潮州三百门电厂冷却水排放的数值模拟研究

海湾及潮汐河口的冷却水工程研究近年来受到人们的重视，由于受到潮汐的影响，其冷却水布置及热污染特性比河道及水库型更为复杂。采用数值模拟的方法，首先对电厂附近的潮流特性及冷却水输移扩散进行模拟计算，研究了电厂近海水域的水动力结构及其对冷却水排放的影响，给出电厂取水温升及热污染范围，为电厂取水设计工作提供依据。     

供水系统摇蚊污染特征的调查和分析

供水流程中的摇蚊污染影响水厂生产和自来水水质，S市水厂进行的摇蚊污染特征调查结果表明，污染水厂的摇蚊优势种是花翅摇蚊，水厂孳生的摇蚊来源于进厂原水，摇蚊主要孳生分布在水厂沉淀池。水厂沉淀池形成摇蚊污染的主要原因有：原水的悬浮物和丰富的藻类，沉淀池的温度、溶解氧、pH值，摇蚊幼虫对氯离子和混凝剂浓度的较强耐受性。     

增加投入实现引黄灌溉良性发展

引黄灌溉经济效益显著,但是灌区管理单位的财务收益却入不敷出。根据经济效益分析与水费收交情况,作者认为应加强水费回收,多方面集资以及深化水费改革等,以利于灌溉事业的良性发展。     

硝酸钙在底泥修复中的作用机理及

受污染底泥的修复已经成为水环境修复中的重要组成部分，在底泥中注入硝酸钙则是近十多年来发展起来的一种污染底泥原位处理技术。全面分析了硝酸钙在底泥修复中去除有机物、抑制磷的释放以及消除水体黑臭现象的机理，并介绍了这一技术在国内外的研究和应用状况。研究成果表明：在底泥中注入硝酸钙的技术已从实验室和中试研究阶段发展到了实际的工程动作阶段，并且在有机物PAHS的降解和硫化物的去除方面已经得到了很好的效果。     

发展山园瓯柑节水喷灌机械配套节本增效技术

随着我国综合国力的稳步发展,城乡人民的生活水平也不断提高,发展瓯柑种植面积和提高产量,改善瓯柑品质,是人们物质生活的需要,也是我国新形势下农业产业结构调整的发展趋势,并带动山区农民共同致富,利国又利民。本文就温州地区发展山园瓯柑节水喷灌机械配套节本增效技术进行叙述,对于推广应用具有重要的现实意义。     

商丘式区农业用水量预报模型研究

预测试区的年用水量,便于预报地下水位,采取合理的措施来化解该地区存在的供水与需水矛盾,确保当地工农业生产和人民正常生活.在河南省商丘试区,建立了农业用水量预报模型.     

小流域的综合治理

1984年以来,舒城县采取工程和生物措施相结合的办法,对胡家河等6个小流域进行了综合治理。本文扼要地将在治理和管护工作中积累的经验、方法以及其成效、研究资料介绍给大家,以供参考。     

An economist's perspective on irrigation performance assessment: With examples from large scale irrigation in Morocco

This paper accepts that assessing the performance of irrigated agriculture is difficult because being multi-dimensional it requires a multi-disciplinary approach. Public irrigation schemes may have a number of often competing objectives and are assessed by interest groups with differing values and perspectives. A wide range of performance indicators are thus required. Some of these and the complex inter-relationships that may exist in the system are illustrated.     

Managing the water balance of The Fayoum Depression,Egypt

A study of the water balances of The Fayoum irrigated lands and Lake Qarun was made to investigate the management of the irrigation system and the efficiency of irrigation water use. The two water balances are strongly interrelated. The drainage flow to Lake Qarun and the water level of the Lake are in delicate balance. A rise in Lake level causes the inundation of adjacent land. Management of The Fayoum water balance assumes control over irrigation water flows, but this control has technical and organizational limitations. Also discussed is the influence of irrigation practices in The Fayoum on the water balance (e.g., the autumn flushing of fields and farmers' preference for not irrigating at night in winter). Notwithstanding a high overall efficiency, irrigation efficiency during the winter is low. The reasons for this are given, together with the constraints against improving system management. Improved uniformity of the division and application of irrigation water will enable a better technical control of flows and will result in better water management in The Fayoum. Abbreviations: FID — Fayoum Irrigation Department, 1 feddan (fe) — 0.4 ha, 1 mcm — 1 million cubic metres: an average annual flow of 3.17 m³/s gives 100 mcm, m³/fe.year — supplied volume (m³) per surface area (fe) per year: 1000 m³/fe.year equals 240 mm/year, MSL — Mean Sea Level     

Irrigation scheduling in a mature peach orchard using tensiometers and dendrometers

Three trickle irrigation schedules, two of which were scheduled according to soil water potential ( soil) (tensiometer method) and daily stem contraction (DSC) (dendrometer method) respectively and the other one was a schedule of restricted water supply, were applied to a mature peach orchard.The annual water application based on soil was greater than that based on DSC. However, tree growth, fruit size and leaf water potential (leaf) on the trees in the dendrometer scheduling plot did not differ from those in the tensiometer scheduling plot while the premature fruit drop and fruit bud initiation were greatly different. The restricted water supply treatment limited significantly both tree and fruit growth. In addition, the lower leaf was observed on the trees in this plot.Further study shows that use of the dendrometer method for scheduling irrigation satisfies the water needs of the plant and that the tensiometer method is less accurate.Abbreviations leaf leaf water potential - soil soil water potential - DSC daily stem contraction - LVDT linear variable displacement transducer - PET potential evapotranspiration