological features. In this study, we prepared A. tamarense cysts by sexual conjugation in laboratory conditions and developed an efficient DNA extraction method for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Using the A. tamarense cysts, we established the identification and quantification method showing the species specificity and the high sensistivity for A. tamarense cysts using real-time PCR. This assay was also able to detect and quantify the A. tamarense cysts accurately when mixed with excess cysts of A. catenella (Whedon and Kofoid) Balech prepared by conjugation experiment. 相似文献
6.
Yukako Ogiri Fang Sun Shoko Hayami Aki Fujimura Kinue Yamamoto Maki Yaita Shosuke Kojo 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(1):227-229
The biological activity of L-dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), which is easily formed from L-ascorbic acid (ASC) during storage and cooking processes, has been considered to be equivalent to that of ASC on the basis of studies made several decades ago, when a specific method to determine ASC was not available. The nutritional activity of orally ingested DHA has now been evaluated by comparing ASC concentrations in 12 tissues of rats administered four different doses of ASC. Determinations were made by using the specific and sensitive method, which had been developed by us. Here it is shown that the efficiency of DHA was almost 10% of that of ASC on a molar basis, based on animal experiments using the inherently scorbutic ODS rat, which is a convenient human model animal to investigate the metabolism of vitamin C. On the basis of these findings, it is proposed that it is necessary to reevaluate the nutritional requirement of vitamin C based on both ASC and DHA contents of foods. 相似文献
7.
Tian-Xiao Meng Shoko Furuta Sayaka Fukamizu Ryoko Yamamoto Hiroya Ishikawa Enos Tangke Arung Kuniyoshi Shimizu Shoji Ohga Ryuichiro Kondo 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(5):452-458
Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer has recently become a popular delicacy in East Asian countries. We prepared a methanol extract, soluble fractions
from the methanol extract, and a hot water extract of the fruiting bodies of P. citrinopileatus. The biological activities such as melanin biosynthesis inhibition, tyrosinase inhibition, antioxidant activities [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH) radical scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity], antibacterial
activities, and antihyaluronidase activities of these extracts were evaluated. We found that the n-hexanesoluble, diethyl ether-soluble, and ethyl acetate-soluble fractions exhibited melanin biosynthesis inhibition in B16
melanoma cells, as well as antioxidant (ORAC) and antibacterial activities. However, the n-butanol-soluble and water-soluble fractions and the methanol and hot water extracts exhibited antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging,
SOD-like activity) and antihyaluronidase activities. These results indicate that the fruiting bodies of P. citrinopileatus have the potential to be used as an ingredient in skin cosmetics. 相似文献
8.
We found that, in the mouse visual cortex, action potentials generated in a single layer-2/3 pyramidal (excitatory) neuron can reliably evoke large, constant-latency inhibitory postsynaptic currents in other nearby pyramidal cells. This effect is mediated by axo-axonic ionotropic glutamate receptor-mediated excitation of the nerve terminals of inhibitory interneurons, which connect to the target pyramidal cells. Therefore, individual cortical excitatory neurons can generate inhibition independently from the somatic firing of inhibitory interneurons. 相似文献
9.
T. Onaga H. Okada S. Hagiwara C. Nagashima H. Inoue W. Korczynski S. Kato 《Research in veterinary science》2001,71(3):189-195
The present study was planned to evaluate a role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of regular ruminal contractions in conscious sheep. Intravenous infusion of S-nitroso-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP) at doses of 3-30 nmol kg(-1) min(-1)for 30 minutes inhibited both the amplitude and frequency of ruminal contractions in a dose-dependent manner. However, intravenous infusion of Nomega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME) at doses of 0.3-3.0 micromol kg(-1) min(-1)did not alter the basal tone of intraruminal pressure and the amplitude of ruminal contractions. The frequency of contractions was slightly inhibited by L-NAME infusion at 1.0 micromol kg(-1)min(-1). The effects of L-NAME were abolished by simultaneous infusion of L -arginine at 30 micromol kg(-1) min(-1). These results suggest that exogenous NO can diminish the ruminal contractions, while endogenous NO is not involved in the regulatory mechanism of basal tone and regular phasic contractions of the rumen in healthy sheep. 相似文献
10.
Tadao Mitui Hiroshi Onaga Yoji Nagasawa Yoshitoshi Nomura Shigemi Kuramasu 《Veterinary microbiology》1981,6(4):339-349
A latex agglutination test was evaluated as a method for the detection and titration of antibodies against swine Haemophilus infection and it was found that the test is applicable to the etiologic diagnosis of Haemophilus infection in swine. In swine infected experimentally with H. pleuropneumoniae (H. parahaemolyticus), the micromethod of agglutination using latex particles coated with antigens of H. pleuropneumoniae was found to be comparable agar-gel immunodiffusion and complement-fixation tests, which have previously been used for the etiologic diagnosis of the disease. Antibody titers determined by the latex agglutination test corrlated well with those determined by the other serological tests. The latex agglutination test tended to detect antibodies earlier than any of the other tests. By the latex agglutination test, weak cross-reactions were observed among different serotypes of H. pleuropneumoniae, whereas no cross-reaction was demonstrated between H, pleurophneumoniae and H. parasuis. The latex agglutination test was found to be simple and useful for the serological survey of swine Haemophilus infection, especially when dealing with a large number of samples. 相似文献