斑马鱼报警反应产生发育阶段的研究

鱼类在遭受捕食后,受损的表皮会释放大量的化学信号物质,同种其它个体嗅到这些化学信号后会作出躲避反应,称为报警反应(alarm response),报警反应通常出现在一定的发育阶段。采用斑马鱼(Dinio rerio)同种碾碎提取物(处理组,质量浓度为10-6g·L-1)作为报警物质,并设3个对照组:罗非鱼碾碎提取物组、双蒸水组、空白对照组,通过暴露处理实验,检测沉底累积时间(time of bottom)、呆滞累积时间(time of freezing)两项指标,研究了28 dpf(days post fertilization,受精后天数)、35 dpf、42 dpf 3个不同发育时期幼鱼的报警反应。结果显示:28 dpf时,处理组与3个对照组相比,在沉底累积时间、呆滞累积时间两项指标上均无显著差异,这个时期处理组有2 ind斑马鱼出现"沉底",其中1 ind出现"呆滞";35 dpf时,处理组与3个对照组相比,在沉底累积时间上有显著差异(P0.05),在呆滞累积时间上无显著差异,这个时期有5 ind斑马鱼出现"沉底",其中1 ind出现"呆滞";42 dpf时,处理组与对照组相比,在沉底累积时间、呆滞累积时间两项指标均有显著差异(P0.05),这个时期有8 ind斑马鱼出现"沉底",且8 ind全部出现"呆滞",与此对应的是这个时期大部分个体出现明显的报警反应。研究表明,斑马鱼报警反应产生的发育阶段为35~42 dfp之间,结合已知的野外斑马鱼生活史,推测斑马鱼在特定的阶段产生报警反应可能与栖息地的迁移有关。     

Predicting use of habitat patches by spawning horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) along a complex coastline with field surveys and geospatial analyses

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