信鸽新城疫并发大肠杆菌病的诊治

鸽新城疫又称鸽瘟或鸽Ⅰ型副粘病毒病 ,是由鸽Ⅰ型副粘病毒引起的一种高度接触性、败血型传染病。主要表现为腹泻、神经紊乱、呼吸困难及浆膜、粘膜出血等 ;鸽大肠杆菌病是由大肠埃希氏杆菌感染所引起的局部或全身性感染的疾病。若新城疫和大肠杆菌并发 ,将给养鸽爱好者以很大的经济损失和精神打击。现将本人在临床上遇到的两起病例介绍给大家 ,以供参考。1发病情况2003年5月初 ,平顶山市郊西信鸽爱好者相继到我中心 ,叙述了其200多只信鸽参赛后大群出现拉稀、精神不振 ,个别眼流泪 ,有神经症状 ,用氟哌酸、阿莫西林、痢特灵、氯霉素治疗 ,…     

羔羊全营养代乳粉对羔羊增重影响的试验

为了研究羔羊出生后采取人工饲喂代乳粉溶液的效果，对10日龄羔羊称重，以平均日增重与母乳组比较，用t检验方法检验差异显著性。研究结果显示羔羊平均日增重试验组为0.097-0.126kg，母乳组为0.071-0.113kg，二者没有显著差异。在生产中，代乳粉能替代绵羊母乳饲喂羔羊，对多胎品系羊的推广应用以及解决绵羊缺乳、少乳或无乳问题具有重要意义。     

依托三大支柱发展犬业经济

当今社会科技日新月异，推动着社会文明进程和经济的快速发展，全球犬业呈现出蓬勃生机。纵观国内外犬业发展史，大多以优良品种、训用技术技能、器具研发为犬业的三大支柱，三方面强则犬业兴。笔者现就发展我国犬业的思考抛砖引玉，愿与犬业界有识之士共商。     

Infectious disease serologic survey in free-ranging Venezuelan anacondas (Eunectes murinus).

Reptiles can harbor pathogenic microorganisms asymptomatically and serve as potential reservoirs of infection for humans, domestic animals, and other reptiles. Infectious diseases are also problematic for free-ranging reptile populations and are an important consideration in reptile reintroduction and translocation projects. There have been limited serologic studies of free-ranging reptiles for evidence of exposure to potential pathogens. In the present study, serum or plasma samples from five male and five female free-ranging Venezuelan anacondas (Eunectes murinus) were screened for antibodies to eastern, western, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses, vesicular stomatitis virus, ophidian paramyxovirus, 19 Leptospira interrogans serovars, and Cryptosporidium serpentes. Antibodies to these agents were not detected, or antibody titers were low and possibly nonspecific. These results for the limited number of anacondas surveyed suggest that they do not serve as significant reservoirs for these infectious agents at this location.     

北疆棉区打本调控棉纤维生态位适宜度的研究

以北疆高产棉田棉纤维作为研究对象,引入生态位适宜度理论,对三个打原次数不同的处理的棉花群体棉纤维生态位适宜度进行分析研究,结果表明用生态位适宜度来评价棉纤维品质是切实可行的,三个打顶处理中7月10日和7月25日打顶棉株棉纤维生态位适宜度均为中部最高,并且随着棉花群体打顸次数的增加,其下部棉纤维生态位适宜度较上部有逐渐增高的趋势,与一次打顶相比较,其二、三次打顶棉株上、下部棉纤维生态位适宜度均升高.二、三次打顶处理中的6月25日打顶棉株棉纤维生态位适宜度最大值所在部位上移至棉株上部.     

优氯净对苏云金杆菌伴孢晶体消毒效果及机理的研究

苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简称BT菌)的伴孢晶体被优氯净液处理后,在相差显微镜下观察,失去暗蓝色光泽,呈暗黑色,难溶于碱性缓冲液。虽能溶于昆虫的胃液,却失去致病性。用扫描电镜和SDS—聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进一步研究,结果表明:优氯净能破坏伴孢晶体蛋白的一级和立体结构,使晶体蛋白失活,达到消毒的目的。消毒能力测定结果表明:1毫升0.03％有效氯优氯净液在3分钟内能消毒50微升BT菌液(3μg伴孢晶体/μl菌液)。消毒BT菌污染桑叶,用0.01％有效氯优氯净液浸泡3分钟即可。考虑到生产上的安全性,我们建议用0.05％有效氯优氯净消毒3—5分钟。     

小兴安岭蕨类植物生态特性的研究

采用样线与样方相结合的调查方法，根据点相关系数及Ｘ＾２值连续性较正公式，测定了小兴安岭凉水自然保护区具有环境梯度的７个森林类型内主要蕨类植物的种间联结。结果表明：各林型均有其适生的蕨类类群，与该类群呈正联结的蕨类种其数量分布也多，反之刚少；具有环境梯度的不同林型序列，反映出蕨类植物适生生境的不同，据此，将本区主要蕨类植物分为４种生态类型。     

‘Plantibodies’: a flexible approach to design resistance against pathogens

Engineering resistance against various diseases and pests is hampered by the lack of suitable genes. To overcome this problem we started a research program aimed at obtaining resistance by transfecting plants with genes encoding monoclonal antibodies against pathogen specific proteins. The idea is that monoclonal antibodies will inhibit the biological activity of molecules that are essential for the pathogenesis. Potato cyst nematodes are chosen as a model and it is thought that monoclonal antibodies are able to block the function of the saliva proteins of this parasite. These proteins are, among others, responsible for the induction of multinucleate transfer cells upon which the nematode feeds. It is well documented that the ability of antibodies to bind molecules is sufficient to inactivate the function of an antigen and in view of the potential of animals to synthesize antibodies to almost any molecular structure, this strategy should be feasible for a wide range of diseases and pests.Antibodies have several desirable features with regard to protein engineering. The antibody (IgG) is a Y-shaped molecule, in which the domains forming the tips of the arms bind to antigen and those forming the stem are responsible for triggering effector functions (Fc fragments) that eliminate the antigen from the animal. Domains carrying the antigen-binding loops (Fv and Fab fragments) can be used separately from the Fc fragments without loss of affinity. The antigen-binding domains can also be endowed with new properties by fusing them to toxins or enzymes. Antibody engineering is also facilitated by the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). A systematic comparison of the nucleotide sequence of more than 100 antibodies revealed that not only the 3′-ends, but also the 5′-ends of the antibody genes are relatively conserved. We were able to design a small set of primers with restriction sites for forced cloning, which allowed the amplification of genes encoding antibodies specific for the saliva proteins ofGlobodera rostochiensis. Complete heavy and light chain genes as well as single chain Fv fragments (scFv), in which the variable parts of the light (V_L) and heavy chain (V_H) are linked by a peptide, will be transferred to potato plants. A major challenge will be to establish a correct expression of the antibody genes with regard to three dimensional folding, assembly and intracellular location.