甘蓝小菜蛾常用单剂及甲维盐混剂药效试验研究

进行了甘蓝小菜蛾杀虫剂的田间药效试验,结果表明:2种甲维盐混剂2.8%甲维盐.三氟氯氰菊酯微乳剂和55.8%甲维盐.毒死蜱乳油药后10 d防效分别为:87.30%、91.24%;4个单剂40%毒死蜱乳油、0.5%甲维盐微乳剂、25 g/L高效氯氟氰菊酯乳油、0.5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油药后10 d防效分别为:80.18%、85.60%、82.90%、81.76%。可见4个单剂对甘蓝小菜蛾防效和持效效果相当,甲维盐混合剂总体防效和持效好于单剂。     

除草剂谷友对谷田杂草的除草效果及对谷子安全性的影响

以冀谷19为试材,研究了44%谷友(单嘧.扑灭)WP对谷田杂草的田间防效及对谷子安全性的影响。结果表明:44%谷友最佳使用剂量为1 800 g/hm2。在该剂量下,除草效果较好,且对谷子生产安全,谷子产量与人工锄草基本相同,但较50%扑灭津WP(药剂对照)增产显著。     

核桃炭疽病高效生防菌株鉴定及抑菌活性

在对土壤有益微生物的分离、筛选中获得4株对核桃炭疽病菌具有较强抑制活性的拮抗细菌(编号分别为PF-1,PF-2,Bs-03,Bf-02)。通过对菌株的形态特征、染色反应、培养性状、生理生化特征、染色反应、培养性状、生理生化特性等试验项目,初步鉴定Bf-02为坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus firmus),Bs-03为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacil-lus subtilis),PF-1为幼虫芽孢杆菌(Bacillus lacivae),PF-2为短芽孢杆菌(Bacillus brevis)。采用平板对峙培养法测定4株拮抗细菌对核桃炭疽病菌抑菌活性,4株拮抗细菌对核桃炭疽病菌具有较强的抑制活性,抑菌率均达到83%以上,抑制活性最强的是PF-2,抑菌率为88.47%,与其它3株拮抗细菌的抑菌率在P<0.05水平上具有显著性差异。其次为PF-1,抑菌率为86.11%,Bs-03和Bf-02的抑菌率在P<0.05水平上无显著性差异。     

枸杞的营养与功效

主要论述了枸杞的果、籽、叶、柄的化学成分,并根据国内外专家论述,对枸杞的药用功效、临床应用、保健价值以及有效成分做了详细的分析,对大力开发枸杞资源,做到"根、茎、花、实无弃物"的研究与综合利用有很好的指导作用.     

几种除草剂防除玉米田杂草的田间药效对比

为选择能防除玉米田杂草且对玉米安全的理想除草剂,促进玉米高效安全生产,对40%乙.莠.氰草津SC、15%甲基磺草酮SC等5种除草剂进行玉米田杂草防除药效试验。结果表明:40%乙.莠.氰草津SC、23%烟嘧.莠去津SC对玉米田单、双子叶杂草有较好的防效,防治效果分别达90.76%、91.60%。两种除草剂杀草谱广,持效期长,对玉米苗安全,是理想的玉米地除草剂。     

频振杀虫灯不同使用方法诱杀棉盲蝽效果研究

为筛选出专用灯光防治棉盲蝽技术,展开频振杀虫灯不同使用方法诱杀棉盲蝽效果研究。结果表明,筛选出防治棉盲蝽的方法,即:采用专用黄色光频振式杀虫灯,且每盏灯以间隔10 m距离方阵式悬挂,从7月1日至10月底,每天19:00至翌日6:00,每天定时开关,每1～3 d收1次诱杀袋中棉盲蝽。     

烟盲蝽5龄若虫对朱砂叶螨的捕食效能

在室内条件下研究了烟盲蝽5龄若虫对朱砂叶螨卵、幼若螨和成螨的捕食效能。结果表明,不同虫态不同密度分布对烟盲蝽5龄若虫的捕食效能有一定的影响。烟盲蝽5龄若虫对朱砂叶螨的卵、幼若螨和成螨的捕食反应为Holling Ⅱ型;增加空间异质性烟盲蝽5龄若虫捕食朱砂叶螨成螨的反应仍为Holling Ⅱ型。建立的模拟方程显示烟盲蝽5龄若虫对不同虫态的朱砂叶螨理论捕食量与实际捕食量吻合。     

性诱剂诱杀烟草害虫的效果研究

为有效减少烟草虫害,降低农药残留量,提高烟叶的产量和质量,以烟青虫、斜纹夜蛾诱芯进行诱杀试验,分析不同发生时期成虫的诱杀效果。结果表明,性诱剂可有效减少烟青虫和斜纹夜蛾成虫的基数,破坏其繁殖产卵。减少农药用量,防虫害效果、经济效益较为显著,有利于大面积示范推广。     

妥曲珠利-地克珠利复方溶液对鸡球虫病的疗效和安全性评价

妥曲珠利-地克珠利复方溶液设高、中、低3个剂量组,其中妥曲珠利使用浓度分别为20、10、5 mg/L,同时以百球清、妥曲珠利、地克珠利为对照药物,对鸡人工感染地克珠利耐药的柔嫩艾美耳球虫株进行临床抗球虫疗效试验。为评价妥曲珠利-地克珠利复方溶液对靶动物（鸡）的安全性,对试验鸡只连续30 d在饮水中按推荐剂量的5、10 、20倍给药,分别在第15、30 d 通过对增重、饲料报酬、器官系数、血液生化指标、病理组织学等方面进行观察和检测,与不给药对照组比较,以评价复方溶液的使用安全性。结果表明,复方溶液的低、中、高剂量组及百球清组的抗球虫指数（ACI）分别为112.1、182.5、193.9 和178.8。鸡只对妥曲珠利-地克珠利复方溶液的耐受性好,有较宽的安全使用范围。     

Relationship Between Leaf C/N Ratio and Insecticidal Protein Expression in Bt Cotton as Affected by High Temperature and N Rate

Expression of insecticidal protein for transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） cotton is unstable and related to nitrogen metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between leaf carbon nitrogen ratio （C/N） and insecticidal efficacy of two Bt cotton cultivars. C/N ratio and Bt protein content were both measured at peak square period and peak boll period respectively under 5-7 d high temperature and different nitrogen fertilizer rates on the Yangzhou University Farm and the Ludong Cotton Farm, China. All plants were grown in field. The results showed that the C/N ratio enhanced slightly and the Bt protein content remained stable at peak square period, but significant increases for the C/N ratio and decreases markedly for the leaf Bt protein concentration were detected at the peak boll period. The similar patterns at the two growth periods were found for the leaf C/N ratio and Bt protein content by different N fertilizer treatments. When nitrogen rate was from 0 to 600 kg ha-l, the C/N ratio was reduced by 0.017 and 0.006 for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3 at peak square period, compared to the 1.350 to 1.143 reduction for Sikang 1 and Sikang 3 at peak boll period, respectively. Correspondingly, the leaf Bt protein contents were bolstered by 2.6-11.8 and 26.9-36.9% at the two different growth periods, respectively. The results suggested that enhanced C/N ratio by high temperature and nitrogen application may result in the reduction of inseetiocidal efficacy in Bt cotton, especially in peak boll period.