防治肉桂枝枯病药剂的毒力测定

从肉桂的枯枝组织中分离到３个单孢菌株，经室内外致病性测定和形态鉴定，属可可毛色二孢菌（Ｌａｓｉｏｄｉｐｌｏｄｉａｔｈｅｏｂｒｏｍａｅ），是引致肉桂枝枯病的主要病原。针对这种病菌进行了室内药剂的毒力测定，筛选出５０％林病威ａｃ５００倍液，在幼林地防治效果达９５．８３％。     

麻疫霉对甲霜灵抗性的遗传研究

在实验室条件下研究了苎麻疫霉（ＰｈｙｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａｂｏｅｈｍｅｒｉａｅＳａｗａｄａ）对甲霜灵抗性的特点和遗传规律。结果表明：苎麻疫霉易对甲霜灵产生抗性，抗性水平可达野生型亲本的１８００倍以上，但抗性遗传不稳定；抗甲霜灵（Ｍｒｔ）突变株ＥＣ３１的Ｍｒｔ性状在游动孢子后代中发生连续分离，其余突变株的Ｍｒｔ性状经一代单游动孢子分离后完全丧失；Ｍｒｔ单游动孢子株在不含甲霜灵的利马豆培养基（ＬＢＡ）平板上培养１０～１４ｄ后对甲霜灵的抗性下降或丧失，其游动孢子后代中Ｍｒｔ个体比例相应减少；而在含甲霜灵的ＬＢＡ上，Ｍｒｔ单孢株的Ｍｒｔ性状可以保持一个月以上，且随着与甲霜灵接触时间的增加，其游动孢子后代中Ｍｒｔ个体比例有上升趋势。     

不同药剂种子处理防治大麦条纹病(Drecheslera graminea)的效果

1988～1989年在温室和大田分别进行了药剂筛选和药效试验。温室内药剂筛选的结果,扑海因和福美双湿拌种子处理获得理想的防治效果;大田药效试验结果,扑海因和福美双防效分别为98.5％和93.3％,增产率分别为22.4％和15.2％。福美双可大面积推广防治大麦条纹病。     

卵菌对杀菌剂的抗药性及治理策略

介绍了目前用于防治卵菌病害的保护性杀菌剂和高效内吸性杀菌剂 ,同时讨论了卵菌对内吸性杀菌剂的抗药性现状、产生原因、抗药性机制及交互抗药性问题 ,最后对卵菌抗药性的治理策略提出探讨     

水稻秆腐菌核病药剂防治试验研究

通过水稻秆腐菌核病菌对不同药剂的室内毒力测定和田间防治试验。结果表明，25％施保克Ec抑制菌丝生长效果最好，50％多菌灵Wp次之。两种药剂的适宜用量，25％施保克Ec为1125mL/hm^2，50％多菌灵Wp为1500g/hm^2。     

不同杀菌剂对富贵竹修口和顶侧芽生长的初步研究

以12个月生富贵竹剥除叶片的茎干剪取做富贵竹塔的外层（10cm）和次外层（15cm）的枝条为材料,采用不同杀菌剂分别对其下发口和上切口进行处理,比较不同杀菌剂对其枝条上切口修口和顶侧芽生长的影响。试验结果表明,下切口1种和2种混合杀菌剂处理,对参试材料的上切口白色枝数、平滑枝数、顶侧芽长度,其差异均不显著;上切口3种杀菌处理,对参试材料的上切口白色枝数、平滑枝数和顶测芽长度差异均达极显著水平;15cm枝条各处理组合的上切口白色枝数差异达极显著水平。参试材料的上切口平滑枝数（X）与顶侧芽长度（Y）均呈极显著相关关系。     

生长调节剂与杀菌剂混用在富贵竹加工的研究

用富贵竹剥除叶片的茎干剪取做富贵竹塔的枝段为材料,设置3种植物生长调节剂 杀菌剂的3因子3水平正交试验9个处理组合,研究其对富贵竹植株修口效果、顶侧芽生长及生根的影响。结果表明,爱多收 瑞毒霉锰锌、IBA 甲基托布津2因子3水平间的差异均显著或极显著,B-1活力素 百菌清因子3水平间差异不显著;植株顶侧芽长度分别与生根数、根长、根鲜重呈极显著的正相关;最佳处理组合,出口美国为(0.3ml·L~(-1)爱多收 0.8g·L~(-1)瑞毒霉锰锌)24h (O.3ml·L~(-1)B-1活力素 1.0g·L~(-1)百菌清)3次 (30mg·L~(-1)IBA 1.0g·L~(-1)甲基托布津)12h;出口其他国家为(0.3ml·L~(-1)爱多收 0.8 g·L~(-1)瑞毒霉锰锌)48 h (0.3ml·L~(-1)B-1活力素 l.0 g·L~(-1)百菌清)3次 (30mg·L~(-1)IBA l.0 g·L~(-1)甲基托布津)12 h。     

Effect of tebuconazole-tolerant and plant growth promoting Rhizobium isolate MRP1 on pea–Rhizobium symbiosis

Seed dressing with fungicides adversely affects the structure and function of beneficial soil microbial communities and consequently crop yield. This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of technical-grade fungicide tebuconazole on plant growth promoting potentials of tebuconazole-tolerant Rhizobium isolate MRP1. The performance of the isolate MRP1-inoculated pea plants grown in tebuconazole treated soils was also assessed. Generally, the three concentrations [100 (recommended dose), 200 and 300 μg kg⁻¹ soil] of tebuconazole when used alone, adversely affected the growth, symbiosis, grain yield and nutrient uptake by pea plants. Concentration dependent phytotoxicity of tebuconazole was observed for all the measured parameters. On the contrary, fungicide tolerant Rhizobium sp. MRP1 in the presence of fungicide increased the measured parameters at all tested concentrations. As an example, when inoculant MRP1 was also used with 300 μg tebuconazole kg⁻¹ soil, it substantially increased the root nitrogen, shoot nitrogen, root P, shoot P, seed yield and grain protein by 20, 19, 50, 31, 15 and 7%, respectively, when compared with uninoculated plants grown in fungicide-treated soils. The study suggests that the plant growth promoting Rhizobium sp. MRP1 can be used as bacterial inoculant to increase the production of pea in soils polluted with fungicides.     

7种杀菌剂对大麦条纹病的防治效果

针对大麦条纹病,选用7种杀菌剂对大麦品种甘啤4号种子处理后进行了室内毒力测定和室内发芽测定,同时进行了大田试验。结果表明,10％二硫氰基甲烷乳油,37／6敌萎丹悬浮种衣剂和0．5％二硫氰基甲烷种衣剂具有较好的抑菌效果,其EC。。有效抑菌浓度为2．563、7．345和19．721μg／mL;10％二硫氰基甲烷乳油、8％克...     

Taxonomy,distribution and biology of lettuce powdery mildew (Golovinomyces cichoracearum sensu stricto)

This paper reviews the taxonomy, biology, importance, host–pathogen interactions and control of lettuce powdery mildew. The main causal agent of this disease, Golovinomyces cichoracearum s.s., is an important powdery mildew pathogen of many members of the family Asteraceae. The pathogen is distributed worldwide and occurs on Lactuca sativa as well as wild Lactuca spp. and related taxa (e.g. Cichorium spp.). Powdery mildew of lettuce can be a major problem in production areas with favourable environmental conditions for disease development (dry, hot weather). The fungus grows ectophytically and appears as white, powdery growth on both the upper and lower sides of leaves. There is rather limited information on the geographic distribution of powdery mildew on wild Lactuca spp. Most L. sativa cultivars have been found to be susceptible. Large variability in virulence was confirmed and existence of different races is supposed. Resistance in L. sativa and some related wild Lactuca spp. is characterized by race‐specificity, but the genetic background of resistance is poorly understood. Sources of resistance are known in L. saligna and L. virosa. Lettuce powdery mildew can be effectively controlled by common fungicides (e.g. sulphur, myclobutanil, quinoline, strobilurins, etc.) and protective compounds (e.g. extract of neem oil, Reynoutria sachaliensis extracts). However, fungicide resistance may arise. Non‐fungicidal activators of plant systemic acquired resistance (SAR) had no direct effect on the causal agent. Future issues regarding lettuce powdery mildew research are summarized.