宁夏荒漠草原改良技术研究

对引进的21种禾本科牧草的发芽率、越冬率、抗逆性、适口性、品质及产草量进行测定,结果表明:859、731、710、552、616等品种可作为干旱区退化草场恢复重建优良品种。利用筛出的牧草新品种和深耕、移栽和补播草场修复重建技术对天然草场进行改良,可使天然草场的产草量提高20%～55%,植被覆盖度增加8%～20%,草畜综合经济效益提高14.29%～54.74%。改良后土壤pH值和含盐量略有下降,土壤微生物总量增加。各草场修复重建技术提高土壤肥力能力的大小顺序为:深耕移栽补播未改良。     

CAPNl基因4685位点与肉质嫩度相关性研究

[目的]探索延边黄牛与草原红牛钙蛋白酶I（CAPNl）基因4685位点对肉质嫩度的影响。[方法]采用PCR—RFLP技术对草原红牛、延边黄牛CAPNl基因第14内含予区4685位点进行基因多态性与肉质嫩度进行分析,验证该位点在吉林省地方品种牛中的作用。[结果]该位点与肉质嫩度相关检测指标（蒸煮损失、肌纤维直径、剪切力、滴水损失等）密切相关,均表现为T等位基因的存在能够显著提高个体的嫩度水平,但该位点与pH无关。4685位点与屠宰性状（净肉重、胴体重、净肉率等）无关,仅与眼肌面积存在一定的相关性。[结论]延边黄牛与草原红牛CAPNl基因4685住点与肉质嫩度存在密切相关。     

杉木人工林间伐后林下植被生物量的研究

对杉木人工林间伐后林下植被生物量的变化进行测算分析,结果表明,间伐以后,由于林下空间环境因子的变化,植被生物量大量增加,为对照区的3.25倍其中灌木生物量增加273.5％,由对照区占林下植被总生物量的79.78％,提高到91.75％.且灌木种类增多,并尤以层外植物较多.其生物量占灌木生物量的50.25％;草本生物量增加32.49％;林下死地被物生物量达9100kg／hm2,比对照区增加92.80％。     

Response of mountain plovers to plague-driven dynamics of black-tailed prairie dog colonies

Sylvatic plague is a major factor influencing the dynamics of black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) colonies in the western Great Plains. We studied the nesting response of the mountain plover (Charadrius montanus), a grassland bird that nests on prairie dog colonies, to plague-driven dynamics of prairie dog colonies at three sites in the western Great Plains. First, we examined plover nest distribution on colonies that were previously affected by plague, but that had been recovering (expanding) for at least 6 years. Plovers consistently nested in both young (colonized in the past 1–2 years) and old (colonized for 6 or more years) portions of prairie dog colonies in proportion to their availability. Second, we examined changes in plover nest frequency at two sites following plague epizootics, and found that mountain plover nest numbers declined relatively rapidly (≤2 years) on plague-affected colonies. Taken together, our findings indicate that available plover nesting habitat associated with prairie dog colonies closely tracks the area actively occupied by prairie dogs each year. Given the presence of plague throughout most of the mountain plover’s breeding range in the western Great Plains, important factors affecting plover populations likely include landscape features that determine the scale of plague outbreaks, the distance that plovers move in response to changing breeding habitat conditions, and the availability and quality of alternate breeding habitat within the landscape.