芦丁及芦丁金属配合物对木材霉菌的抑菌性初探

为探究新型木材防霉剂,采用抑菌圈法、载片观察法及木材防霉试验,探究芦丁及芦丁不同金属配合物对黑曲霉的抑菌效果。结果表明,芦丁-锰、芦丁-镁、芦丁-锌可以减少黑曲霉的菌丝数量,影响孢子的产生和成熟,对黑曲霉具有明显的抑制作用;芦丁、芦丁-铜、芦丁-铁可以影响黑曲霉的菌丝生长,但是对孢子的产生和成熟的影响较小,对黑曲霉的抑制作用不明显。浓度为1.6mg·mL-1的芦丁-锰、芦丁-镁、芦丁-锌浸注处理毛白杨的侵染值分别为0.67、1.33和1.50;芦丁、芦丁-铜、芦丁-铁浸注处理毛白杨的侵染值分别为2.33、2.50和3.33。芦丁-锰、芦丁-镁、芦丁-锌对黑曲霉具有较好的抑制效果,可用于制备木材防霉剂。本试验结果为芦丁金属配合物制备环保型木材防霉剂提供一定的理论依据。     

侧柏茎段培养快速繁殖技术研究和黄帝手植柏克隆

以3个不同年龄段的侧柏茎段为外植体,探讨基本培养基、植物生长调节剂、大量元素对侧柏茎段培养快繁的影响,研究侧柏茎段培养快速繁殖技术,并分析年龄对培养各阶段的影响,进而建立了黄帝手植柏克隆繁殖技术体系。结果表明,在试验范围内,各年龄段的侧柏茎段消毒效果均随消毒时间延长而提升,黄帝手植柏最佳升汞消毒时间为8 min;各年龄段的侧柏外植体在不同培养基上启动率均大于90%,选择MS+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA+0.1 mg·L^-1 6-BA作为黄帝手植柏适宜启动培养基,启动率可达100%;50 a侧柏适宜在较高激素浓度的增殖培养基上培养,800、3 000 a侧柏适宜在中等激素水平的培养基上培养,黄帝手植柏适宜增殖培养基为MS+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA+0.2 mg·L^-1 6-BA,30 d增殖系数为2.52;随着侧柏年龄增大,茎段生根更加困难,800、3 000 a侧柏在培养基MS+0.1 mg·L^-1 IBA+0.1 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA上有较好的生根效果,黄帝手植柏适宜生根培养基为MS+0.1 mg·L^-1 IBA+0.1 mg·L^-1 6-BA+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA。本研究初步建立了黄帝手植柏茎段培养技术体系,为黄帝手植柏的克隆和种质资源保存奠定了技术基础。     

Genetic Analysis and Molecular Mapping of a Stripe Rust Resistance Gene YrH9014 in Wheat Line H9014-14-4-6-1

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most widespread and destructive wheat diseases in many wheat-growing regions of the world. The winter wheat translocation line H9014-14-4-6-1 has all stage resistance. To identify stripe rust resistance genes, the segregating populations were developed from the cross between H9014-14-4-6-1 and Mingxian 169 (a wheat cultivar susceptible to all Pst races identified in China). The seedlings of the parents and F 1 plants, F2 , F3 and BC 1 generations were tested with Pst races under controlled greenhouse conditions. Two genes for resistance to stripe rust were identified, one dominant gene conferred resistance to SUN11-4, temporarily designated YrH9014 and the other recessive gene conferred resistance to CYR33. The bulked segregant analysis and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify polymorphic markers associated with YrH9014. Seven polymorphic SSR markers were used to genotype the F2 population inoculated with SUN11-4. A linkage map was constructed according to the genotypes of seven SSR markers and resistance gene. The molecular map spanned 24.3 cM, and the genetic distance of the two closest markers Xbarc13 and Xbarc55 to gene locus was 1.4 and 3.6 cM, respectively. Based on the position of SSR marker, the resistance gene YrH9014 was located on chromosome arm 2BS. Amplification of a set of nulli-tetrasomic Chinese Spring lines with SSR marker Xbarc13 indicated that YrH9014 was located on chromosome 2B. Based on chromosomal location, the reaction patterns and pedigree analysis, YrH9014 should be a novel resistance gene to stripe rust. This new gene and flanking markers got from this study should be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs for stripe rust.     

住区儿童户外活动空间设计研究

针对当前居住区儿童户外活动空间设计的现状及存在的问题,对儿童行为特点进行观察和研究,提出了适宜儿童户外活动空间的要求,并从规划设计的角度阐明了创造住区儿童户外空间的具体方法。     

牛卵母细胞的去核与激活

比较了Ionomycin(离子霉素)和乙醇及其与其他物质的组合激活牛卵母细胞的效果,并研究了去核时间、细胞松弛素B、末期去核等对去核效率的影响。结果表明,配合使用6-二甲氨基嘌呤(6-DMAP)或放线菌酮(CHX)可显著提高Ionomycin或乙醇激活牛卵母细胞的效率,Ionomycin+6-DMAP激活的牛孤雌胚在8/16细胞之后的发育率明显高于乙醇+6-DMAP(或CHX)。牛卵母细胞的去核在成熟培养20h或之前进行效果较好,此时有较高比率的卵母细胞中第一极体与染色体位置靠近。牛卵母细胞在不含细胞松弛素B的操作液中可进行去核,但所得核移植胚胎的卵裂率明显下降,而对8/16细胞胚之后的发育没有明显影响。牛卵母细胞的末期去核率显著高于中期,二者核移植胚胎的早期发育率基本相同。     

Characterizing a novel predator–prey relationship between native Diplonychus esakii (Heteroptera: Belostomatidae) and invasive Gambusia affinis (Teleostei: Poeciliidae) in central China

International Aquatic Research - A considerable body of the literature considers the potential impact of exotic predators on native prey organisms, while comparatively, few studies have asked...     

土壤水分能量与土壤生化活性

用人工模拟土柱研究了(土娄)土与河淤土的水势对土壤生化强度的影响。结果表明,在相同含水量下,由于两土壤的水分实际有效性不同,显示出两土壤生化强度的差异。从而认为在相同水势下比较土壤间的生化活性,才能真实地反映土壤水分对土壤生化活性的影响。温度引起的土壤生化强度的变化,在采用水势概念时,还包含着温度对土壤水分有效性的影响。     

二维网格结构的拟膜分析法

分析了具有正交对角型单胞的平面网格结构。将其比拟为平面膜结构,并求出膜的面内刚度参数。给出平面网格结构嵌入各向同性基体材料而成的复合材料板的弹性本构参数表达式,并用数值方法简单验证了复合材料弹性本构参数表达式的正确性。     

杜仲遗传作图群体的建立

通过对7个杜仲F1家系生长和叶片性状及总黄酮含量变异分析,结合亲本AFLP多态性检测,选出综合变异程度较高的杂交组合小叶×秦仲1号作为构建杜仲遗传连锁图谱的作图群体,为杜仲遗传连锁图谱构建和重要性状的分子标记研究奠定基础。