猪细小病毒的PCR检测、分离及鉴定

根据GenBank中报道的猪细小病毒基因组序列,利用PCR引物设计软件,设计并合成了1对引物,通过对PCR反应条件的优化,成功地扩增出了511bp的目的片段,建立了PCR检测PPV的方法。利用该方法对120份临床样品进行检测,共检测到4份阳性样品,并成功地分离到2株PPV,1#病毒分离株理化特性鉴定表明其符合PPV的特性。     

猪捷申病毒与猪圆环病毒2型双重PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

为建立可同时检测猪捷申病毒（PTV）与猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）的双重PCR方法,本研究根据GenBank登录的相关病毒基因序列,选择保守区域设计引物,经过反应条件的优化,建立了可同时检测以上2种病毒的PCR诊断方法,扩增片段长度分别为187bp（PTV）、120bp（PCV2）。通过实验证明该方法具有良好的特异性和较高的敏感性,对PTV、PCV2核酸检测最低浓度分别为2．8×10^-2ng和6．6×10^-3ng。应用该方法对43份临床样品进行检测发现,PTV阳性率为23％,PCV2阳性率为38％,PTV与PCV2共感染率为16％。该方法的成功建立,为快速高效地检测以上2种病毒提供有力手段。     

Expression of PDGFR-β and Kit in canine anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinoma using tissue immunohistochemistry

Canine anal sac apocrine gland adenocarcinoma (ASAGAC) is an uncommon but highly invasive and metastatic malignancy. Toceranib phosphate (Palladia) is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that targets several members of the split kinase RTK family. These membrane receptors are important for cell cycling, apoptosis and angiogenesis, all of which can contribute to carcinogenesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate archived, paraffin-embedded canine ASAGAC and normal canine anal sacs for immunohistochemical detection of Kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFR-β). Two of 77 neoplasms (2.6%) expressed Kit. Fifteen of the neoplasms (19.5%) were positive for PDGFR-β expression. None of the normal canine anal sac epithelium expressed Kit or PDGFR-β. Because of these results, further investigation should be considered to determine the role of RTKs in the clinical course and treatment of canine ASAGAC.     

Pseudomonas fluorescens contamination of a feline packed red blood cell unit and studies of canine units

Background: While screening programs have reduced the risk of infectious disease transmission by donors in human and veterinary blood banking, bacterial contamination of blood products has emerged as a major complication in human medicine. Objectives: To describe a Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf)‐contaminated feline packed RBC (pRBC) unit and experimentally investigate Pf‐contaminated canine pRBCs. Methods: Canine pRBCs were inoculated with Pf‐rich pRBCs from the sentinel feline unit and stored at 4°C or 20°C for 72 hours. Aliquots from the pRBCs were serially evaluated by microscopy, culture, and a eubacterial 16S rRNA real‐time PCR assay. Results: One Pf‐contaminated feline unit turned black after 22 days of storage and was removed from the blood bank; a source was not found, and no other contaminated units were identified. Canine pRBCs spiked with 5 or 25 μL of the sentinel unit became culture‐ and/or 16S PCR‐positive at ≥8 hours at 20°C and 48 hours at 4°C and developed a color change at ≥24 hours. Sensitivity studies indicated that without incubation, inoculation of ≥100 μL Pf‐rich pRBCs was necessary for a positive 16S PCR test result. Conclusions: P. fluorescens grows in stored pRBCs slowly at 4°C and rapidly at 20°C. Screening of blood products for color change, estimating bacterial concentration with microscopy, and 16S PCR testing are simple and fast ways to detect bacteria in stored blood. Aseptic collection, temperature‐controlled storage, and regular visual monitoring of stored units is recommended. Discolored units should not be transfused, but examined for bacterial contamination or other blood product quality problems.     

新疆地区规模化奶牛场牛支原体流行病学调查

为了调查新疆地区规模化奶牛场牛支原体的感染情况,采用牛支原体间接ELISA和特异性PCR检测牛血清中的牛支原体抗体及病料中牛支原体核酸,共检测9个地区15个规模化奶牛场437份血清,肺脏、关节液及鼻腔黏液44份。结果显示,血清抗体阳性率为76.43%（334/437）,其中脐带血抗体阳性率为40.00%（4/10）;病料阳性率为40.91%（18/44）。检测结果表明,新疆地区大部分奶牛场存在牛支原体感染,部分奶牛场发生牛支原体肺炎及关节炎病例,并存在垂直传播的风险。牛支原体感染可能成为危害新疆规模化奶牛场犊牛健康的主要疫病之一。     

利用作物生长模型和时序信号甄别水稻镉胁迫

在自然农田生态系统中,农作物的生长通常受到各类环境胁迫（如重金属胁迫、病虫害、水分、营养）的影响,如何区分重金属胁迫与其他胁迫有待进一步研究。该研究选取了湖南省株洲为试验区,收集2017-2019年的Sentinel-2卫星影像数据,结合野外实测数据,开展水稻重金属镉（Cd）胁迫识别研究。首先,利用作物生长模型World Food Studies（WOFOST）同化时序遥感数据获取每年的叶面积指数（Leaf Area Index,LAI）时间序列曲线;然后运用集合经验模态分解（Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition,EEMD）方法对LAI时间序列进行多尺度分解,得到不同的时序信号分量（Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF）;最后使用动态时间规整（Dynamic Time Warping,DTW）方法计算受胁迫水稻分解后的时间序列与健康水稻分解后的时间序列之间的DTW距离,即归一化胁迫指数。结果表明：归一化胁迫指数是水稻重金属胁迫敏感的参数,与土壤重金属含量的相关系数为0.851,水稻受到的胁迫程度越高,归一化胁迫指数值越大,反之越低;在试验区中,水稻重度重金属胁迫的分布面积比例相对较低,且主要集中在西部、东北部以及偏东南地区。融合集合经验模态分解和动态时间规整方法能有效地甄别并定量分析水稻重金属胁迫状况,从而为作物重金属污染胁迫监测提供重要参考。     

牡丹江地区山楂最佳采收期评价

[目的]评价牡丹江地区山楂最佳采收期.[方法]对牡丹江地区山楂果实发育情况进行观测,应用Logistic方程拟合山楂果实生长曲线.[结果]表明,Logistic方程拟合优度(R2)为0.95513,拟合效果好,模型选择正确,预测结果较真.[结论]最佳采收期应不迟于山楂落花后第19.8周,牡丹江地区表现为应在10月上旬进...     

应用滤波方法提高高山松地上生物量遥感估测精度的研究

基于1987年、1992年、1997年、2002年、2007年、2012年分布在香格里拉市的34个高山松固定样地数据,以及Landsat时间序列数据集,利用谷歌地球引擎和Python,通过3种滤波算法对时间序列数据进行重构,应用随机森林算法对森林地上生物量进行估测,根据模型评价指标对重构前后时间序列数据的估测效果进行分析。结果表明：采用3种不同滤波方法重构的时间序列数据训练的非参数模型,其拟合精度和预测精度均高于滤波前时间序列的预测精度,整体均方根误差和相对均方根误差指标均优于滤波前数据,其中ARMIA方法最佳。应用滤波方法在一定程度消除了影像自身所携带的大量噪声和不确定性,有效地提高了数据质量,提高了高山松地上生物量遥感估测的精度。     

The Effect of Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme Inhibitors of Left Atrial Pressure in Dogs with Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Background: Despite many epidemiological reports concerning the efficacy of angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in dogs with mitral regurgitation (MR), the hemodynamic effects of ACE inhibitor administration have not been fully evaluated. Objectives: To document left atrial pressure (LAP) in dogs with MR administered ACE inhibitors, in order to obtain interesting information about daily LAP changes with administration of ACE inhibitors. Animals: Five healthy Beagle dogs weighing 9.8 to 14.2 kg (2 males and 3 females; aged 2 years). Methods: Experimental, crossover, and interventional study. Chordae tendineae rupture was induced, and a radiotelemetry transmitter catheter was inserted into the left atrium. LAP was recorded for 72 consecutive hours during which each of 3 ACE inhibitors—enalapril (0.5 mg/kg/d), temocapril (0.1 mg/kg/d), and alacepril (3.0 mg/kg/d)—were administered in a crossover study. Results: Averaged diurnal LAP was significantly, but slightly reduced by alacepril (P= .03, 19.03 ± 3.01–18.24 ± 3.07 mmHg). The nightly drops in LAP caused by alacepril and enalapril were significantly higher than the daily drops (P= .03, ?0.98 ± 0.19 to ?0.07 ± 0.25 mmHg, and P= .03, ?0.54 ± 0.21–0.02 ± 0.17 mmHg, respectively), despite the fact that the oral administrations were given in the morning. Systolic blood pressure (122.7 ± 14.4–117.4 ± 13.1 mmHg, P= .04) and systemic vascular resistance (5800 ± 2685–5144 ± 2077 dyne × s/cm⁵, P= .03) were decreased by ACE inhibitors. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: ACE inhibitors decrease LAP minimally, despite reductions in left ventricular afterload. ACE inhibitors should not be used to decrease LAP.     

多重聚合酶链反应筛选方法的研究

本文提出了筛选多重聚合酶链反应的常用方法，根据该法将56个牛微卫星组成的21个多重聚合酶链反应组合，其中14个三微卫星组合，7个二微卫星组合，这些多重聚合酶链反应组合可用于大批量测定微卫星的试验，如基因定位及亲子鉴定等。