恒线速旋切机旋切技术参数的计算

通过对恒线速旋切机旋切速度，转速，时间，单板长度等技术参数的计算与研究，导出了旋切机转速方程式，由该方程式计算出的全部技术参数，与实际测量的结果一致，这种推导与计算方法的研究，用于旋切机是完全正确的。     

汽门非线性控制在电力单机无穷大系统应用研究

为了改进汽轮发电机组汽门的控制方式，建立了汽轮发电机组汽门调节系统的非线性模型。运用微分几何控制理论中的状态反馈精确线性化设计方法，得到了汽轮发电机组汽门非线性控制规律，在此基础上进行电力系统单机无穷大系统动态计算机仿真的研究。仿真结果表明汽门非线性控制可以明显提高电力系统的暂态稳定性，改善电力系统的动态品质，对电力系统中汽轮发电机失步后的再同步有明显的控制效果。     

滑道分钵轮式栽植器立苗率的试验研究

对滑道分钵轮式栽植器的结构和工作过程进行了分析，并对栽植器的立苗率进行了正交和单因素的试验分析，找出了对立苗率影响因素以及3种因素的最佳值。     

棉籽吸水速度的研究

棉籽在不同的温、湿度条件下吸水,都有三个快速吸水阶段,随温、湿度提高吸水速度加快。经硫酸脱绒的棉籽和温汤浸种后又晾干的棉籽.在28～30℃、4～5℃温度条件下吸水,其吸水速度都快于干籽,吸胀过程快速完成,没有明显的快速吸水阶段。田间插种条件下,5厘米地温低于8～10℃,棉籽需5天吸水达萌动饱和含水量(75%～80%);温度高于12～14℃,2～3天即可达到。     

莲花湖库区几种主要林型枯落物层的持水性能

 研究莲花湖库区红松林、兴安落叶松林、杂木林等几种主要林型和荒草地枯落物储量及其持水特征,结果表明:兴安落叶松林、红松林、杂木林和荒草地枯落物储量分别为20.8、23.9、16.4和5.7t/hm2,以针叶林的枯落物储量最高。兴安落叶松林、红松林、杂木林和荒草地枯落物层最大持水率分别为278.2%、295.3%、260.3%和154.8%。各林型枯落物吸水速度在0.25～3h变化最快,24h达到饱和状态。枯落物持水速度与浸水历时之间呈显著幂函数相关关系。兴安落叶松林、红松林、杂木林和荒草地枯落物对降雨有效拦蓄率依次为53.87%、65.95%、54.50%和53.45%,对降雨有效拦蓄量变化依次为31.20、45.97、23.27和2.94t/hm2。莲花湖库区不同植被类型下枯落物持水能力为红松林最好,荒草地最差。     

乌兰布和沙漠东北部不同下垫面的小气候变化特征

研究沙区不同下垫面小气候特征对充分利用气候资源及保证林业和农业的正常发展具有实践意义。该研究基于内蒙古磴口荒漠生态系统国家定位观测研究站2018年1-12月监测的荒漠区、荒漠-绿洲过渡带和绿洲内部的气温、相对湿度、风速和风向等气象资料,研究了3种下垫面的小气候特征并探讨了产生差异的原因。结果表明:1)荒漠区、荒漠-绿洲过渡带和绿洲内均为白天气温差异较小,夜间相差较大;由于近地层(0～50m)具有明显的逆温现象,使得植被在气温较高季节发挥降温增湿作用,而冬季发挥保温作用;2)绿洲使年均相对湿度增加1.31～2.57个百分点;就季节而言,夏、秋季,绿洲内的相对湿度较荒漠区和过渡带分别高4.04～6.17和0.93～1.94个百分点,春、冬季,由于近地层(0～50 m)存在明显的逆湿现象,因此绿洲内的相对湿度较荒漠区和过渡带分别低0.37～1.41和6.55～8.71个百分点;3)荒漠区、过渡带和绿洲内风向年变化特征均为以偏西风(W,WSW,SW,SSW)为主,荒漠区和过渡带的风向多变,绿洲内风向相对较为集中,绿洲能够使年均风速降低32.99%～37.05%。乌兰布和沙漠东北部过渡带植被和绿洲防护林体系对小气候具有很好的调节作用(降温、增湿、削减风速),研究区局地小气候主要体现在风速和夏秋季湿度上,而气温和冬春季湿度分别主要受逆温和逆湿的影响。     

棉花纤维素沉积特性的遗传分析

本研究利用~3H标记,对陆地棉(Goossypium hirsuturn L.)和海岛棉(Goossypiumbarbardense L.)不同品种及海岛棉×陆地棉杂种F_1代的纤维素沉积特性进行了分析。结果表明,与亲本比较,杂种F_1明显改善了纤维素沉积状况,沉积峰期较陆地棉明显后移,尤以前期纤维素沉积较快的品种,如鲁棉二号与海岛棉杂交后,纤维素沉积状况较陆地棉亲本改善更大。     

A nonlinear 3D finite element analysis of the soil forces acting on a disk plow

This study aimed to compare predicted soil forces on a disk plow with measured forces within the tillage depth of clay (90 g kg⁻¹ sand, 210 g kg⁻¹ silt, 700 g kg⁻¹ clay) and sandy loam (770 g kg⁻¹ sand, 40 g kg⁻¹ silt, 190 g kg⁻¹ clay) soils. The model assumed the effects of both tilt angle and plowing speed. Two plowing speeds (4 and 10 km/h) at three tilt angles (15°, 20° and 25°) were compared and the draft, vertical, and side forces determined. A 3D nonlinear finite element model was used to predict the soil forces while a dynamometer was used to measure them on a disk plow in the field. An incremental method was used to deal with material nonlinearity and the Trapezoidal rule method was used to analyze the dynamic response of soil during tillage. Field tillage experiments were conducted to verify the results of the finite element model. It was found that increasing the tilt angle of the plow increased the draft and vertical forces and decreased the side force. Increasing plowing speed increased the draft and side forces and decreased the vertical force. Generally, the results from the finite element model were found to be compatible with the experimental results in clay soil, while in sandy loam the differences between predicted and measured data were probably due to problems of measuring soil mechanical characteristics in the triaxial test.     

Effect of silicon on the eutectic carbides in as-heated M2 high speed steel

The effect of silicon on the eutectic carbides in as-heated M2 high speed steels is investigated by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction analysis. The high speed steel ingots with different silicon additions are produced by electroslag remelting process (the mass content of silicon is 0.3%, 0.8%, 1.6% and 2.4%, respectively). The ingots are annealed at 780 ℃ for 10 h and heated at 1 165 ℃ for 2.5 h. The results show that the eutectic carbides distributed in the dendrites with continuous or semi-continuous net-shape in the as-annealed ingots. The eutectic carbides change from lamellar-like M2C to herringbone-like M6C with the increase of silicon content. After 2.5 h heating at 1 165 ℃, the lamellar-like M2C decomposes into granular M6C and MC, and the size of granules in M2 high speed steel ingot with 0.8%Si addition is smaller than that in the 0.3%Si. Whereas herringbone-like M6C is unchanged during heating treatment, and coarse primary blocky carbides which are harmful for properties still exists after the deformation.     

旋耕开沟机横向抛土性能试验

旋耕开沟机开沟作业的横向抛土性能是衡量开沟机作业质量的重要指标．以湖南农业大学研制的2BF-6型稻茬田油菜免耕联合播种机配套旋耕开沟机为试验样机，分别对其横向抛土性能进行单因素试验和多因素正交试验，并对多因素正交试验结果进行了极差分析和方差分析，找出了影响横向抛土性能的主要因素与工作参数的最优组合，为优化开沟机的结构参数提供了理论依据．