大型厌氧反应器球顶壳稳定性分析

根据轴对称旋转薄壳无矩理论,对大型厌氧反应器的球顶壳进行了静力分析.通过对自重载荷、地面均布载荷、覆土载荷和池内气体均布载荷所引起的沿经向和环向的内力分析,获得稳定性分析的理论依据;通过载荷转化,获得稳定性校验的计算方法;通过对300m3沼气池球顶壳的实例计算,验证了该方法的实用性,从而为大型厌氧反应器的稳定性校核提供了较为快捷、有效的理论方法.     

调配型甜橙含乳酸性饮料的研制

将甜橙果汁与牛乳调和,通过单因素试验,对稳定剂成分、酸味剂配比、杀菌条件进行确定,然后通过L9(34)正交试验对主要原料配比、稳定剂各成分配比进行研究。结果表明,原橙汁20%,脱脂乳粉3%,蔗糖10%,柠檬酸0.25%,乳酸0.025%,高黏度CMC0.25%,PGA0.1%,高脂果胶0.20%,80℃下杀菌15min,可制作出质量和风味俱佳的甜橙牛乳酸性饮料。     

鸭血中SOD的提取及稳定性研究

为充分利用鸭血资源,以新鲜鸭血为原料,利用响应面分析法对鸭血中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的提取工艺进行优化,并初步研究了SOD在不同条件下的稳定性。结果表明,乙醇与氯仿的体积比4∶5,溶血球与沉淀剂的体积比1∶1,静置时间25.5 min,SOD比活为1 000.91 U/mg;在pH值4.0～6.0,50℃温度以下SOD具有良好的稳定性。     

超高温灭菌乳货架期品质稳定性变化研究

研究了超高温灭菌乳货架期理化特性的变化,为提高其货架期品质稳定性提供理论基础。取贮存1～6月UHT牛乳,测定上下层乳脂肪、蛋白质、总固形物含量及流变学特性。结果表明,3个月后UHT乳脂肪上浮量显著增加(p<0.05);4个月货架期后蛋白质下沉量显著增大(p<0.05);6个月货架期后上下层乳液总固形物含量无显著差异(p>0.05);6个月货架期后上层乳液的黏度高于下层乳液。超高温灭菌乳货架期3个月后发生脂肪上浮、蛋白质和总固形物下沉、上下层黏度不均一现象。     

发酵蓝莓酒品质影响因素及其解决方法

以"北陆"蓝莓为原料,研究果胶酶、护色单宁、酿酒酵母、二氧化硫和原酒冷冻浓缩对蓝莓酒品质的影响,探讨蓝莓酒中甲醇含量高、色素不稳定、有硫臭味、干浸出物含量低、感官品质差的解决方法,以提高蓝莓酒品质.结果表明,蓝莓果浆采用20 mg/L Clarification果胶酶酶解效果好,蓝莓酒中的甲醇含量低;采用浓缩汁发酵蓝莓酒,未检出甲醇,但原酒的典型性减弱;发酵前期加入500 mg/L护色单宁Tanin VR Supra,或陈酿期加入500 mg/L护色单宁Tanin VR Color,可有效提高蓝莓酒色素的稳定性;发酵结束后原酒中加入30 mg/L二氧化硫,既没有硫臭味,又能防止酒体氧化;8％原酒冷冻浓缩为10％原酒可提高干浸出物含量,增强其典型性;使用拉弗德F33酵母发酵酿造蓝莓酒,酒香浓郁,果香鲜明,酒体协调,蓝莓酒品质较优.     

渠道边坡稳定的盐敏感性特征研究

工程中灌排渠道在运行多年后,随着土中含盐量的增加,会造成渠道边坡不同程度的滑塌、变形及结构的破坏。通过对盐化土的剪切试验和界限含水率试验,得到不同含盐量下土的抗剪强度指标和稠度界限,运用单因素试验分析含盐量对土的抗剪强度和稠度界限的影响规律。随着含盐量的增加,土体的团聚体稳定性降低,增加了粘粒的分散性,土的抗剪强度有所下降;同时土的稠度界限也会降低,增大了土的流动性,明确地说明含盐量增加也是影响灌排渠道边坡稳定性重要因素。     

一种四轮转向车辆操纵稳定性仿真分析

对转向时车辆质心侧偏角近似等于零为控制目标的四轮转向车辆操纵稳定性进行仿真分析。在建立四轮转向车辆操纵动力学模型,得到其状态方程的基础上,求解出横摆角速度和侧向加速度与前轮转角的传递函数,借助Matlab/Simulink,进行时域和频域的仿真,并将仿真结果与传统前轮转向车辆做比较,结果表明四轮转向车辆大大提高了车辆的操纵稳定性。     

Vehicle Lateral Stability Control Based on Sliding Model Control

In view of the vehicle cornering or path changing under ultimate handling maneuver, a 3-DOF nonlinear vehicle dynamics model which takes the vehicle lateral velocity, yaw rate and body roll angle as the State variables is presented. Based on the dynamic analysis, the method which using additional yaw moment produced by different longitudinal braking force among each wheels to improving vehicle handling stability in emergency situations is discussed. Considering the sideslip angle as one of the vehicle state variables is difficult to measuring, the sideslip angle estimation based on vehicle dynamic model and kinematics is designed. And then, based on the theory of siding model control, the combining sliding model control system is founded, which taking the vehicle yaw rate and body side-slip angle errors between the estimated and the real as the input variables, and taking the braking torque and the steering angle as control aims. The simulation results indicate that the control method can effectively improve the vehicle lateral handling stability.     

基于EDEM的高精度施肥装置设计与试验

肥料利用率低的主要原因是施肥方式精度不高引起的,将条状施肥改变为穴式施肥,可使肥料的利用率得到提升。为此,基于EDEM采用现代化的离散元模型科技设计,对不同结构和作业参数下的排肥盘进行仿真分析计算,结果表明:肥料腔的形状、施肥装置的前进速度及施肥量均对排肥量的变异系数有着明显的影响,施肥装置的前进速度变快和施肥量的降低最终会导致排肥量的变异系数增大。通过仿真模型对比发现,相比较其他形状的肥料腔来说,整体呈现为圆弧形的肥料腔对于排肥量的稳定性最好,施肥装置在前进过程中对于肥料的扰动情况也最小。在传送带速度为7km/h、排肥量300kg/hm^2的条件下进行了试验验证,结果表明:圆弧形肥腔的稳定性最好,排肥量的合理率为94%,变异系数为6.5%,与仿真实验的结果呈现出了相同的规律,可应用到实际排肥作业当中。     

Assessment of clonal fidelity of micropropagated gerbera plants by ISSR markers

True-to-type clonal fidelity is one of the most important pre-requisites in micropropagation of crop species. Genetic fidelity of in vitro raised 45 plants of gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus) derived from three different explants, viz., capitulum, leaf and shoot tips, was assessed by 32 ISSR markers, for their genetic stability. Out of 32 ISSR markers, 15 markers produced clear, distinct and scorable bands with an average of 5.47 bands per marker. The markers designed from AG motif amplified more number of bands. The markers anchored at 3′ ends produced high number of consistent bands than unanchored markers. Fifteen ISSR markers generated a total of 3773 bands, out of which 3770 were monomorphic among all the clones. The Jaccard's similarity coefficient revealed that out of 45 clones derived from different explants, 44 were grouped into a single large cluster alongwith the mother plant with a similarity coefficient value of 1.00, whereas one clone (C38) remained ungrouped. The clones derived from capitulum and shoot tip explants did not show any genetic variation, whereas, one of the leaf-derived clones exhibited some degree of variation.