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1.
林木病虫害防治过程中,常采用皮卡搭载喷雾系统进行移动喷雾,以达到快速高效的目的。为了研究移动喷施农药过程中喷雾技术参数对雾滴穿透性的影响,本研究构建了由供液模块、喷雾压力调控和速度实时显示模块、喷头高度和角度调节模块、速度控制调节模块和防冲撞限位模块5大部分组成的移动喷雾测试系统。通过研制的移动喷雾测试开展试验分析,分别设置了3种喷施压力、4种搭载平台行驶速度、国产和进口不同的多个喷头,对仿真树靶标进行了喷雾试验,在仿真树冠层内设置8个采样点铺放卡纸来测定雾滴沉积覆盖率,采用iDASPRO雾滴沉积分析数据,以此来测试喷雾技术参数对雾滴穿透规律的影响。经过统计分析,得到影响喷头穿透效果大小的因素次序:喷雾压力>搭载平台移动速度>喷头孔径,采用Design Expert试验分析软件,建立以喷头孔径、搭载平台移动速度和喷雾压力为自变量、以雾滴覆盖率为应变量的多元非线性回归模型。结果表明:雾滴沉积量随着喷雾压力的增加呈现增加的趋势,当移动速度为最小的0.25m/s时,雾滴沉积量明显高于移动速度为0.50m/s和0.75m/s时的值,研究结果对于植保作业中移动喷雾参数确定和器械选择提供了理论依据与应用参考。 相似文献
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Xiang ZHANG Qiu-zhi RUI Pan-pan LIANG Chen-hua WEI Guo-qiang DENG Yuan CHEN Yuan CHEN Zhao-di DONG De-hua CHEN 《农业科学学报》2018,17(9):1991-1998
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of alternating high temperature on Cry1Ac protein content on Bt cotton cultivars Sikang 1(SK-1,a conventional cultivar)and Sikang 3(SK-3,a hybrid cultivar).In 2011 and 2012,cotton plants were subjected to high temperature treatments ranging from 32 to 40℃ in climate chambers to investigate the effects of high temperature on boll shell insecticidal protein expression.The experiments showed that significant decline of the boll shell insecticidal protein was detected at temperatures higher than 38℃ after 24 h.Based on the results,the cotton plants were treated with the threshold temperature of 38℃ from 6:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.followed by a normal temperature of 27℃ during the remaining night hours(DH/NN)in 2012 and 2013.These treatments were conducted at peak boll growth stage for both cultivars in study periods of 0,4,7,and 10 d.Temperature treatment of 32℃ from 6:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.and 27℃ in the remaining hours was set as control.The results showed that,compared with the control,after the DH/NN stress treatment applied for 7 d,the boll shell Cry1Ac protein content level was significantly decreased by 19.1 and 17.5% for SK-1 and by 15.3 and 13.7% for SK-3 in 2012 and 2013,respectively.Further analysis of nitrogen metabolic physiology under DH/NN showed that the soluble protein content and the glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT)activities decreased slightly after 4 d,and then decreased sharply after 7 d.The free amino acid content and the protease content increased sharply after 7 d.The changes in SK-1 were greater than those in SK-3.These results suggest that under DH/NN stress,boll shell Cry1Ac protein content decline was delayed.Reduced protein synthesis and increased protein degradation in the boll shell decreased protein content,including Bt protein,which may reduce resistance to the cotton bollworm. 相似文献
3.
木屑高温水蒸气气化制备富氢燃气的特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在高温固定床反应器内,无催化剂作用下,进行了木屑高温水蒸气气化制取富氢燃气的特性研究。实验主要研究3 g原料,反应温度(750~1 050℃)及水蒸气流量(0~1.5 g/min)对燃气组分、产氢率、燃气热值(QLHV)等气化过程评价指标的影响。实验结果表明:反应温度和水蒸气流量对燃气组分影响很大,较高的反应温度和加入适量的水蒸气有利于氢气的产生,但随着反应温度的升高和水蒸气流量的增加会使燃气热值降低。在1 000℃时,水蒸气流量为1.02 g/min时,燃气中氢气体积分数可达51.03%,产氢率为71.08 g/kg(以干燥基计,下同),为理论最大产氢率(172.02 g/kg)的41.32%。考虑到实际操作过程,在反应温度为850℃时,水蒸气流量的最佳值为1.02 g/min。木屑高温水蒸气气化所得燃气热值在11~13 MJ/m3范围内变化。研究结果证明,高温水蒸气气化是生物质制取富氢燃气的一种有效方法。 相似文献
4.
Dvl1及其结构缺失突变体ΔDIX(dsh and axin)和ΔDEP(dsh,Egl-10 and pleckstrin)腺病毒载体的构建并验证其在MSCs(mesenchymal stem cells)中的表达情况。将目的基因定向克隆至pAdTrack-CMV穿梭载体上,并经PmeⅠ线性化后在BJ5183细菌中与pAdEasy-1骨架质粒同源重组,获得重组腺病毒载体,在QBI-293A细胞中包装及扩增,实时荧光定量PCR和Western bolt验证Dvl1在MSCs中的表达情况。经PCR、PacⅠ单酶切鉴定及测序分析,成功构建Ad-Dvl1、Ad-ΔDIX和Ad-ΔDEP腺病毒载体,目的基因序列与GenBank报道一致,并选出150 MOI为最适感染MSCs的感染复数,成功构建了Ad-Dvl1、Ad-ΔDIX和Ad-ΔDEP腺病毒载体,并获得高滴度的病毒子,qPCR和Western blot证实Dvl1在MSCs中高表达并增加了β-catenin在细胞中的累积,为进一步研究Dvl1在MSCs迁移过程的作用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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目的 探讨生肌玉红膏联合封闭负压引流术(racuum sealing drainage,VSD)对糖尿病足溃疡创面血管新生及氧化应激指标的影响。方法 选取70例糖尿病足溃疡患者随机分为两组,每组35例。所有患者均给予常规清创处理及VSD,观察组加用生肌玉红膏联合负压引流术治疗。观察比较两组患者治疗后创面愈合时间、创面愈合率、踝肱指数变化情况;评价创面血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、碱性成纤维生长因子(basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF)、内皮抑素(endostatin,ES)表达情况及超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、晚期蛋白氧化产物(advanced oxidation protein products,AOPP)等氧化应激指标。结果 与对照组相比,治疗后观察组患者创面愈合时间缩短,创面愈合率及踝肱指数升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组创面VEGF、bFGF表达的平均吸光度值高于对照组(P<0.05),创面ES的水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组SOD水平高于对照组,MDA、AOPP水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。1年随访发现对照组患者溃疡复发率高于观察组(P<0.05),但两组患者的截肢率及病死率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 生肌玉红膏联合VSD可以缩短糖尿病足溃疡创面愈合时间,促进创面的修复,其作用机制可能与调节VEGF、bFGF、ES、SOD、MDA、AOPP等因子表达,促进溃疡创面血管新生,改善机体氧化应激有关。 相似文献
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Newborn gnotobiotic piglets were infected orally with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli producing K88, K99, 987P or F41 fimbrial adhesins, and colonization of the small intestine was visualized: a) by scanning electron microscopy, b) by bright field microscopy of paraffin sections stained by conventional Gram stain and indirect immunoperoxidase techniques, and c) by immunofluorescent microscopy. All methods demonstrated colonization but the indirect immunoperoxidase technique gave the most information and was simple to perform. 相似文献
9.
The vapours of allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC) were evaluated in in vitro and in vivo trials against Botrytis cinerea, a severe pathogen of strawberries. In in vitro trials AITC activity was assayed on conidial germination and mycelial growth of the fungus. The mycelium appeared less sensitive to AITC than conidia (EC50 values of 1.35 mg L−1 and 0.62 mg L−1, respectively). In addition, AITC had a fungistatic effect against the pathogen, since the values of EC50, for both parameters, increased by around 30% after AITC removal. In in vivo trials, ‘Tecla’ and ‘Monterey’ strawberries (spring-bearing and day-neutral cultivars, respectively) obtained from organic production and naturally infected by B. Cinerea, were exposed for 4 h in an atmosphere enriched by pure AITC or derived from defatted seed meals of Brassica carinata (0.1 mg L−1, in a 0.1 m3 treatment cabinet). After 2 days at 0 °C and another 3–4 days at 20 °C, the fruit were evaluated for grey mould infections. The AITC treatment reduced the decay caused by the pathogen by over 47.4% up to 91.5%, significantly different from the untreated fruit. No significant differences were found between synthetic and glucosinolate-derived AITC. Residue analysis performed on fruit at the end of storage (7 d after treatment) showed values lower than 1 mg kg−1. Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity estimated in treated and untreated strawberries showed no significant difference between control and AITC treated fruit. Our results show it is possible to reduce the incidence of postharvest grey mould on strawberries with a treatment of AITC (0.1 mg L−1) for 4 h, opening a potential application of biofumigation in the postharvest control of B. cinerea in strawberry. 相似文献
10.
The yeast Pichia membranaefaciens has antagonistic effects against a wide range of phytopathogenic fungi that cause postharvest fruit decay. This work evaluated the effects of P. membranaefaciens on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and disease control in harvested citrus fruit (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck). The lesion diameter caused by Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum on citrus fruit was remarkably reduced when the fruit was point-inoculated or dipped in a suspension of P. membranaefaciens at 1 × 108 CFU mL−1. The application of P. membranaefaciens on citrus fruit enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, as well as the levels of hydrogen peroxide, the superoxide anion and glutathione, but inhibited the decreasing ascorbic acid content. Furthermore, catalase activity was decreased by the same treatment. These results indicated that yeast treatment induced the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes which might have antagonistic effects against postharvest green and blue mold infection in citrus fruit. 相似文献