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991.
992.
四种暖季型草坪草对长期盐胁迫的生长反应 总被引:19,自引:7,他引:12
通过盐水灌溉法,研究了长期盐胁迫对4种暖季型草坪草优良新品系沟叶结缕草'Z123'、结缕草'Z080'、狗牙根'C291'和海雀稗'P006'生长的影响,以评价其抗盐性及对长期盐胁迫的适应性生长反应.结果表明,根据绿叶盖度和植株总干重,这4种草坪草的抗盐性依次为'Z123'>'P006'>'C291'>'Z080'.长期的盐胁迫显著抑制了'Z123,和'Z080'的叶重、枝条干重和枝条长度,而'P006'和'C291'在10~20 g/L以上的盐度下才受显著抑制.'Z123'、'C291'和'P006'可以分别在20,10和5 g/L以内的盐度下维持稳定的枝条数量,血'Z080'在5 g/L下显著降低.5~10 g/L左右的低盐度对4种草坪草地下茎和根系生长的影响不显著,较高盐度下才受显著抑制,但'P006'和'C291'在5 g/L下具有更稳定的根系干重.长期盐胁迫不同程度地提高了4种草坪草的地下部分地上部分干重比,但抗盐越弱的草比值增加越快.不同草坪草的同一器官对盐胁迫的反应不一致,反应了其抗盐机制的差异. 相似文献
993.
Pathogenic bacteria belonging to the family Anaplasmataceae include species of the genera Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. Ehrlichia chaffeensis, first known as the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis, also infects several vertebrate hosts including white-tailed deer, dogs, coyotes and goats. E. chaffeensis is transmitted from the bite of an infected hard tick, such as Amblyomma americanum. E. chaffeensis and other tick-transmitted pathogens have adapted to both the tick and vertebrate host cell environments. Although E. chaffeensis persists in both vertebrate and tick hosts for long periods of time, little is known about that process. Immunological studies will be valuable in assessing how the pathogen persists in nature in both vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Understanding the host immune response to the pathogen originating from dual host backgrounds is also important to develop effective methods of diagnosis, control and treatment. In this paper, we provide our perspective of the current understanding of the immune response against E. chaffeensis in relation to other related Anaplasmataceae pathogens. 相似文献
994.
Carciofi AC Takakura FS de-Oliveira LD Teshima E Jeremias JT Brunetto MA Prada F 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2008,92(3):326-336
The effects of six extruded diets with different starch sources (cassava flour, brewer's rice, corn, sorghum, peas or lentils) on dog total tract apparent digestibility and glycemic and insulinemic response were investigated. The experiment was carried out on thirty-six dogs with six dogs per diet in a completely randomized design. The diets containing brewer's rice and cassava flour presented the greatest digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and gross energy (p < 0.05), followed by corn and sorghum; pea and lentil diets had the lowest. Starch digestibility was greater than 98% in all diets and was greater for brewer's rice and cassava flour than for lentils and peas diets (p < 0.05). Dogs' immediate post-prandial glucose and insulin responses (AUC < or = 30 min) were greater for brewer's rice, corn, and cassava flour diets (p < 0.05), and later meal responses (AUC > or = 30 min) were greater for sorghum, lentil and pea diets (p < 0.05). Variations in diet digestibility and post-prandial response can be explained by differences in chemical composition of each starch source including fibre content and starch granule structure. The nutritional particularities of each starch ingredient can be explored through diet formulations designed to modulate glycemic response. However, more studies are required to support these. 相似文献
995.
996.
Marcaccini A López Peña M Quiroga MI Bermúdez R Nieto JM Alemañ N 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,124(3-4):264-273
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alphaherpesvirus that causes a neurological disease in many wild and domestic animals. The neuropathology elicited by PRV is quite consistent regardless of the host with the only exception of mink, in which it is characterized by a vasculopathy rather than by an encephalitis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying pathogenic mechanism(s) of PRV infection in mink by using immunohistochemistry and laser capture microdissection (LCM) on material from naturally and experimentally infected animals. The inflammatory reaction induced by PRV was minimal or absent not only in the nervous system, where we identified a low number of macrophages and a few T lymphocytes, but also in the primary replication site, the oropharyngeal mucosa; however, the number of PRV-infected cells detected by immunohistochemistry was extremely high both in the peripheral mucosa and in the nervous tissue. On the other hand, the vascular pathology included parenchymal hemorrhages of various degrees and, in specific cortical areas of the brain, fibrinoid degeneration of the capillary walls. Detection of viral antigens by immunohistochemistry revealed infection of endothelial cells of capillaries situated both in the oropharyngeal mucosa and in the brain stem; the presence of PRV DNA in vessels was further demonstrated by PCR performed on LCM samples of brain capillaries. These results can be interpreted as supporting the idea that the different pathology of the disease in mink may be the consequence of an increased endotheliotropism of PRV in this species. Infection of the vessel wall may then lead to vascular pathology and impairment in endothelial cell function, resulting in a weak immune response to infection. 相似文献
997.
旨在为树莓叶黄酮的开发应用提供数据参考,通过正交试验与响应曲面法设计改良乙醇提取工艺,并通过HPLC建立树莓叶黄酮的色谱分离条件为:Agilent ZorBax SB色谱柱,流动相为1mg/mL乙酸-乙腈=72.5∶27.5,等度分离,柱温30℃,检测波长:257nm,完成树莓叶黄酮的初步分离,以及黄酮中芦丁含量的准确测定和验证。最佳提取工艺为:646mL/mL乙醇,料液比1∶12.5,41.9℃加热回流173.3min,最佳工艺所得提取率1.127%,响应曲面法最佳工艺提取率略高于正交试验法,且其工艺条件均较优于正交试验所得工艺,可为后期研发树莓叶芦丁兽用中药制剂提供理论参考。 相似文献
998.
Natalia RAMIREZ‐OTAROLA Janyra ESPINOZA Alexis M. KALERGIS Pablo SABAT 《Integrative zoology》2019,14(3):235-247
During vertebrate development, the immune function is inefficient and is mainly controlled by innate defense. While there have been detailed studies of various aspects of innate immune function, the effects of this function in the growth of vertebrates is still not well known. Similarly, there is little information regarding how early endotoxin exposure would affect juvenile phenotypes, specifically in a non‐model mammal like a precocial rodent. We evaluated the response to an antigen and its cost in offspring of the rodent Octodon degus. We inoculated pups at 4 different ages (8, 15, 22 and 30 days after birth) with an antigen to determine the ontogeny and costs of the response to an endotoxin. We assessed changes in body mass, body temperature, sickness behavior and the levels of a key mediator of the inflammatory response, the cytokine interleukin‐1β. We also determined the effects of early endotoxin exposure on the resting metabolic rate of juvenile animals (i.e. 90 days after birth). The cytokine levels, body mass and body temperature were unaffected by time of inoculation and treatment. However, pups subjected to inoculation at 22 days after birth with the antigen showed reduced locomotion. Juvenile resting metabolic rate was not affected by early endotoxin exposure. These results suggest that the magnitude of O. degus responses would not change with age. We discuss whether the lack of effect of the response on body mass or body condition is caused by environmental variables or by the precocial characteristics of O. degus. 相似文献
999.
Shengjing SONG Aiqing LIN Tinglei JIANG Xin ZHAO Walter METZNER Jiang FENG 《Integrative zoology》2019,14(6):576-588
Many studies based on acute short‐term noise exposure have demonstrated that animals can adjust their vocalizations in response to ambient noise. However, the effects of chronic noise over a relatively long time scale of multiple days remain largely unclear. Bats rely mainly on acoustic signals for perception of environmental and social communication. Nearly all previous studies on noise‐induced vocal adjustments have focused on echolocation pulse sounds. Relatively little is known regarding the effects of noise on social communication calls. Here, we examined the dynamic changes in the temporal parameters of echolocation and communication vocalizations of Vespertilio sinensis when exposed to traffic noise over multiple days. We found that the bats started to modify their echolocation vocalizations on the fourth day of noise exposure, with an increase of 42–91% in the total number of pulse sequences per day. Under noisy conditions, the number of pulses within a pulse sequence decreased by an average of 17.2%, resulting in a significantly slower number of pulses/sequence (P < 0.001). However, there was little change in the duration of a pulse sequence. These parameters were not significantly adjusted in most communication vocalizations under the noise condition (all P > 0.05), except that the duration decreased and the number of syllables/sequences increased in 1 type of communicative vocalization (P < 0.05). This study suggests that bats routinely adjust temporal parameters of echolocation but rarely of communication vocalizations in response to noise condition. 相似文献
1000.
体型性状在家畜育种工作中有着重要意义,但对体型各性状的关系及其在育种中的联合应用尚缺乏较为系统的研究。研究对一核心种猪场大约克猪的体重、背膘厚、体高、体长、胸深、胸宽、管围、臀围共8个影响猪体型的性状测定数据进行相关、聚类和主成分分析。结果表明,各性状间存在极显著正相关(P<0.01);8个性状可以聚为3类,体长、体高、体重和胸深聚为类Ⅰ,臀围、胸宽和管围聚为类Ⅱ,背膘厚与其它性状相关最低,单独聚为类Ⅲ;主成分分析把8个性状简化为有独特的信息侧重的4个主成分(累计贡献率为85.08%),分别为体重因子、体高因子、背膘因子和胸深因子。 相似文献