氮磷钾配比施肥对切花月季生长及抗白粉病的影响

采用氮、磷、钾不同配比施肥,对切花月季卡罗拉的株高、叶片数、最大叶面积、盛花期开花数、最大花冠径、切花枝长度、白粉病发病率、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量等指标进行测定,结果表明供试的12种氮磷钾配比处理中,处理輥輰訛生长最好,抗白粉病能力最强,N∶P2O5∶K2O的施入量为0.108、0.010、0.057 kg/m2,比例为1∶0.93∶0.53。     

玫瑰花简易绿枝扦插试验

为解决玫瑰花绿枝扦插育苗难问题,选用新生玫瑰花嫩梢,进行了玫瑰花简易绿枝扦插育苗方法试验.结果表明:不喷水、每天喷1次水与每天喷3次水方法间比较,生根率无显著差异,三者都显著高于多次自动喷水方法.不喷水方法最省工省力,且生根率高达85%,成苗质量好,又节水,适于大量生产育苗.用双层遮荫网效果好同时不需要移动.     

叶面追肥对藤本月季‘安吉拉’生长及开花的影响

为促进月季旺盛生长,增加开花量,增大花径,延长花期,提高抗逆性和越冬抗寒能力,在植物生长期,于叶面分别喷施不同浓度的尿素、磷酸二氢钾、磷酸氢二氨及其组合的肥料,研究叶面追肥对藤本月季‘安吉拉’生长和开花的影响.结果表明:生长期喷施氮、磷、钾肥料能促使‘安吉拉’植株健壮生长,枝条粗壮,抗性增强,花繁色艳,花径大,花期长.其中,以3‰尿素+5‰KH2PO4混合追肥的效果最为显著,株高76cm、花径6.2cm、单株开花量103朵和分枝数9枝均显著大于其他处理,且枝条风干率只有15%.     

月季在吉林市绿化中的露地栽培管理

根据月季首次在吉林市绿化中露地栽培获得成功的实践,探讨了月季在吉林市露地栽培的品种和园地的选择、整地、栽植、肥水管理、修剪、防寒越冬及主要病虫害防治技术等,为推广月季栽培提供参考。     

Abundance of arthropods on the branch tips of the invasive plant, Rosa multiflora (Rosaceae)

Rosa multiflora Thunb. (Rosaceae) is an invasive species in the USA, where it grows in pastures and wooded areas. A disease of unknown etiology, rose rosette disease (RRD), infects R. multiflora and other Rosa spp. The goal of this research was to determine the effects of habitat and disease symptoms on the abundance of Phyllocoptes fructiphilus Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae) , the presumed vector of RRD, and other arthropods on R. multiflora . We collected branch tips from healthy R. multiflora plants growing in the sun and shade, as well as RRD-infected R. multiflora growing in the sun. The samples were collected from June 2002 to April 2004 from three sites in Iowa, USA. The samples were collected approximately every 2 weeks during the summer, monthly during the fall, and once during early spring. The fall samples were only taken from RRD-infected plants because they retain leaves throughout the winter. We found that P. fructiphilus was present on diseased and healthy R. multiflora growing in the sun and on healthy R. multiflora growing as understory plants under a tree canopy (shaded), but the greatest numbers were observed on the diseased plants growing in the sun. Several other mite species, both predatory and phytophagous, Chaetosiphon sp. aphids, and the thrips species, Frankliniella exigua Hood and Neohydatothrips variabilis Beach, occur in the same plant microhabitat as P. fructiphilus . This is the first study to document the presence of additional arthropods in the same microhabitat (branch tips) as P. fructiphilus . Future research needs to isolate and identify the causal agent of RRD so it can be confirmed that, of the many arthropods feeding on R. multiflora , only P. fructiphilus vectors RRD.     

月季黑斑病的流行与防治

本试验采用对样枝分级,且不断更替的取样方法,进行了14个月的月季黑斑病流行的系统调查。月季黑斑病在广州地区周年发生,有2个主要的流行时期,分别在4月下旬至7月上旬及9月下旬至10月下旬。其流行与温度、湿度、降雨量及降雨次数密切相关,在适宜的温度(20—27℃)下,降雨或相对湿度高峰10—20天内出现病叶率高峰。田间10种药剂防病试验,敌力脱效果最高,达91.2％;施保克次之,为86.7％。百菌清也具有良好的防效,3年均在70％以上;如果与营养液1号混合喷雾,不仅防效提高,还可以促进月季生长、增加花枝数量和提高切花质量。     

月季切花采后花瓣内肽酶活性的变化

 以切花月季耐失水胁迫品种‘萨蔓莎’和中度耐失水胁迫品种‘贝拉米’为试材，研究了采后开花衰老进程中可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量及内肽酶活性和种类的变化。结果表明，两品种可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量及内肽酶活性在开花衰老进程中的变化趋势基本一致，但是在量上差异非常明显。可溶性蛋白质含量‘萨蔓莎’低于‘贝拉米’；pH6时，内肽酶活性‘萨蔓莎’低于‘贝拉米’，pH10时相反。两品种花瓣中都存在巯基蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶。切花月季的失水胁迫耐性可能与其内肽酶活性有关。     

提高布氏杆菌病虎红平板凝集试验抗原产量的研究

为提高布氏杆菌病虎红平板凝集试验抗原的产量,在生产中进行了一些探索,并对此进行分析、总结。     

抗寒月季反季扦插试验初报

本文通过两种抗寒月季的扦插试验,总结出反季扦插以枝条的中部和上部作插穗成活率高,扦插成活率可达到84．30％以上。反季扦插可以缩短繁殖周期,提高繁殖倍数。     

苦水玫瑰花红色素提取及其稳定性初步研究

在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交试验法优化苦水玫瑰花红色素的提取条件,并对其稳定性进行研究。结果表明,苦水玫瑰花红色素的最佳提取条件为：提取剂选用80%的乙醇,pH为2,料液比1∶60（g/mL）,浸提时间60 min;苦水玫瑰花红色素在pH＜6的酸性条件下较稳定,在碱性介质中极不稳定,在70 ℃以下较稳定,但对光较敏感,食品添加剂蔗糖和VC对其稳定性影响不大（色素吸光值变化幅度在10%以内）。该色素对还原剂Na2S2O3有一定的耐受能力,而对氧化剂H2O2的耐受性较弱,金属离子Na+、Al3+、K+、Ca2+对色素的稳定性无明显影响,而Fe2+和Fe3+对该色素的稳定性影响较大。