植物细胞生长周期中内外源细胞激动素的变化

应用细胞同步培养技术、高压液相色谱分析（ＨＰＬＣ）和酶偶联免疫法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）分析了胡萝卜细胞在悬浮培养时生长分裂周期的变化并对内源激动素类物质（玉米素Ｚ－Ｚｅａｔｉｎ、核糖基玉米素ＺＲ－ｚｅａｔｉｎｒｉｂｏｓｉｄｅ、二氢玉米素ＤＨＺ－ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｚｅａｔｉｎ、核糖二氢玉米素ＤＨＺＲ－ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｚｅａｔｉｎｒｉｂｏｓｉｄｅ、异戊烯基核糖基腺嘌呤ＩＰ－ｉｓｏｐｅｎｔｅｎｙｌａｄｅｎｉｎｅ和核糖基异戊烯基腺苷ＩＰＲ－ｉｓｏｐｅｎｔｅｎｙｌａｄｅｎｉｎｅｒｉｂｏｓｉｄｅ）含量进行定量分析．从用荧光显微技术分析ＤＮＡ含量变化结果看出，附加有激动素０．１×１０－６·Ｌ－１的悬浮液中，胡萝卜细胞的分裂周期为８．５ｈ，比不加外源激素的处理短１ｈ．在无外源激素存在的情况下，细胞分裂期中内源细胞分裂素类物质除ＺＲ之外，其余的Ｚ、ＤＨＺ、ＤＨＺＲ、ＩＰ和ＩＰＲ的含量在分裂的第６．５ｈ均有一个峰值出现，ＺＲ在第４．５和８．５ｈ有峰值出现．外加细胞分裂素的处理中．Ｚ、ｉＰ和ｉＰＲ整个周期无明显含量变化，ＤＨＺ和ＤＨＺＲ在第６．５ｈ出现峰值．ＺＲ在第８．５ｈ时也出现峰值．说明附加细胞激动素可协调Ｚ．ｉＰ和ｉＰＲ的积累，加速利用?     

草地反射太阳光偏振特性测量个例分析

本文在中国科学院植的研究所岩石草原定位研究站对羊草和苔草样方进行太阳反射光偏振特性的测量。     

内蒙古草原N2O和CH4排放通量及其季节变化特征研究

１９９８年５－１２月，作者在内蒙古半干旱原用静态箱法进行原位Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４排放通量观测，分析了Ｎ２Ｏ、ＣＨ４排放量及其季节变化和相关过程，定时估计草原Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４收支在人类活动下的变化。重点讨论了内蒙古古草原型群落羊草，大针茅和退化草原Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４的排放通量及其季节变化特征。     

Communicative Action to Level the Playing Field in Forest Plantations in Indonesia

The government of Indonesia allocated state land to private companies to establish forest plantations. However, ownership of this land was contested by some Sumatran communities. The plantation company, endorsed by the government, quickly developed a partnership to resolve the conflict, but this was unclear and inequitable. Action research was carried out to facilitate communication among stakeholders. This communicative action changed some perceptions and shared values began to emerge. A forum was established, which contributed to equitability producing a better partnership. This research is a model for empowering local communities in climate change, bioenergy, and food security negotiations.     

甘蓝型油菜与萝卜杂交产生的杂种BC2代株系抗线虫病分析

以甘蓝型油菜与萝卜杂交,属间杂种经染色体加倍后再与甘蓝型油菜回交,经胚胎挽救技术获得１４５株ＢＣ２代杂种,其染色体数２ｎ＝ ３８～４７．获得的ＢＣ２代杂种株中４个基因型具有高抗线虫的基因,线虫胞囊数为０～３,繁殖系数为０～０．２;９个基因型具有抗线虫的基因,线虫胞囊数为３．１～１０．０,繁殖系数为０．２１～１．７．具有抗线虫基因的植株占２５％ 左右．通过进一步回交,可望获得抗线虫病基因的油菜新品系．     

Understanding Phosphorus Mobility and Bioavailability in the Hyporheic Zone of a Chalk Stream

This paper investigates the changes in bioavailable phosphorus (P) within the hyporheic zone of a groundwater-dominated chalk stream. In this study, tangential flow fractionation is used to investigate P associations with different size fractions in the hyporheic zone, groundwater and surface water. P speciation is similar for the river and the chalk aquifer beneath the hyporheic zone, with ??dissolved?? P (<10 kDa) accounting for ~90% of the P in the river and >90% in the deep groundwaters. Within the hyporheic zone, the proportion of ??colloidal?? (<0.45 ??m and >10 kDa) and ??particulate?? (>0.45 ??m) P is higher than in either the groundwater or the surface water, accounting for ~30% of total P. Our results suggest that zones of interaction within the sand and gravel deposits directly beneath and adjacent to river systems generate colloidal and particulate forms of fulvic-like organic material and regulate bioavailable forms of P, perhaps through co-precipitation with CaCO₃. While chalk aquifers provide some degree of protection to surface water ecosystems through physiochemical processes of P removal, where flow is maintained by groundwater, ecologically significant P concentrations (20?C30 ??g/L) are still present in the groundwater and are an important source of bioavailable P during baseflow conditions. The nutrient storage capacity of the hyporheic zone and the water residence times of this dynamic system are largely unknown and warrant further investigation.     

果蔗不同器官在不同生育期的同工酶聚类相关分析

为了解过氧化物酶(POD)和酯酶(EST)同工酶在果蔗生长中的变化规律,本研究选择不同的取样时期和植株不同器官,对8个果蔗品种利用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺电泳得出的叶片、根组织不同生育时期POD、EST同工酶酶谱进行聚类分析,并检测其相关性。结果表明：（1）不同品种间同工酶谱的遗传相似系数存在差异,特别是外引黑皮果蔗(Badila)与中国地方品种之间存在着一定的遗传差异;（2）不同生育时期叶片或根部的POD同工酶和EST同工酶酶谱的聚类图都存在着差异;（3）叶片中的POD、EST酶谱在各个生育时期均达到极显著相关。说明叶片是这两种酶基因表达的最重要活性部位,因此叶片可以作为同工酶分析较为稳定和适宜的采样部位。     

HACCP在变性淀粉生产中的应用研究

对氧化淀粉生产过程进行危害分析评估、关键控制点控制及相对应的HACCP计划的制定进行探讨,确立了湿法生产氧化淀粉过程中的过滤、水洗脱水、热风干燥和金属探测4个关键控制点,制定了相关的关键限值、监控程序和纠编措施,从而为提高氧化淀粉生产过程中的质量和安全性提供保障。     

1,3,4(2H)-isoquinolinetrione herbicides: Novel redox mediators of photosystem I

A series of 1,3,4(2H)-isoquinolinetriones have been found to be fast-acting post-emergence herbicides, producing symptoms of desiccation. These redox-active compounds are very potent stimulators of the light-dependent consumption of oxygen at photosystem I in isolated chloroplasts. Pulse radiolysis studies on 2-ethyl-1,3,4(2H)-isoquinolinetrione have shown it to have free-radical properties which could enhance the generation of superoxide radicals in plants. Electrochemical studies further support a redox mediator mode of action for the series. The compounds were found to be unstable towards hydrolysis, and this was considered to be a major factor limiting the overall herbicidal effects. Other parameters, related to uptake and/or translocation, which may limit the full expression of the herbicidal activity of certain compounds, are discussed.     

一个大豆孢囊线虫抗性相关基因RGA的克隆

大豆是主要的油料作物,起源于中国,在我国种质资源十分丰富。大豆孢囊线虫(SCN)(HeteroderoglycinesIchinohe)是一种土传的定居性内寄生线虫,不易防治,常引起大豆黄萎病等病害,是大豆生产上危害最大的病害之一。大豆孢囊线虫病生理小种多达十几种,在我国,大豆孢囊线虫病病原主要为3、4号生理小种。大豆抗孢囊线虫的研究一直是世界上大豆抗病育种研究的热点之一。在本课题的前期研究中,根据已克隆的植物抗孢囊线虫病基因的保守序列设计引物,对经常规鉴定为抗(感)孢囊线虫3号生理小种的15个大豆品种基因组DNA进行PCR扩增,在大豆抗病品种中获得一条大豆抗孢囊线虫的特异条带。本研究在此基础上利用该对引物,对高抗孢囊线虫3号小种的北京小黑豆基因组DNA进行扩增,并克隆了特异扩增片段,命名为RSCN3,经测序及BLAST分析,发现其DNA序列与GenBank、EMBL、DDBJ、PDB中的大豆似受体激酶RHG4、水稻TMK(leucinerichprotein,receptor-likekinase)基因等均有80%以上的同源性。根据该DNA序列推测其氨基酸序列,在其序列中共找到21个亮氨酸,将该序列与蛋白质序列同源性进行比较,结果发现与植物中的受体激酶、富含亮氨酸重复的蛋白激酶有较高的同源性。因此推测RSCN3克隆片断为一个与受体激酶有类似作用的抗病相关基因的RGA,并将该序列登录到GenBank中,登录号为:AY580161。