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1.
Fumitaka Kondo Takashi Ohta Toshiharu Iwai Atsushi Ido Chiemi Miura Takeshi Miura 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(6):1543-1555
The improvement in feed efficiency is one of the most important subjects in fish culture. The development of feed, in terms of good intake, high growth performance, and high feed efficiency is needed. Squid viscera are one of the candidates for alternative material in improving feed efficiency in fish culture. In the present study, we described the dietary effect of the squid viscera hydrolysate (SVH) on the growth performance of the red sea bream. The addition of SVH to feed caused significant increases in feed intake, fork length, and body weight and produced a marked improvement in feed conversion after 4 weeks of feeding. Furthermore, the results of this feeding revealed that low dietary levels of SVH promote growth performance in the red sea bream. We physiologically analyzed digestion and appetite in fish fed diet containing SVH. SVH promoted the activity of hepatic trypsin and lipase, gene expression of stomach pepsin, hepatic lipase, and pyloric caeca trypsin, thereby improving the nutrient availability in red sea bream. Moreover, the mRNA expression of appetite regulating factor, such as brain NPY and stomach ghrelin was significantly improved by dietary SVH. Our current results indicate that dietary SVH as alternative material produced excellent effects on growth performance, which is dependent on the promoting effect on digestion and appetite in red sea bream. 相似文献
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Tani K Morimoto M Hayashi T Inokuma H Ohnishi T Hayashiya S Nomura T Une S Nakaichi M Taura Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(6):513-518
Using RT-PCR and semi-quantitative PCR, mRNA expression for canine interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was examined in dogs with or without demodicosis. mRNA expression for IFN-gamma as well as TNF-alpha in dogs with demodicosis (localized (LD) and generalized (GD)) was slightly lower than those in dogs without demodicosis (healthy controls). Expression of IL-5 mRNA in dogs with demodicosis was higher than that in control dogs, but there were no significant differences in IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression levels among the three groups. On the other hand, expression levels of TGF-beta mRNA in dogs with GD were higher than those in control dogs and dogs with LD. The expression levels of IL-5 and TGF-beta mRNA decreased in all three dogs with GD which showed resolution of the clinical signs. Taken together, these results suggest that the Th2-like response in PBMCs from dogs with demodicosis is up-regulated, and that subsequent increased expression of IL-5 and TGF-beta mRNA in dogs with GD is reversible after treatment. Therefore, these cytokines, particularly IL-5, might be a useful clinical index of the clinical course in demodicosis. Also, increased TGF-beta mRNA expression might be a key factor for revealing the difference in the mechanism of onset between LD and GD. 相似文献
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Hirofumi Tanaka Toshiharu Takanashi Masaya Kadota Michihiko Yatazawa 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1972,1(4):343-346
Photosynthesis is reversibly inhibited by exposing plants to SO2. The formation of α-hydroxy sulfonate in the exposed plants is suggested as one of the effects, because this compound inhibits glycolic oxidase which is necessary in the glycolic acid pathway. The suppression of the glycolic acid path should affect various aspects of metabolism in plants, particularly the reduction of the biosynthesis of glycine and serine. In this paper, the biosynthesis of these amino acids in plants exposed to SO2 was investigated to estimate the significance of the formation of α-hydroxy sulfonate in the plants. The results show that photosynthetic formation of serine was reduced in the exposed plants, and that α-hydroxy sulfonate was formed. 相似文献
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Furuike S Hossain MD Maki Y Adachi K Suzuki T Kohori A Itoh H Yoshida M Kinosita K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,319(5865):955-958
F1-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) is an ATP-driven rotary molecular motor in which the central gamma subunit rotates inside a cylinder made of three alpha and three beta subunits alternately arranged. The rotor shaft, an antiparallel alpha-helical coiled coil of the amino and carboxyl termini of the gamma subunit, deeply penetrates the central cavity of the stator cylinder. We truncated the shaft step by step until the remaining rotor head would be outside the cavity and simply sat on the concave entrance of the stator orifice. All truncation mutants rotated in the correct direction, implying torque generation, although the average rotary speeds were low and short mutants exhibited moments of irregular motion. Neither a fixed pivot nor a rigid axle was needed for rotation of F1-ATPase. 相似文献
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The involvement of metabolic enzymes in the resistance of a laboratory colony of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L), to the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid was determined with the synergists piperonyl butoxide (PBO), which suppresses the activity of cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases, and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), an inhibitor of esterases, using the leaf-dipping method. Both PBO and DEF enhanced the insecticidal activity of acetamiprid significantly in the resistant P. xylostella strain but not in a reference strain, suggesting that cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases and esterases play an important role in the resistance of P. xylostella to acetamiprid. The resistant P. xylostella strain was also reared without further exposure to acetamiprid to determine the stability of resistance. Maintaining the resistant strain for seven generations in the absence of selection pressure resulted in a drop in resistance ratio from 110 to 2.42, indicating that acetamiprid resistance in P. xylostella is not stable. 相似文献
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Okawa T Kurio Y Morimoto M Hayashi T Nakagawa T Sasaki N Okuda M Mizuno T 《Research in veterinary science》2012,92(1):80-91
This is the first report describing the expression of canine calreticulin (cCRT) in canine mammary gland tumour (MGT). Using cDNA subtraction method, it is found that mRNAs of CRT, cathepsin A, ovostatin, and lactotransferrin were differentially expressed in mammary adenocarcinoma as compared to hyperplasia, both of which were obtained from the dog. Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of CRT and cathepsin A were significantly higher in canine MGT samples than in nontumour samples. In contrast, immunohistochemical studies have indicated that the expression of cCRT protein found to be detected in most of mammary gland tissues and was not correlated to the types of canine MGTs. Furthermore, cCRT was molecularly cloned, and the amino acid sequence of cCRT was found to be very similar to those of other species. Further studies are required to elucidate additional roles of cCRT in canine MGT. 相似文献
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Hiromichi Mitamura Keiichi Uchida Yoshinori Miyamoto Nobuaki Arai Toshiharu Kakihara Takashi Yokota Junichi Okuyama Yuuki Kawabata Tohya Yasuda 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1133-1140
Several species of fish exhibit strong homing ability and distinct site fidelity to their original habitats and spawning sites.
We have studied the homing ability, site fidelity, and diel movement patterns of three nocturnal black rockfish Sebastes inermis. The patterns were studied by radio-linked acoustic positioning system (VRAP) and fixed monitoring receivers (VR2) in Maizuru
Bay, Japan from June to July 2004. All tagged fish were displaced by 80–120 m, but they returned to their respective captured
sites at dusk, regardless of the time of release. The fish tagged with a depth sensor transmitter displayed active vertical
movement just after the release, and subsequently swam near the bottom depth around the captured site. After homing, they
displayed small home ranges [average 815 ± 265 m2 (SD)] around a single rocky area with one or two core areas (average 64 ± 30 m2). One core area was utilized during the daylight and dark periods, whereas the other was used primarily during the dark period.
The depth-tagged fish primarily used the depth of the rock crevice during the daylight, and it spent its dark period between
the surface and the deeper bottom depth. 相似文献
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Coated paper-to-coated paper friction properties were examined in relation to printing runnability difficulties like erroneous
double feeding of paper sheets. Higher ratios of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) to clay in mixed pigment coatings resulted
in higher static and kinetic coefficients of friction (COFs). Microroughness in the order of pigment particle size is considered
to relate to COF, because cube-shaped particles of PCC resist sliding. Calendering decreased COF at larger amounts of PCC,
but did not change COF of the sole clay formulation at all. Addition of ground calcium carbonate (GCC) decreased COF. The
rate of decrease in kinetic COF with increasing number of sliding for the GCC-rich formulation was higher than that for the
PCC-rich formulation, presumably because protruding parts, characteristic of the GCC-rich formulation, on the surface were
selectively flattened. Addition of styrene-butadiene (SB)-latex up to 14pph decreased COF, but static COF had the highest
value at 18pph. The antislip property (as a rubber) of SB-latex developed only in the static mode. Among lubricants formulated,
the wax type decreased COF the most remarkably with more effect on kinetic COF than on static COF.
Part of this report was presented at the 11th International Printing and Graphic Arts Conference, Bordeaux, France, October
2002 相似文献