Calculation and Analysis on Critical Moment of Thin-walled Beams under Unequal End Moment

In this paper, comparing the bending-twisting model with the tension-bending one, the critical moment of the thin-walled beams under unequal end moment is derived easily by the improved CDC (column deflection curve) method based on the increment interaction equations of beam-columns.A simplified formula is presented and the calculated results show a good agreement with the numerical ones.     

影响柿树炭疽菌孢子萌发、附着胞形成及致病性的环境因子

 在凹玻片上测定了不同浓度的葡萄糖溶液对柿树炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)的分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成率的影响,结果表明:分生孢子萌发率随葡萄糖浓度升高而增加,但附着胞形成率下降,芽管长度增加,附着胞的直径几乎没有变化;随着时间的延长,孢子萌发率和附着胞形成率都有所增加。不同pH对分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成率的影响结果显示,分生孢子在pH 2.0~9.0的溶液中可以萌发,并产生附着胞;最适分生孢子萌发和附着胞形成的pH是在5.0~6.0。不同pH处理的致病试验结果说明。在23℃时病斑在pH 4.0~8.0条件下都可产生;致病试验结果也发现,17℃时,pH6.0处理能发病,但不形成分生孢子团,pH 5.0处理不发病;15℃时,pH 5.0和pH 6.0的处理都不能发病。温度对菌丝生长的影响显示,菌落生长最适温度是25℃左右,高温抑制菌落生长。寄主表面侵染结构扫描电镜观察结果表明,芽管长度变化很大,芽管可以纵向沿着脊或沟延伸,也可横向通过脊沟;附着胞均在沟底或近底部形成。     

Development of Highly Efficient Transformation System of Yeast-Like Conidia of Tremella fuciformis

Tremellafuciformis is one of higher basidiomycetes. Its basidiospore can reproduce yeast-like conidia, which is also called the blastospore by budding. The yeast-like conidia of T. fuciformis is monokaryotic and easy to culture by submerged fermentation similar to yeast. Thus, it is a good recipient cell for exogenous gene expression. In this study, the expression plasmid pAN7-1 （containing promoter gpd-An derived from Aspergillus nidulans and selectable marker gene hph conferring resistance to hygromycin B） and plasmid pLg-hph （containing promoter gpd-Le derived from Lentinula edodes and selectable marker gene hph） were transformed into the yeast-like conidia of T. fuciformis by PEG-mediated protoplast transformation, respectively. The primary putative transformants were selected by the sandwich screening method with the selective medium containing 50 μg mL^-1 hygromycin. The putative transformants were obtained from the primary putative transformants transferred on PDSA plates containing 100 μg mL^-1 hygromycin for second round selection. Experimental results showed that the optimal concentration of PEG 4000 for mediating protoplast transformation was 25%. PCR and Southern blotting confirmed that the selectable marker gene hph was integrated effectively into the genome of the yeast-like conidia of T. fuciformis with plasmid pLg-hph transformation. Its transformation efficiency was 110 transformants per μg DNA, and the hph gene was integrated into the genome of some yeast-like conidia with plasmid pAN7-1 transformation. However, its transformation efficiency was only 9 transformants per μg DNA. The presence of hph gene in the genome of transformants after 5 generations of sub- culturing on PDSB medium was confirmed by PCR, suggesting that the foreign gene hph was stable during subculture.     

基于ANSYS车削薄壁焊接筒件内环面变形分析

基于有限元ANSYS法,对车削薄壁焊接筒件内孔环面过程中产生的变形进行分析,通过改变不同的加工条件,对环面的非焊缝处和焊缝处施加集中三向载荷,得到最大变形量和最大应力的数据,通过数据分析变化规律,从而得出对实际生产起指导作用的建议。     

Use of sclerotia of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</Emphasis> for efficient production of conidia of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Coniothyrium minitans</Emphasis> in liquid culture

A study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using sclerotia ofSclerotinia sclerotiorum for producing conidia ofConiothyrium minitans in liquid culture. The medium (SST) was made of water containing 2.0, 1.5, 1.0 or 0.5% (w/v) ground sclerotia ofS. sclerotiorum and 100 μgl ⁻¹ thiamine hydrochloride (HCl). One ml of conidial suspension (2 × 10⁷ conidia ml⁻¹) ofC. minitans LRC 2534 was inoculated into 100 ml of SST medium or control (thiamine HCl in water) and incubated at 20 ± 2°C on a shaker at 200 rpm. Subsamples were removed periodically and examined under a compound microscope. Conidia in the SST media germinated within 24 h, developed into branched hyphae within 48 h, produced pycnidia after 3–4 days, and the pycnidia released mature conidia after 7 days. Production of conidia varied with the concentration of sclerotia in the SST medium. It was lower (3.6 × 10⁶ conidia ml⁻¹) at 0.5% but higher (1.2 × 10⁸ conidia ml⁻¹) at 2%. The new conidia were viable and the colonies developing from them showed the original morphological characteristics. It was concluded that using SST liquid medium as a substrate for mass production of conidia ofC. minitans has potential for use in commercial development of this mycoparasite as a biocontrol product. http:www.phytoparasitica.org posting Jan. 23, 2007.     

胶锈菌的重寄生菌大量产孢培养基研究

通过对胶锈菌（Gymnosporangium asiaticum,G.yamadai)的重寄生菌（Tuberculina vinosa)在11种培养基上的产孢研究,试图探寻大量产生重寄生菌孢子、且价廉、适用于工厂化生产的培养基。结果表明,该重寄生菌在面粉、玉米粉为主要原料,白糖、葡萄糖为碳源的3、5、7号等3种培养基上,27℃、荧光和黑暗12小时交替的条件下,经15天的培养,可获得大量重寄生菌的孢子,其产孢量为接种量的700多倍。     

霜霉属真菌自体荧光现象与萌发活性关系的研究

霜霉属真菌(Peronospora(Corda)Schrdoter)较为重要的种有东北霜霉(Peronospora manshurica(Naoum.)Syd.),散展霜霉(Peronspora effusa(Grev.)Ces.),寄生霜霉(Peronospora parasitica(Pers.)Fr.),烟草霜霉(Peronospora hyoscyami de Bary f.sp.tabacina(Adam)Sklichy)等。本研究对寄生霜霉、散展霜霉和东北霜霉3个种的孢子囊通过物理处理、化学处理和自然死亡等多种致使孢子囊死亡的方法处理后,孢子囊的自体荧光现象和其萌发活性的关系进行了深入研究,并观察了干烟叶上烟草霜霉孢子囊的自体荧光现象和其萌发活性,得出了霜霉属真菌孢子囊的自体荧光现象和孢子囊的萌发活性呈反相关关系的规律性结论,说明检验孢子囊的自体荧光现象可以用于检验霜霉属真菌孢子囊的萌发活性。     

蜡蚧轮枝菌昆明菌株生物学特性研究(三)——紫外线对菌株分生孢子萌发率的影响

 室外阳光照射下(λ=254nm, 132～158μW/cm²)0.5h,1h,2h和3h,该菌株分生孢子萌发率分别为92.35% ,84.78% ,40.22% ,和8.81%; 室内紫外灯下, 孢子萌发率因照射强度(照距)和时间增加而下降。     

炭疽菌属（Colletotrichum Cda）分类学研究Ⅲ．产弯孢子种的描述

报道了河北省炭疽菌属（ＣｏｌｌｅｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍＣｄａ）产弯曲型孢子的７个种和１个变型，其中１新种，即唐松草炭疽菌Ｃ．ｔｈａｌｉｃｔｒｕｍＺｈａｎｇｅｔＷ．Ｐ．Ｗｕ；由异名恢复的种１个，即百合科炭疽菌Ｃ．ｌｉｌｉａｃｅａｒｕｍ（Ｗｅｓｔ．）Ｄｕｋｅ．编制了分种检索表；记述了各种的形态特征。