应用液态悬浮芯片技术建立17种大肠杆菌耐药基因多重快速检测方法

为建立一种快速、高通量的多重耐药基因检测方法,利用Luminex液态芯片平台,建立了可同时检测17种耐药基因的液态芯片检测方法。该方法对大肠杆菌常见的七大类抗菌药物所对应的17种耐药基因（blaSHV、blaCMY-1、Aph3-IIa-1、aac(6)-Ib-cr、aadA-1、cmlA-1、gyrA、mcr-1、NDM-1、parC、qnrS-1、sul-1、sul-2、sul-3、tetA、tetB、tetX）进行序列分析,随后依次对其设计多重PCR特异性引物,构建特异的阳性质粒作为阳性参比品进行液态芯片检测条件优化,从而进行多重耐药基因液态芯片检测方法的研发。结果显示：成功构建了17种耐药基因的阳性质粒,并建立了两套体系用于检测17种耐药基因。在特异性试验中,两套体系中的检测信号无干扰,具有较高的特异性数值;敏感性试验中,体系一的单一质粒最低检测量为102~104 copies/μL,混合质粒为103~105 copies/μL;体系二的单一质粒最低检测量为102~105 copies/μL,混合质粒为104~106 copies/μL;有效性试验中,液态芯片法与PCR检测结果的Kappa值多在0.60以上,具有高度一致性。结果表明,本研究建立的2套液态芯片检测体系具有高通量、高灵敏和高特异性的优点,可同时对17种耐药基因进行检测,能够达到快速检测的目的。     

An Expert Knowledge-acquisition Method on Line of Automatic Excluding Errors

Aimed at soving the problem existing in the knowledge-acquisition directing-operation expert systems, a new method is proposed to acquire knowledge of expert-operation, excluding errors existed in examples and reinforce the accuracy of examples,the goal of knowledge acquisition can be achieved, the method presented in this paper solves the problem of self-enhancement of expert knowledge on line efficiently.     

A Kind of Directing Operation Expert Systems Based on Self-adaptive Predictor

In the general directing-operation expert systems.the information of directingoperation is often shown after the subprocess has finished,The aim of the thesis is to enhance thefunction of directing-operation,and suggest that we add the self-tuning predictor in the expertsystems and use it to direct the present operation.We have shown the case oftemperature-predicting experiment made in the small wine distillatorv so that we can illustrate thatit is feasible to use the predictor to direct the operation.     

四川省农村人居环境质量时空演化特征与驱动因素

农村人居环境是乡村地区的短板之一,也是乡村振兴的重要建设内容,探究农村人居环境质量的时空演化特征与驱动因素,可为科学有序推进农村人居环境整治提供理论支撑。本研究以四川省为例,系统梳理了四川省农村人居环境政策,并基于统计年鉴和政府公报数据,运用ArcGIS及地理探测器等工具,探究农村人居环境质量时空演化特征以及驱动因素。结果表明：2005—2019年四川省农村人居环境质量逐渐向好,评价分数由0.260上升到0.917,各市（州）间存在显著的地域差异,呈现东高西低的空间格局;农村人居环境质量变化由社会经济子环境单一驱动转变为社会经济与居住支持环境协同驱动;人均生活消费支出、人均可支配收入、生活污水处理率、乡（镇）拥有卫生院数量、乡（镇）拥有文化站数量是影响农村人居环境质量的主导因素。未来,四川省农村人居环境整治应加强公共资源投入及公共服务建设,尤其应注重偏远地区的农村人居环境提升。     

岭头单丛茶加工过程中香气变化研究

岭头单丛茶香精油含量由鲜叶的12.40,经加工逐渐增加到成茶的64.87。香气化合物组成则在做青结束时种类最多,而以成茶最少。鲜叶以芳樟醇及其氧化物、丁基甲酚、3、7-二甲基-1、5、7-辛三烯-3-醇、香叶醇等香气组分为主。晒青叶橙花叔醇大量增加,(顺)-茉莉酮、α-法呢烯、吲哚、香叶醇等香气组分亦增加,芳樟醇及其氧化物、α-萜品醇等香气组分减少。做青过程中香气组分呈不规则变化。杀青叶芳樟醇及其氧化物、3、7-二甲基-1、5、7-辛三烯-3-醇大量增加,香叶醇、(顺)-茉莉酮、α-法呢烯、橙花叔醇等香气组分亦增加,吲哚、丁基甲酚等减少。成茶以芳樟醇及其氧化物、橙花叔醇、香叶醇、(顺)-茉莉酮、3、7-二甲基-1、5、7-辛三烯-3-醇、己醛、吲哚、(反)-2-己烯醛、(顺)-3-己烯基己酸酯等香气组分为特征香气。     

5种细胞质雄性不育小麦败育过程中活性氧代谢保护酶的响应

为了解异质雄性不育小麦败育过程中活性氧代谢中几种保护酶的变化特点,以5种小麦雄性不育系U116A、Ju116A、Va116A、C6116A、K116A及其相应保持系116B为材料,分析了小麦雄性不育系在花药不同发育时期的过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与保持系的差异。结果表明,不育花药的POD活性自单核早期后均比同一发育时期的可育花药高;自单核晚期开始,不育系CAT活性总体上呈下降趋势,而可育系则呈升高趋势;受试材料花药中SOD活性总体呈上升趋势,且不育系高于保持系。经差异分析,不育系U116A、Ju116A、Va116A、C6116A的败育关键期是单核晚期,而K116A的败育关键期则是单核晚期至二核期。以上结果说明,5种异质小麦雄性败育时期有所不同,并且雄性育性与POD、CAT和SOD活性密切相关。     

盐碱地棉花不同种植方式覆膜效应的研究

在轻度和中度盐碱地上进行了棉花平种覆膜、起垄覆膜、开沟覆膜和开沟不覆膜(对照)种植试验.结果表明,一般情况下,棉花各处理比不覆膜种植具有明显的增温、保墒和抑盐效应,对棉花生育和产量均有良好作用。棉花不同种植方式覆膜之间也有一定差异,无论是轻度或中度盐碱地棉田,综合效应以起垄和平种覆膜较好,有效地促进了棉花生育和产量提高,开沟覆膜种植次之,但其抑盐效果差异不明显。     

水貂犬瘟热病的诊治

2001年6月上旬以来,胶东地区部分水貂养殖场出现以双相热、眼结膜炎、脚趾水肿等为特征的疾病.根据流行病学、临床症状、病理剖检、实验室诊断确诊为水貂犬瘟热病,及时采取措施,控制了本病的发展.现将本病的诊断与治疗情况报告如下.     

Effects of Rice-Fish Co-culture on Oxygen Consumption in Intensive Aquaculture Pond

Rice-fish co-culture has gained increasing attention to remediate the negative environmental impacts induced by intensive aquaculture. However, the effect of rice-fish co-culture on oxygen depletion has rarely been investigated. We constructed a rice-fish co-culture system in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) ponds using a new high-stalk rice variety, and conducted a field experiment to investigate the effect of rice-fish co-culture on water parameters and oxygen consumption. The results showed that rice-fish co-culture reduced the nutrients (total nitrogen, ammonia-N, total phosphorous and potassium) and the dissolved oxygen content in fish and shrimp ponds. However, they showed similar seasonal change of dissolved oxygen in the water of fish and shrimp ponds. Rice-fish co-culture reduced the total amount of oxygen consumption and optimized the oxygen consumption structure in pond. The respiration rates in water and sediment were significantly reduced by 66.1% and 31.7% in the catfish pond, and 64.4% and 38.7% in the shrimp pond, respectively, by additional rice cultivation. Rice-fish co-culture decreased the proportions of respiration in sediment and water, and increased the proportion of fish respiration. These results suggest that rice-fish co-culture is an efficient way to reduce hypoxia in intensive culture pond.     

D2型异源细胞质对普通小麦籽粒品质的影响

将粗厚山羊草（６Ｘ）、牡山羊草、瓦维洛夫山羊草等Ｄ２型异源细胞质导入普通小麦,研究它们对普通小麦籽粒品质的的影响。结果表明,Ｄ２型细胞质对提高蛋白质和湿面筋含量的作用很明显;对干面筋含量的影响因品种本身含量高低而不同,对低面筋含量品种的提高作用较大;对沉淀值的影响主要因核型不同而异。认为将Ｄ２型异源细胞质导入普通小麦是一条有效的品质改良途径。