Information-Seeking Preferences of the Colorado Equine Industry for Distribution of Disease Outbreak Information

The purpose of this study was to learn how perceptions of accuracy and availability of sources affect how members of the Colorado equine industry seek both everyday information and information during an equine disease outbreak. A survey was distributed by email and social media to members of Colorado-based equine organizations. A total of 256 survey responses were obtained from individuals representing a spectrum of ages and roles in the Colorado equine industry. Survey participants predominantly identified as female (95.3%) and their industry role as a horse owner (41%) or a competitive (25.8%) or pleasure (13.3%) rider. Younger survey participants reported greater (P < .0001) use of social media, and both participant age (P < .015) and information source (P < .0001) affected the perception of resource accuracy. In the event of an equine disease outbreak, industry role was an important factor (P = .003) in the selection of news sources, whereas age was not (P = .19). Many participants (56%) identified disease symptoms/signs to be the most important information to be sought during a disease outbreak and most (69.9%) preferred state or veterinary resources for this information. The identification of why Colorado equine industry members access information from specific sources may guide animal health and extension professionals to tailor their online presence to best meet the communication needs of the Colorado equine industry.     

新媒体技术在农业批发市场公众号的应用——以山西高新农业技术市场为例

随着信息技术不断创新发展和移动终端的普及与应用,新型媒体的形态层出不穷,使得传播媒介的“粘合特性”更为凸显,行业媒介化营销是行业当下发展的重中之重。微信公众号作为新媒体时代的新型社交平台,具有宏大的受众群体和广泛影响力,逐步受到社会各界的普遍关注。通过深入探讨研究微信公众号实际应用现状,对农业技术市场宣传中的应用可行性进行分析,并以山西高新农业技术市场微信公众号为例,提出相关应用建议。     

Herbicidal activity of Aureobasidium pullulans PA-2 on weeds and optimization of its solid-state fermentation conditions

Fungal strain PA-2 was isolated from infected poplar leaves from the Ping'an District, Haidong City of Qinghai Province, China. Based on the culture characteristics and the internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequence of its 16 S r DNA, the strain was identified as Aureobasidium pullulans. The culture and metabolites of strain PA-2 showed high herbicidal potential to five tested weeds Galium aparine var. tenerum, Chenopodium album, Malva crispa, Polygonum lapathifolium and Avena fatua. For the in vitro test, 5 days after the detached leaves were inoculated with PA-2 culture, all leaves infected by the hyphae and became black and rotten. For the in vivo test, a metabolite filtrate of PA-2 culture was sprayed over the living weed plants, and five days after inoculation, the weed plants became withered and necrotic. Seven days after inoculation, the fresh weight reductions of G. aparine var. tenerum, C. album, M. crispa, P. lapathifolium and A. fatua were 87.25, 78.46, 82.25, 62.11, and 80.27%, respectively. Galium aparine var. tenerum and M. crispa exhibited significant reductions in fresh weight. The bio-safety test on the five crops showed no significant plant height reductions, which was also observed for wheat(Triticum aestivum), faba bean(Vicia faba), and barley(Hordeum vulgare). By contrast, oilseed rape(Brassica napus) and pea(Pisum sativum) exhibited light spots but no significant reductions in plant height. These results indicated that A. pullulans could be a potential microbial herbicide for the control of the target weeds in crops. Optimization of the carbon and nitrogen sources for cultural media and substances for solid-state fermentation indicated that PA-2 had better colony growth and spore production with the optimal carbon source of glucose(C4), nitrogen source of soybean flour(N2), and the optimal substance was wheat bran. The results in this study provide useful information for the development ofA. pulluans PA-2 as an herbicide for bio-control of the weed.     

科技期刊传播力提升及其受众向大众拓展的可行性分析

分析了受众对于传播力的基础作用,提出科技期刊提升传播力可着眼于受众向大众拓展。从国家、社会、开放科学研究、生存发展需要等角度阐述了科技期刊受众向大众拓展的必要性和内涵,从政策环境、用户需求、内容生产、技术手段、传播模式、学术质量等方面论证了其可行性,简要介绍了科技期刊传播仍需理顺的一些问题。     

国内涉农大学学报数字化发展现状分析

为了解国内涉农大学学报数字化发展现状,比较各涉农大学学报数字化差距与不足,以万方数据库《2018年版中国科技期刊引证报告（核心版）自然科学卷》收录的33种国内涉农大学学报为调研对象,采用网络调查统计方法对涉农大学学报数字化建设进行研究。结果表明,国内涉农大学学报数字化建设取得一定成效,期刊网站、在线采编系统得到普及,基本实现期刊当期内容的在线发布、过刊浏览、在线预出版,微信公众号、RSS订阅、邮件推送等多元化传播服务也在不断建设中,也存在网站建设良莠不齐、提供的服务水平欠佳、人才队伍建设不足等问题,可通过加大资金投入,提升期刊网站建设,整合期刊资源、提升数字化,加强数字化出版人才队伍建设,一流学科助力涉农大学学报建设等方法来提高国内涉农大学学报数字化水平。     

Clinical signs, magnetic resonance imaging features, and outcome after surgical and medical treatment of otogenic intracranial infection in 11 cats and 4 dogs

Brainstem dysfunction resulting from central extension of infection is a life-threatening complication of otitis media/interna (OMI) that has been described infrequently in dogs and cats. We review the clinical signs of disease, diagnostic findings, and results of surgical and medical treatments of brainstem disease attributable to otogenic intracranial infection in cats and dogs. Eleven cats and 4 dogs were examined because of acute, subacute, or chronic clinical signs of brain disease including central vestibular signs, altered mentation, abnormal posture/gait, cranial nerve deficits, and seizures. Results of a minimal database (CBC, serum biochemical panel, urinalysis, thoracic radiographs, and abdominal ultrasonographic images or radiographs) were within reference intervals in all animals. Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the head were acquired for all animals, and cisternal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 9 of 11 cats and 3 of 4 dogs was examined. Surgical exploration and ventral bulla osteotomy were done for 12 of 15 animals, followed by 1–3 months of antibiotic therapy; the remaining animals were euthanized before treatment. In all animals, MR imaging was effective in characterizing the location and extent of the pathologic changes intracranially as well as within middle/inner ear structures. Results of CSF analysis were characteristic of bacterial infection in most of the animals with acute or subacute disease. Since long-term outcome in all treated animals was very good to excellent, it was concluded that dogs and cats with intracranial disease secondary to extension of otitis media/interna have a good-to-excellent prognosis when the condition was diagnosed and was treated by surgical exploration and appropriate antibiotic therapy.     

高羊茅愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的研究

对高羊茅Festuca arundinacea4个品种的成熟种子进行了愈伤组织诱导及植株再生的研究,建立了高羊茅的组织培养体系。结果表明:1)外植体种子的消毒程序以“次氯酸钠(活性氯≥5%)1 h 无菌水搅拌去皮”最佳;2)4个高羊茅品种以“千年盛世”在愈伤诱导中优势最突出;3)“千年盛世”愈伤诱导的适宜培养基为:MS 9 mg/L 2,4-D 300 mg/L水解酪蛋白;4)愈伤组织再生培养基中6-BA的适宜浓度为0.05 mg/L,KT的适宜浓度为0.2 mg/L。     

基于"流媒体"技术的"两课"教学新模式

教学模式是在一定教育思想指导下和丰富的教学经验基础上。为完成特定的教学目标和内容而形成稳定且简明的教学活动结构的理论框架及其具体可操作的实践活动程序。“两课”教学的效果如何,重点在课堂。本文通过组建教学团队,保证了“两课”的课堂教学质量．再运用流媒体技术实现这种教育方式的广泛传播,从而构建了一种新的“两课”教学模式。     

Potential applications of biological filtration media in changing water properties and subsequent effects on common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in recirculating aquaculture systems

This work aims to develop a suitable aquaculture system to solve issues pertaining to water quality in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) thereby improving fish growth performance and their feed conversion ratio (FCR). It is known that the efficiency of nutrient decomposition depends on the amount and species of bacteria present in the filter, and these can in turn be regulated by the pH. Our study shows that the significant increase in pH from 7.45 to 7.51 and 7.47 is achieved after the water was filtered through sawdust and wood wool respectively. At the same time, nitrite concentrations were found to have significantly decreased from 0.06 ppm in the control to 0.01 ppm in the sawdust treatment. Changes in the physical–chemical properties of treated water affect the biological properties of the organisms. It was found that the average final body weight for fish in the wood wool treatment 30.96 g and fish in the sawdust treatment 31.44 g was significantly higher compared to that for the fish in the control treatment 28.42 g. The use of sponge, wood wool or sawdust resulted in significantly lower FCR and therefore better fish productivity in RAS. At the same time, the red blood cell count, plasma urea, plasma creatinine, plasma albumin, and GOT and GPT were significantly higher in fish in the plastic, sponge, wood wool or sawdust treatment compared to the control treatment. In summary, this study demonstrates the benefits of using sponge, wood, wool and sawdust as biofilter media for aquaculture.