不同枣粉水平对陕北白绒山羊肉呈味物质的影响

本试验旨在研究不同枣粉水平对陕北白绒山羊肉呈味物质的影响.选取40只6月龄、初始体重为(20.15±1.63)kg的健康陕北白绒山羊,随机分为5组(每组8个重复,每个重复1只羊),分别饲喂含0(对照组)、10％(试验Ⅰ组)、15％(试验Ⅱ组)、20％(试验Ⅲ组)、25％(试验Ⅳ组)枣粉的试验饲粮.预试期10 d,正试期...     

Histopathology of Hematopoietic Tissue in Channel Catfish,Ictalurus punctatus,with Anemia

Outbreaks of anemia (CCA) in channel catfish, Ictalurirs punctatus, in Mississippi occur predominantly during spring and fall. Between October, 1990 and May, 1991, twenty-seven cases of CCA were submitted to the Mississippi Cooperative Extension Service-College of Veterinary Medicine Fish Diagnostic Laboratories. Histologic lesions were identified in the head and trunk kidneys of all affected fish. The head kidney contained less than 25% immature hematopoietic tissue in 3 of 22 cases (14%). 25-50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 7 of 22 cases (32%), and greater than 50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 12 of 22 cases (54%). The trunk kidney contained less than 25% immature hematopoietic tissue in 5 of 27 cases (18%), 25-50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 15 of 27 cases (56%), and greater than 50% immature hematopoietic tissue in 7 of 27 cases (26%). The histopathologic findings noted in cases of CCA from Mississippi affect primarily the hematopietic tissues of the head and trunk kidneys.     

女贞枸杞散预防断奶仔猪腹泻效果和对血液白细胞数的影响

为探讨以女贞子、枸杞子、穿心莲、大青叶等多味中药组成的"女贞枸杞散"对断奶仔猪腹泻的预防效果和对外周血各类白细胞数量的影响。根据体重相近、公母各半的原则选用80头体重为10kg左右的"杜长大"三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分4组,分别为试验Ⅰ组(日粮中加0.4%"女贞枸杞散"),Ⅱ组(添加0.6%),Ⅲ组(添加0.8%)和对照组(普通日粮)。详细记录仔猪腹泻情况,计算腹泻率、腹泻频率、腹泻指数等。试验结束后采血,测定各类白细胞数量,结果表明,"女贞枸杞散"能有效地降低断奶仔猪的腹泻率,改善仔猪的生长性能,促进血液中的白细胞尤其是淋巴细胞的的生成,提高机体免疫力。     

An inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis — Difluoromethylornithine — and the polyamine spermidine for the control of gray mold(Botrytis Cinerea)

Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) — an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, and the polyamine spermidine (Spd) reduced gray mold of tomato, pepper, eggplant, bean andSenecio sp. leaves, and of rose petals by 37–88% when applied at 0.1–1.0 mM each. Higher doses did not result in better control. The disease was also reduced significantly on tomato fruits by 1.0 inM DFMO and by 0.1–1.0 mM Spd, and on cucumber fruits by 0.1–1.0 mM of both compounds, but not on grape berries. The combination of 0.2 mM DFMO with 1.0 mM Spd controlled gray mold ofSenecio sp. and tomato leaves additively better than either treatment alone, whereas this effect was not observed in leaves of lettuce and pepper. Ethylene production was reduced significantly by Spd applied to leaves of tomato and pepper, but not by DFMO. Linear growth and germination of the fungus were affected by lower concentrations of DFMO (ED50 0.12–0.97 and 1.4, respectively) as compared with Spd. Spermidine and DFMO controlled white mold(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) as effectively as did the fungicide benomyl. Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization. No. 3195-E, 1991 series.     

“黄白散”对兔接种RHD疫苗后免疫功能的影响

在注射兔病毒性出血症 (RHD)疫苗后 ,30只兔随机分为 2组 ,试验组兔饲喂含 1 5 %黄白散的饲料。从接种到第 1 80天 ,每组取兔 8只 ,每隔 1 5d采血 1次 ,检测血凝抑制 (HI)抗体 ;在接种前 1天及接种后 5、 1 0、 1 7、 2 4、 31、 41、 5 1d ,每组取兔 1 0只 ,采血检测ANAE+淋巴细胞百分率 ;在 1 80、 2 4 0、 30 0d时 ,每组分别取兔 5只做攻毒保护试验。结果表明 :2组兔HI抗体峰值分别为 7 3log2和 9 8log2 ,差异极显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ;试验组疫苗保护期可延长 60d ;试验组ANAE+率从第 1 0天至 5 1天与对照组比较 ,差异极显著(P<0 0 1 )。所以黄白散可增强兔接种RHD疫苗后的特异性免疫功能 ,增强RHD疫苗的免疫效果。     

The process of antagonism of Sclerotium cepivorum in white rot affected onion roots by Trichoderma koningii

Trichoderma koningii (strain Tr5) grew in the epidermal mucilage of onion roots without entering healthy epidermal tissue. When placed on the epidermis of Sclerotium cepivorum -infected roots, T. koningii colonized epidermal passage cells, with little colonization of other epidermal tissues, then branched and spread throughout the root cortical tissues damaged by enzymes and toxins which diffused ahead of S. cepivorum hyphae, and impeded the path of the infection. When T. koningii colonized infected tissue, many S. cepivorum hyphae became detached at septa, cell walls dissolved and many hyphal apices burst. Contact between hyphae was not necessary for lysis to occur. T. koningii produced two endochitinases ( R _f 0·15 and 0·24) and two exo-acting chitinolytic enzymes ( R _f 0·46 and 0·62) during degradation of crabshell chitin and S. cepivorum cell walls. The R f 0·24 and 0·46 proteins were detected when T. koningii colonized S. cepivorum -infected roots and are likely to be a component of the antagonism process.     

天水毛白杨种源试验的研究

本文介绍了毛白杨８个种源、２２０个无性系，在甘肃天水地区开展的种源选择试验及优良无性系筛选结果。经过７年的研究，摸清了毛白杨的变异规律及模式，筛选出３个种源，３０个优良无性系，遗传增益达２２％～２８％，为造林区别提供了科学依据。试验证明无性系有种是一种投资少，见效快，经济效益高的良种选有方法，可降低成本５～６倍。     

不同生育时期白三叶与黑麦草的化感作用研究

试验用分枝期,开花期和成熟期的白三叶品种海法以及分蘖期,孕穗期和成熟期的2个黑麦草品种顶峰、英斯派的根水浸提液处理,按照培养皿砂培的生物检测方法对白三叶和黑麦草的化感作用进行研究。结果表明:分枝期白三叶根浸体液对顶峰的发芽率具有显著的抑制作用,对顶峰苗长具有极显著抑制作用,抑制率分别为90.72%、48.61%;开花期白三叶根浸提液对顶峰及英斯派的发芽率、英斯派根长及顶峰根干重均具有极显著的抑制作用,抑制率分别为35.14%、36.17%、69.18%、68.34%,对英斯派的根干重具有显著的抑制作用,抑制率为49.52%;成熟期白三叶的根浸提液对3个受体的发芽率及根长均具有极显著的促进作用,分别比对照提高67.09%、54.21%、69.21%及93.08%、93.14%、93.04%,对顶峰的根干重具有极显著的促进作用,与对照相比提高了85.42%;顶峰及英斯派是他感作用大于自毒作用的黑麦草品种,且在分蘖期及孕穗期,黑麦草不同品种的根浸提液都显著的抑制了白三叶的干物重。     

微量元素硒对成年皖西白鹅输卵管膨大部粘蛋白的影响

应用组织化学PA S-AB染色和定量图像分析法,研究了不同水平微量元素硒对成年皖西白鹅输卵管膨大部粘蛋白的影响,结果表明:日粮中添加0.2 m g/kg微量元素硒鹅输卵管膨大部粘蛋白与对照组(不加硒)差异显著(P<0.05);日粮中添加0.60 m g/kg与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01);当日粮中添加硒到1.1 m g/kg时,与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);说明随着硒添加量的加大,皖西白鹅会发生慢性中毒。因此,微量元素硒对成年皖西白鹅输卵管膨大部粘蛋白的影响有显著差异。     

隐性白羽鸡体重生长规律的研究

以两种代谢能、三种粗蛋白水平组成的6种日粮饲喂7～12周龄隐性白羽鸡,个体测定各周龄体重,进行生长分析,旨在研究有关因素对体重的影响。研究结果表明:①性别对2～12周龄体重、成熟体重估计值、初生重估计值、生长高峰周龄、高峰体重有极显著影响(P<0.01),均表现为公鸡大于母鸡,对生长速率参数的影响显著(P<0.05),表现为母鸡大于公鸡;②日粮能量对12周龄体重和生长速度参数有显著影响(P<0.05);③日粮蛋白对8～12各周龄体重、成熟体重估计值、高峰体重有显著影响(P<0.05);④1～6周龄体重遗传力为0.43～0.57,7～12周龄遗传模型1(0.37～0.67)比遗传模型2(0.33～0.58)估计的体重遗传力要高,成熟体重估计值、初生重估计值、生长速率参数、生长高峰周龄、高峰体重的遗传力分别为0.1、0.39、0.15、0.33、0.04。