The Effect of Detopping the Field Bean Plants (Vicia faba L. minor) and Lack of the Pod Setting on the Symbiosis with Root Nodule Bacteria

The plants of field bean var. Nadwiślaνski were detopped after about 1 month since the beginning of flowering and after that all flower buds were removed from some plants. The effect of a change in the trophic balance on the setting and subsequent growth of root nodules was studied.
The removal of pods had the greater effect on the increase in the weight of the remaining organs than the detopping of plants. Detopping retarded the ageing of the plants and delayed the phase of the greatest reduction of the number of pods. The detopping of plants revealed their considerable compensative possibilities in terms of production of the pod weight and the potential of leaves for biomass production. The data obtained indicate that plant detopping may disturb the root–bacteria exchange of signals, necessary to initiate the nodule development, while the further growth of nodules depends, above all, on the amount of available photosynthates.
A very high correlation between the dry weight of the whole plant to the dry weight of leaves ratio and the weight of nodules was observed. It proves the importance of the trophic balance of the plant for the root nodule weight production.     

早熟优质长豇豆新品种‘鄂豇豆2 号’

 ‘鄂豇豆2号’是经有性杂交选育而成的早熟蔓生豇豆新品种。该品种荚浅绿色, 长60 cm,单荚质量18~ 24 g。早熟, 荚商品性状优良, 产量高, 对光周期反应不敏感, 田间疫病、煤霉病、病毒病发病率低, 适宜于春、夏、秋各季栽培, 已在全国大部分省份推广种植成功。     

棉籽和蓖麻籽的冷榨试验与数值模拟

探讨棉籽和蓖麻籽植物油料的冷榨应力-应变关系、应力-压缩比关系以及加载速率对应力-应变关系和应力-压缩比关系的影响,探讨临界压榨压力选取问题。进行了棉籽和蓖麻籽冷榨试验,采用川北方程建立双曲线型应力-应变模型和压缩比的理论计算模型。研究表明,加载速率对油料破碎应力、应变以及应力-应变关系有影响,速率越大,破碎应力和应变越大;棉籽和蓖麻籽的模拟结果与实测值比较吻合。根据压缩比变化率及其斜率曲线近似确定出棉籽和蓖麻籽工程临界压榨压力分别为70 MPa和100 MPa。     

蚯蚓粪与化肥配施对红小豆生长与品质的影响

为探究蚯蚓粪与化肥配施对陕西关中地区红小豆产量及品质的影响,以红小豆新品种保红947为研究对象,设置T1(纯化肥)、T2(20％蚯蚓粪+80％化肥)、T3(50％蚯蚓粪+50％化肥)、T4(80％蚯蚓粪+20％化肥)和CK(不施肥)5个处理,研究了不同处理下红小豆成熟期农艺性状、产量性状及品质性状的差异.结果表明:蚯蚓...     

Response of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean to linuron

Dry bean producers in Ontario, Canada, have few herbicide options available for annual broad-leaved weed management and there is little information on the tolerance of dry bean to linuron. The tolerance of black, cranberry, kidney, and white bean to the pre-emergence (PRE) application of linuron at the rates of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 g ai ha⁻¹ was evaluated in field studies conducted in 2005 and 2006 at Exeter and in 2006 at Ridgetown, Ontario. The four market classes differed in their response to linuron. Cranberry and kidney bean were more tolerant to the PRE application of linuron than black and white bean. Linuron applied PRE caused as much as 12% injury in cranberry and kidney bean, 47% injury in black bean, and 56% injury in white bean. Linuron applied PRE at 500–2500 g ai ha⁻¹ had no effect on the height of cranberry and kidney bean but decreased the height by 7, 8, and 15% in black bean and by 10, 13, and 23% in white bean at 1500, 2000, and 2500 g ai ha⁻¹, respectively. Linuron applied PRE at the rates evaluated did not cause any adverse affect on the yield of cranberry, kidney, and white bean but black bean yield was reduced by 16% at 2500 g ai ha⁻¹. Based on these results, there is not an adequate margin of crop safety for the PRE application of linuron in black and white bean at rates >1000 g ai ha⁻¹. However, there is a potential for the use of linuron PRE for weed management in cranberry and kidney bean at the rates evaluated.     

菜豆锈菌侵染过程的显微和超微观察

 本文报道了通过微分干涉衬显微镜、荧光显微镜及扫描电镜和透射电镜所观察到的菜豆锈菌的侵入和扩展过程。菜豆锈菌夏孢子萌发多产生1个芽管,偶尔也产生双芽管。芽管以气孔侵入为主,也可从表皮直接侵入。侵入前形成或不形成明显的附着胞。气孔侵入的芽管首先在气孔腔内形成气孔下囊,再进一步分化出圆形的膨大体,由膨大体产生1~2支初生菌丝。初生菌丝与叶肉细胞壁接触后分化出吸器母细胞,吸器母细胞进入叶肉细胞内部形成吸器。初生侵染菌丝在产生吸器母细胞的部位的后部产生分枝,形成次生侵染菌丝在叶肉细胞间蔓延。     

湿度、NaCl浓度对铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子活力及发芽的影响

研究发芽床不同含水量及NaCl浓度对铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子活力及发芽的影响,试验表明,发芽床含水量从20%升高至40%,铜仁珍珠豆型花生种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数呈上升趋势,含水量继续升高至60%,三项指标呈下降趋势,40%是铜仁珍珠豆型花生最适发芽床含水量,花生发芽各项指标达到最高。用NaCl溶液处理种子,浓度从0mol/L升高至0.5mol/L,花生种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数三项指标表现出先急剧后缓慢又急剧下降的趋势。     

不同种植密度对3个小豆品种植株形态及产量的影响

采用两因素随机区组设计,以直立型小豆品种冀红20、冀红21和唐红201602为材料,分析6个种植密度对不同小豆品种植株形态特征及产量性状的影响。结果表明,品种和种植密度对小豆形态特征和产量性状的影响较大;底荚高度和第一节间长随着密度的增加而增加,主茎节数、主茎分枝数、单株结荚数、单荚粒数和百粒重随着种植密度的增加而减小,产量随种植密度的增加呈先增加后减少趋势;相同品种不同种植密度间和相同种植密度不同品种间的产量差异极显著（F值分别为49.36、99.35）,品种与种植密度互作对产量的影响差异显著（F=3.91）。种植密度与株高、底荚高度呈极显著正相关,与第一节间长呈正相关,与茎粗、主茎分枝数和主茎节数呈极显著负相关。增加种植密度可增加小豆株高、底荚高度和第一节间长,有效减少主茎分枝数,有利于机械化收获。     

盐碱胁迫下产ACC脱氨酶促生菌对绿豆叶片脂质代谢的影响

为探讨盐碱胁迫下产ACC脱氨酶促生菌对绿豆叶片脂质代谢的影响,采用液相色谱质谱联用技术分析盐碱胁迫下接种产ACC脱氨酶促生菌（DQJC1）后绿豆叶片内脂类代谢产物的变化。结果表明：盐碱胁迫下接种DQJC1可以促进绿豆生长,显著提高了绿豆植株的株高（34.87%）、地上部鲜质量和干质量（44.07%和46.43%）、地下部鲜质量和干质量（30.56%和23.68%）及叶绿素含量（41.61%）。同时在绿豆叶片中共筛选到61个具有显著性差异的代谢产物,其中包括32种甘油磷脂类、14种固醇类、4种甘油糖脂类、3种鞘脂类和8种其他脂类;其中上调的代谢物主要为甘油磷脂（PC、PG、LPC、PI、PE、LPG）、甘油糖脂（SQDG47∶11）及鞘脂（CerG1d18∶2/16∶0+O）,下调的代谢物主要为固醇（TG）,甘油糖脂（SQDG：16∶0/16∶0）及鞘脂（CerG1d34∶2+O）。KEGG通路富集分析发现筛选出的差异代谢物中有6种代谢物被富集到9条代谢通路中,包括甘油磷脂代谢通路、甘油脂代谢通路、自噬性溶酶体代谢通路、糖基磷脂酰肌醇代谢通路、醚脂质代谢通路、亚油酸代谢通路、磷脂酰肌醇代谢通路、α-亚油酸代谢通路和花生四烯酸代谢通路。     

不同饲料原料对草鱼生长和肌肉品质的影响

分别以专用配合饲料、浸泡蚕豆、浸泡豌豆喂养体质量为(1540.9±57.5)g的草鱼(Cteno-pharyngodon idellus)90d,以考察不同原料对草鱼生长和肌肉品质的影响。结果表明,配合饲料组、浸泡蚕豆组和浸泡豌豆组草鱼的增重率分别为17.3%、13.7%和12.2%,饵料系数分别为5.00、4.09和5.08,三种原料对草鱼的脏体比、肝体比没有显著影响;与普通草鱼相比,三种原料组草鱼肌肉粗脂肪含量和肌肉失水率显著降低(P0.05),胶原蛋白含量和肌原纤维长度显著增加(P0.05)。上述结果表明,三种原料均可显著改善草鱼肌肉品质;与浸泡蚕豆组相比,专用配合饲料组显著提高了草鱼的生长性能。