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1.
H.A. ELSHEIKH I.A. OSMAN & B.H. ALI 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1997,20(4):262-266
In this investigation the pharmacokinetics of three commonly used antibiotics, ampicillin trihydrate (10 mg/kg), gentamicin sulphate (3 mg/kg) and oxytetracycline hydrochloride (5 mg/kg), given intravenously, were each studied in five Nubian goats and five desert sheep. The pharmacokinetic parameters were described by a two-compartment open model. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the two species in some kinetic parameters of ampicillin and oxytetracycline but not gentamicin. Ampicillin elimination half life ( t 1/2β ) in goats (1.20 h) was shorter than that in sheep (2.48 h), and its clearance ( Cl ) significantly higher in goats (2921mL/h·kg) compared to sheep (262 mL/h·kg) ( P < 0.01). Ampicillin volume of distribution ( V darea ) was found to be significantly larger in goats (5673 mL/kg) than in sheep (992 mL/kg) ( P < 0.01). For oxytetracycline, the t 1/2β in goats (3.89 h) was significantly shorter than that in sheep (6.30 h) and the Cl value in goats (437 mL/h·kg) was significantly higher than in sheep (281 mL/h·kg). The results suggest that when treating sheep and goats, the pharmacokinetic differences between the two species must be considered in order to optimize the therapeutic doses of ampicillin and oxytetracycline. 相似文献
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利用叶绿素仪和叶色卡实施旱直播稻田的实地氮肥管理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
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Comparative pharmacokinetics of paracetamol (acetaminophen) and its sulphate and glucuronide metabolites in desert camels and goats 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
B. H. ALI Z. CHENG† G. EL HADRAMI‡ A. K. BASHIR Q. A. MCKELLAR† 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1996,19(3):238-244
Paracetamol was administered at dosages of 5 mg/kg to camels and 10 mg/kg to goats by the intravenous and intramuscular routes. Parent paracetamol had a significantly slower clearance (21.9 ± 1.4 mL/min.kg vs. 52.8 ± 7.3 mL/min.kg) (P < 0.01) in camels than in goats. In camels the predominant metabolite in plasma was the sulphate, although the ratios of glucuronide:paracetamol and sulphate:paracetamol were similar (5.20 ± 0.50 vs. 6.59 ± 0.51) following intravenous administration. In goats the glucuronide metabolite was the predominant moiety in plasma, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the sulphate was only 3.89% of that of the glucuronide conjugate. The apparent AUC for paracetamol in the camel following intramuscular administration was larger than that following intravenous administration, however, when the bioavailability (F) was determined, with correction for altered half-life, within the animal and between study phases it was 71 ± 17% in goats and 105 ± 26% in camels. 相似文献
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哈萨克族的草原游牧文化(Ⅱ)——哈萨克族的游牧生产 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
哈萨克族是世界上最喜欢牲畜和善于饲养牲畜的民族之一。创造了一整套与自然环境相适应的生存技能,使得自然环境始终保持一种良好的存在状态。哈萨克族游牧文化的生产、生活方式及技能是以自然的适应作为前提条件。其实质造就了游牧文化中的物质生产的特征,进而决定了整个生产、生活方式的某些基本特征。如游牧生产具有游移性、实用性、简约性、稳定性;有适应游牧的家畜;有与环境相适应的生活用品,如适应游牧的衣物、食品、毡房等;在畜牧生产中有四季草地的利用标准;畜群结构的控制;转场中的环保习俗;狩猎中的习俗等。哈萨克族有适应游牧生活的独特的民族手工艺产业。 相似文献
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哈萨克族的草原游牧文化(Ⅰ)——哈萨克族的形成、分布及宗教信仰 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
研究哈萨克族的游牧文化对保护西北草原生态环境、巩固民族团结、促进少数民族地区经济发展和中华民族和谐统一具有十分重要的意义。哈萨克族是由古代许多部落和部族不断分化并逐步融合而成的,最主要的族源应是6世纪出现在汉文史籍中的"可萨",塞种、乌孙、匈奴、康居、可萨和突厥等是哈萨克族较早的民族源流。哈萨克语属阿尔泰语系突厥语族克普恰克语支,保留了丰富的古代突厥语词汇。哈萨克分布在世界40多个国家和地区,但至今没有任何方言。中国的哈萨克族主要分布在新疆北疆地区,且甘肃、青海都有分布。哈萨克先民曾使用过回鹘文等多种文字,现使用以阿拉伯字母为基础的拼音文字。历史上哈萨克族信仰过拜物教、萨满教、佛教、景教,最后信奉的是伊斯兰教,接受了伊斯兰文化。 相似文献
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沙漠地区不同下垫面近地表沙尘水平通量研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
沙漠地区近地表水平输送的沙尘物质通量及其随高度的变化特征直接影响着沙尘的输送过程。选择塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中地区的典型沙丘、平沙地为观测点,利用BSNE集沙仪,对2008-2009年11次典型沙尘天气过程中近地表0~200 cm不同高度层沙尘物质的水平输送进行了测量,对其随高度变化特征进行分析,计算近地表水平运动的总沙尘通量。结果表明:近地表0~200 cm范围内,在沙丘顶部和平沙地沙尘水平通量均随高度呈显著降低趋势,在这2种下垫面条件下,沙尘水平通量随高度的变化均较好地符合幂函数关系;在沙丘顶部,通过100 cm(宽度)×200 cm(高度)空间断面的总沙尘水平通量为3 721.0 kg,平沙地通过相同大小断面的沙尘水平通量为2 252.9 kg,比沙丘顶部减少了39.5%;沙丘顶部与平沙地PM80的总水平通量分别为996.8 kg和678.9 kg。 相似文献
10.
水培法磷矿石对小麦生长的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Screening cultivars to grow under conditions of low phosphorus (P) availability and utilize P efficiently from compounds of low solubility in soils may be beneficial to overcome poor plant growth in P-deficient soils.The growth behavior and P utilization efficiency of seven wheat cultivars grown in hydroponics were studied,using rock phosphate as P source.The wheat cultivars grown for 30 days were significantly different in biomass accumulation,P uptake and P utilization efficiency.The dry matter production of all the cultivars was significantly correlated with P uptake,which in turn correlated to the drop in the root medium pH.The ranking of wheat cultivars on the basis of dry matter yield,P uptake and P utilization efficiency was Zamindar 80 > Yccora > C 271 > WL 711 > Barani 83 > PARI 73 > Rohtas.The cultivar Zamindar 80 appeared to possess the best growth potential in P-deficient soils. 相似文献