种植结构调整后,农民如何选种

种植结构调整后,即提高了农民的种植热情,也增加了农民的经济收入,但在实际生产中,却发现农民在购种中存在一些问题. 一是片面追求新品种:     

干番茄渣在蛋鸡饲料中的应用

本文旨在研究用干番茄渣（DTP）部分或全部替代大豆、玉米、小麦、麦麸饲料时，对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质的影响。将288只试验鸡（27—38周龄）随机分成4组，每组72只．分别为：DTP0（对照组）、DTP50、DTP100、DTP150（每吨饲料中分别含0、50、100、150kg DTP）。与对照组相比．DTP100组使其产蛋量、产蛋总重分别增加2．7％、4．1％．而鸡的体重、蛋重、日消耗饲料量、蛋壳重、蛋壳厚、哈夫单位、蛋黄颜色均与对照组相似。DTP150组使产蛋量、产蛋总重分别降低3．6％、3．0％，但饲料转化率增加2．9％。结果表明．DTP可以作为蛋鸡的饲料原料。     

动物血浆蛋白的应用及选择

喷雾干燥动物血浆蛋白粉(Spray-driedanimalplasma/SDAP)在国内仔猪生产中的应用已近10年。血浆产品如何确保其生物安全性,国产血浆产品从生产工艺和质量控制上是否真正能够替代进口产品,如何去评价一个血浆产品业已成为市场和消费者最关心的问题。     

Can treatment of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brachiaria decumbens</Emphasis> (signal grass) improve its utilisation in the diet in small ruminants?—a review

Brachiaria decumbens is an extremely productive tropical grass due to its aggressive growth habit and its adaptation to a varied range of soil types and environments. As a result of the vast availability, treated B. decumbens demonstrates as a promising local material that could be utilised as an improved diet for sheep and goats. Despite the fact that the grass significantly increases weight gains in grazing farm animals, there were many reports of general ill-thrift and sporadic outbreaks of photosensitivity in livestock due to the toxic compound of steroidal saponin found in B. decumbens. Ensiling and haymaking were found to be effective in removing toxin and undesirable compounds in the grass. Biological treatments using urea, activated charcoal, polyethylene glycol, and effective microorganisms were found to be useful in anti-nutritional factor deactivation and improving the nutritive values of feedstuffs. Besides, oral administration of phenobarbitone showed some degree of protection in sheep that fed on B. decumbens pasture. In this review, we aim to determine the effect of B. decumbens toxicity and possible treatment methods on the grass to be used as an improved diet for small ruminant.     

Genomic characterization of the first oral avian papillomavirus in a colony of breeding canaries (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Serinus canaria</Emphasis>)

Papillomaviruses are non-enveloped, DNA viruses that infect skin and mucosa of a wide variety of vertebrates, causing neoplasias or simply persisting asymptomatically. Avian papillomaviruses, with six fully sequenced genomes, are the second most studied group after mammalian papillomaviruses. In this study, we describe the first oral avian papillomavirus, detected in the tongue of a dead Yorkshire canary (Serinus canaria) and in oral swabs of the same bird and other two live canaries from an aviary in Madrid, Spain. Its genome is 8,071 bp and presents the canonical papillomavirus architecture with six early (E6, E7, E1, E9, E2, E4) and two late open reading frames (L1 and L2) and a long control region between L1 and E6. This new avian papillomavirus L1 gene shares a 64% pairwise identity with FcPV1 L1, so it has been classified as a new species (ScPV1) within the Ethapapillomavirus genus. Although the canary died after showing breathing problems, there is no evidence that the papillomavirus caused those symptoms so it could be part of the oral microbiota of the birds. Hence, future investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical relevance of the virus.     

Knowledge,attitudes and practices towards <Emphasis Type="Italic">cystic echinococcosis</Emphasis> in livestock among selected pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda

A cross-sectional study was done from March 2013 to May 2014 to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis among selected pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda. A structured questionnaire was administered to 381 respondents. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to find the relationship between knowledge about CE and factors such as age, sex, and level of education across all regions. The odds ratio and confidence interval were used to determine the difference in responses across regions. It was shown that age above 36 years was significantly (p < 0.001) associated with awareness about CE in livestock. Likewise, uneducated (p < 0.0001) and agro-pastoralists (p = 0.01) were significantly less knowledgeable than the educated and pastoralists across all regions. The overall knowledge towards CE in livestock was low 17.8% (95% CI = 14.0–21.6). Dog ownership was high and they never dewormed their freely roaming dogs. Dogs shared water with livestock. In conclusion, knowledge about CE in livestock was low across all regions. Therefore, public health education and formulation of policies towards its control by the relevant stakeholders should be done. Also, the true prevalence of CE in livestock needs to be done so that the magnitude and its public health significance are elucidated.     

Physicochemical,Structural and Antioxidant Properties of Collagens from the Swim Bladder of Four Fish Species

This study aimed to isolate and characterize pepsin-solubilized collagen (PSC) from marine and freshwater fish swim bladders. The physicochemical properties, protein pattern, amino acid composition, structure, thermal denaturation temperature, and antioxidant activity of PSC from four different swim bladder sources were investigated and compared. The results demonstrated that the four types of collagen extracted were all type I collagen. The yield of PSC extracted from grass carp (GCSB-PSC), bighead carp (BCSB-PSC), grouper (GSB-PSC), and monkfish swim bladders (MSB-PSC) were 38.98, 27.97, 18.16, and 10.35%, respectively. Compared to the other three PSCs, BCSB-PSC has the highest thermal denaturation temperature (38.60 °C). Based on FTIR spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) analysis, the extracted PSCs retained the triple helix and secondary structure well. Antioxidant studies showed that in the swim bladders of four species the swim bladder PSC could scavenge DPPH and ABTS radicals. Overall, swim bladders from marine and freshwater fish can be utilized as raw materials for collagen extraction, and the extracted collagen has potential commercial applications.     

耐辐射丝状真菌F161的分离鉴定及其对锶的吸附特性

[目的]鉴定分离自新疆某辐射污染区的丝状真菌F161,研究其吸附锶特性.[方法]采用形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定及碳源利用实验鉴定菌种;采用压力试验和吸附试验研究特性,对锶的吸附测定采用ICP-MS,对放射性90锶的吸附的测定采用液闪检测仪.[结果]菌株F161鉴定为青霉属真菌;菌株F161能够耐受10 KGy剂量的钴源...     

高校根本的目标追求:大学生和谐人格培育

当代大学生是构建和谐社会的重要力量,其和谐人格的培育是和谐社会的必然要求,是现代高校思想政治教育的应有之意,也是大学生个体和谐发展的动力之源。高校应把培养大学生和谐人格作为高校根本的目标追求。高校领导、教师要确立和谐人格培育的新理念,加强大学生的人格践行教育,构建健康的校园核心价值观,注重大学生的个性教育,加强大学生个体的自我教育。     

基于推拉理论的高校毕业生就业驱动机制研究

引入推拉理论分析了其在高校毕业生就业驱动机制中的适用性,并在剖析高校毕业生就业过程参与主体的基础上,从政府-高校-毕业生、政府-高校-劳动力市场、政府-毕业生-劳动力市场和高校-毕业生-劳动力市场等四个三维驱动系统分析,得出高校毕业生的就业,除了毕业生自身提高就业能力外,要构建毕业生、高校、政府、劳动力市场四位一体的就业驱动机制。