不同栽培基质下水生植物的适应性

设泥炭栽培、水苔藓栽培和地栽3种处理,对再力花、海寿花、溪荪和轮叶石胡荽在3种基质栽培处理下的适应性进行了比较．结果表明：3种处理下,再力花、海寿花和轮叶石胡荽的植株地上部、地下部生物量均以地栽处理最高,植株根冠比均以地栽处理最低;溪荪在3种处理下的适应性没有表现出明显差异;4种植物在3个处理下的根系活跃吸收面积率变化趋势相似,基本在40％～50％波动,没有明显差异;4种植物在泥炭栽培和水苔藓栽培基质下都有一定的适应性．     

贵阳市地衣分布状况与环境污染分析

通过对贵阳市市中区和近郊区6个监测地区的地衣植物种类分布及生长状况调查,得出离中心城区越近,地衣的种类就越单一,在局部人类活动频繁、污染严重的地区地衣种类更少。利用地衣对环境质量的反应来评价贵阳大气质量,有助于准确把握该地区的环境质量,从而为正确认识环境变化和保护环境提供基础资料。研究结果对城市环境污染的生物监测提供了参考资料。     

徐州市主要园林植物滞尘能力的初步研究

[目的]探讨徐州市主要园林植物的滞尘作用及其与生态环境之间的关系。[方法]以徐州市主要园林植物为研究对象,通过采样调查和实验室分析,对徐州市主要园林绿化植物滞尘能力进行初步研究。[结果]不同树种的单位面积滞尘量、单株树木滞尘量均存在较大差异,乔木中,以女贞、侧柏、雪松、悬铃木和国槐的滞尘能力较强;灌木中,以珊瑚树、海桐、大叶黄杨和紫薇等的滞尘能力较强。同一树种在不同地点的滞尘能力表现出明显差异,说明绿化树种的滞尘能力不仅与树种自身有关,还与其周围环境质量有关。同一树种不同径阶树木的滞尘能力也有一定差异。[结论]不同类型树种的滞尘能力存在较大差异,其大小顺序为:灌木>常绿乔木>落叶乔木。     

W6基因的过表达提高转基因烟草的耐盐性

W6基因是由普通小麦地方品种小白麦cDNA文库中克隆获得的ERF类转录因子, 属于ERF IV家族。将W6基因构建在由组成型CaMV35S强启动子控制的双子叶转化载体pBI121上, 通过农杆菌介导法将其转入烟草新华1号。利用RT-PCR技术分析W6基因的过量表达对下游抗性基因表达水平的影响, 并测定高盐胁迫下转基因烟草的SOD酶活性和叶绿素含量。结果显示, 所检测的转基因烟草阳性株中W6基因均有不同程度的表达, 其耐盐性明显提高。W6基因的表达诱导并增强了含有GCC box的PR(pathogenesis-related)基因和含有DRE/CRT元件的COR/RD基因的表达。在高盐胁迫下, 转基因烟草的SOD酶活性和叶绿素含量明显高于对照。W6基因既能诱导抗病相关的PR基因表达又能诱导与提高非生物胁迫能力的COR/RD基因表达, 可能与生物胁迫和非生物胁迫相关, 证实转录因子W6参与了耐盐胁迫相关基因的调节, W6基因的过表达提高了转基因烟草的耐盐性。     

浅谈室内有毒气体与室内花卉

现代居室装修材料多会造成室内不同程度空气污染,有害人们健康。文章根据有关资料,对有毒气体来源和危害以及室内花卉对有毒气体的吸收作用进行简单介绍。建议尽可能少用有毒装饰材料,加强室内通风换气,再辅之以室内花卉,同时建议学术界加强对有特殊环保功能植物的研究。     

道路景观植物滞尘量研究

道路景观植物作为消除大气颗粒污染物的重要方法正受到越来越广泛的重视。本文选用绵阳市道路景观植物中具有代表性的小叶榕、月季和女贞对影响植物滞尘量的因素进行研究。结果表明:小叶榕树种的滞尘量极显著地高于月季和女贞(P<0.01);小叶榕与月季混种的滞尘量显著地高于小叶榕单独种植(P<0.05);景观植物与机动车道适当的距离和栽种密度对小叶榕的滞尘和滤尘作用有一定的影响。       

广西城市道路绿化

通过对广西大部分城市行道树树种应用具有的优势以及存在的不足进行分析,从广西环境特征、行道树树种的特性等入手提出影响城市绿化树种选择的因素,并根据广西的具体情况针对性的提出城市道路绿化的可持续发展途径。       

Inheritance and field performance of transgenic Korean Bt rice lines resistant to rice yellow stem borer

Transgenic Korean rice plants containing the cry1Ab gene were developed for resistance against yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas, YSB). More than 100 independent transgenic lines from three Korean varieties (P-I, P-II and P-III) were generated. The amount of Cry1Ab in transgenic T₀ plants was as high as 2.88% of total soluble proteins. These levels were sufficient to cause 100% mortality of YSB larvae. The majority of T₁ transgenic lines originated from the varieties P-I and P-II followed a Mendelian fashion of segregation. Deviation from the expected segregation ratio was observed in a small number of the transgenic lines of P-I and P-II origins. However, this deviation was primarily observed in the P-III originated lines. Segregation analysis of the T₁ generation indicated that 1–3 copies of the cry1Ab gene were integrated into the genome of the majority of the transgenic lines originating from varieties P-I and P-II. Stunted and semi-fertile mutants were observed in some transgenic lines. These aberrations were either independent or closely linked to the introduced cry1Ab gene loci in different transgenic lines. Reduction in GUS expression levels and loss of toxicity against YSB larvae were found in some transgenic lines. The transgenic T₃ and T₄ lines causing 100% mortality of third instar YSB larvae in the lab were completely protected in the field. Analysis of important yield components on nine selected transgenic lines indicated that stem length, panicle length, grain number per panicle, and seed setting rates were reduced in transgenic plants compared to those in non-transgenic parental rice lines. Number of panicles per cluster, however, was significantly higher in transgenic plants. The numerical value of the average yield was in general greater in the controls than in all the transgenic lines, indicating some ‘yield drag’. Since some selected lines were highly resistant to the YSB with good yielding potential, they offer effective potential for use in insect resistance management programs.     

山东省植物区系新资料(续)

报道了山东省新记录种子植物8种,即杭州榆、石生蝇子草、蒙古白头翁、禺毛茛、水子、假水生龙胆、刺旋花、柳叶蒿,分属7科、8属。     

生态经济学理论在现代城市绿化中的运用

针对我国城市绿化现状提出绿化新理念．城市要科学规划,建立具有文化和历史特色的新面貌,建立生态、节约型绿地城市,将乡土植物、宿根地被植物运用在现代城市绿化中,发挥优势,使生态与城市共同发展．