三种外检植物病毒的灭活处理

番茄环斑病毒（ＴｍＲＳＶ），烟草环斑病毒（ＴＲＳＶ），南芥菜花叶病毒（ＡｒＭＶ）的病汁液和ＰＥＧ粗提纯液，经适宜温度或甲醛处理，均丧失侵染性而有抗原性。ＴｍＲＳＶＰＥＧ粗提纯液经６０℃（水浴）处理１０分钟或２８℃７天，ＴＲＳＶ粗提纯液置２５℃一个月，Ａｒ－ＭＶ在４０℃７天条件下均可做为阳性对照的灭活处理的最佳方案。可保存抗原性在７～１２月以上。为了防止危险性检疫病毒的侵入，对入境种苗进行检疫，需建立快速、准确、标准化检疫程序，而在血清学快速诊断试验中，提供阳性对照，对提高判断准确率是必要的。因此，为了解决在诊断试剂中提供阳性对照但又不能使其检疫性病毒人为扩散这一重要问题，我们在研究三种外检病毒（ＴｍＲＳＶ，ＴＲＳＶ，ＡｒＭＶ）的检验技术的同时，又进行了一些灭活试验，用化学和物理方法钝化病毒，使其失去侵染性而保持抗原性，并应用于酶联诊断试剂盒中，本文报道了初步试验结果     

Viral diseases of the Ostrich (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

The ostrich is an important animal in many livestock industries. A significant threat to this industry is losses from diseases. Newcastle disease is a notifiable, highly contagious viral infection of ostriches. Avian influenza may be transmitted from waterfowl, shorebirds and gulls to ostriches. Borna disease virus is a viral neurotropic infection spread mainly by rodents and felines. Crimean‐Congo hemorrhagic fever is a viral disease transmitted by Hyalomma ticks to humans. Avipoxvirus afflicts ostrich chicks and is transmitted by mosquitoes or by direct contact with a pox lesion. Maintenance of a healthy and profitable enterprise requires the implementation, with assistance from the local veterinary authority, of comprehensive, practical and effective methods of health management and preventative medicine.     

重庆市近郊区县鸭传染性浆膜炎病病原分离鉴定及防治

通过对重庆近郊的沙坪坝区、北碚区、九龙坡区、永川市、璧山县、铜梁县的7个养鸭场病死鸭的病原分离,分离到三株细菌,经染色镜检、生化鉴定、动物回归实验,确诊为鸭里氏杆菌。药敏试验结果显示对庆大霉素、青霉素、链霉素、土霉素等高度敏感。在临床上交替使用这些药物,收到较好治疗效果。将分离菌制成灭活苗免疫1周龄的健康鸭,20日龄时用分离菌进行攻毒,平均保护率达83.3%。     

土壤水分对烤烟生长的影响研究

针对江西的气候特点、烤烟的生产现状,进行了大田烤烟各生育期的灌水和对照（不灌水）对比试验。结果表明：适当地增加土壤水分,有利于叶面积的扩展、根系的伸展和养分的吸收,烤烟的生长速度加快;灌水后的叶温与气温差小;灌水可以改善光合特性,促进光合产物的积累和分配,从而提高烟叶的产量和品质。     

臭氧在大菱鲆亲鱼养殖回用水系统中的应用

以臭氧在大菱鲆亲鱼养殖回用水系统中的工程实例数据,分析臭氧在养殖水处理系统中的杀菌效果、脱除转化氨氮的效能。结果表明,臭氧在该工艺流程中杀菌率可达51．82％,对氨氮 亚硝酸氮的平均去除率达56．30％,这表明臭氧应用于工厂化养殖水处理中具有较好效果。     

煤矿塌陷地网箱生态养鳙试验报告

在未治理塌陷地水域,设置生态养鳙网箱52箱。使用生态养殖技术(不投饵),利用微生物制剂及人工诱导饵料生物技术,在25m~2网箱内放养鱼种300尾,其中鳙规格为165g／尾。经过137天的养殖,网箱平均单产19．72kg／m~2,其中鳙单产14．97kg／m~2,折合每667m~2产鳙9985kg。网箱平均产值达138．06元／m~2,净收入为99．66元／m~2,投入产出比为 1∶3．59。     

Screening for New Cosmeceuticals from Brown Algae Fucus vesiculosus with Antioxidant and Photo-Protecting Properties

Phlorotannins play a role in biological functions to protect the cells against UV and oxidative damage in brown algae. We hypothesized that these compounds can function as photo-protectors and antioxidants in skin care formulations. Two types of extracts (water (FV-WE) and 67% v/v ethanol (FV-EE)) from Fucus vesiculosus were obtained with a phlorotannin content between 7−14% in dry extract. Exposure to sun light during growth was included as a factor on the phlorotannin content but did not influence the phlorotannin content. However, green colored F. vesiculosus had lower total phenolic content (TPC) (FV-WE = 6.9 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw, FV-EE = 7.8 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw) compared to those with a yellow/brownish color (FV-WE = 10.4–13.7 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw, FV-EE = 11.2–14.0 g GAE 100 g⁻¹ dw). UVA and UVB photo protective capabilities of the extracts through different biological effective protection factors (BEPFs) were evaluated using in vitro methods; the Mansur method for sun protection factor (SPF) and calculation of effective solar absorption radiation (%ESAR) to determine SPF and UVA protection factor (UVA-PF) of the extract and in seaweed enriched lotion. The SPF was negligible, when evaluating FV-WE in lotion (10 and 20% w/w). Moreover, %ESAR of the FV-WE showed SPF and some UVA-PF, but not enough to give sufficient SPF in lotions (10% w/w). It was concluded that the concentration of UV protecting compounds in the extracts was too low to and that further fractionation and purification of phlorotannins is needed to increase the SPF.     

梯形渠道跌水口量水的试验研究

跌水是一种较为常见的渠系建筑物,当水流经过跌水口时必然产生缓流向急流的过渡。在梯形渠道上通过2种不同的连接渐变段(扭面与隔墙)以及不同的堰厚和缺口宽度组合,进行了系统的跌水口量水试验,应用量纲分析法建立了2种连接渐变段在不同堰厚下的流量公式,得出流量计算的平均相对误差最大值为3.002%。     

基于极大熵原理的水资源承载力模糊评价

区域水资源承载力是近些年来水科学领域研究的热点问题,根据信息论中Jaynes最大信息熵原理,提出了一种水资源承载力模糊评价模型,并将其应用到河南省水资源承载力评价中,结果表明,河南省绝大多数地区水资源承载力较低,水资源的开发利用应以可持续发展为基础,采用节约用水,加强管理等措施。     

NaCl水分复合胁迫下宁夏十种主栽苜蓿品种幼苗体内脯氨酸含量变化

二次通用旋转组合设计盆栽试验,分析比较宁夏10种主栽苜蓿品种苗期在NaCl、水分复合胁迫下体内脯氨酸含量的变化,并对其抗盐、抗旱性进行初步评价。结果表明:NaCl胁迫对各品种体内脯氨酸含量的主效应除陇东和阿尔冈金苜蓿表现为负效应外,其它苜蓿品种均表现为正效应;水分胁迫对各品种的脯氨酸含量均表现为负效应;其单因素效应为:随NaCl胁迫的增加,各品种体内脯氨酸均有先减小,后增大的趋势;随水分胁迫的增加,各品种体内脯氨酸均有增加趋势;其交互效应表现为:NaCl、水分两因素对阿尔冈金、新疆大叶、宁苜1号、内蒙苜蓿和金皇后五个品种体内脯氨酸含量(Y)影响的交互效应不显著;其余五个品种CW301、三得利、陇东苜蓿、朝阳苜蓿和CW200交互作用显著,且均为负交互,交互作用的大小排序为:YCW301=Y陇东苜蓿>YCW200=Y三得利>Y朝阳苜蓿;以脯氨酸含量为主要指标对10个苜蓿品种抗盐、抗旱性初步排序:CW301>CW200>朝阳苜蓿>金皇后>宁苜1号>阿尔冈金>内蒙苜蓿>陇东苜蓿>三得利>新疆大叶。